Premorbid Incidence of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Disorders in Facial Trauma Patients.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objective: Facial trauma is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality with increasing incidence over recent decades. Few studies have examined the prevalence of mental health and substance abuse disorders at the time of diagnosis.

Alloplastic Facial Implants.

As the face ages, there is thinning of the epidermis, volume loss and rearrangement of the soft tissues, and malabsorption of the skeletal framework. It is essential to have a thorough understanding of the aging process for successful facial augmentation and rejuvenation. Alloplastic implants can be used to provide a long-lasting solution for augmentation of skeletal deficiencies, restoration of facial irregularities, and rejuvenation of the face.

Septal Perforation Repair Using Bilateral Rotational Flaps With Interposed Mastoid Periosteal Graft.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the outcomes of endonasal repair of septal perforations utilizing opposing bilateral rotational flaps and a periosteum interposition graft.

Methods: Retrospective review of a single surgeon, tertiary referral center experience of patients who underwent septal perforation repair. Patient demographics, etiology of perforation, closure rate, and complication data were obtained.

Modified Skoog Method for Hump Reduction.

Dorsal hump reduction is a key component of rhinoplasty. Spreader grafts are the most frequently used technique; however, dorsal irregularities may result. The modified Skoog method involves removal of the osseocartilaginous dorsal hump, its modification, further reduction of the nasal dorsum, replacement of the modified dorsal segment, and suspension of the upper lateral cartilages.

A Guide to Facial Trauma Triage and Precautions in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

COVID-19 is an emerging viral illness that has rapidly transmitted throughout the world. Its impact on society and the health care system has compelled hospitals to quickly adapt and innovate as new information about the disease is uncovered. During this pandemic, essential medical and surgical services must be carried out while minimizing the risk of disease transmission to health care workers.

Intranasal Bolsters: A Novel Technique for Nasal Bone Stabilization.

Nasal bone stabilization, in the setting of comminuted nasal fracture or surgical osteotomy, represents a challenging surgical experience. Postoperative shifting of osseous fragments may result in compromised outcomes in an otherwise well-performed procedure. Although prior studies have reported nasal bone fixation with implementation of wires, plates, or halos, these techniques are often difficult to employ routinely.

Utility of a Systematic Approach to Teaching Photographic Nasal Analysis to Otolaryngology Residents.

Importance: Photographic nasal analysis constitutes a critical step along the path toward accurate diagnosis and precise surgical planning in rhinoplasty. The learned process by which one assesses photographs, analyzes relevant anatomical landmarks, and generates a global view of the nasal aesthetic is less widely described.

Objectives: To discern the common pitfalls in performing photographic nasal analysis and to quantify the utility of a systematic approach model in teaching photographic nasal analysis to otolaryngology residents.

Comparison of Neurovascular Characteristics of Facial Skin in Patients After Primary and Revision Rhytidectomies.

Importance: Wound healing influences both the cosmetic and functional outcomes of facial surgery. Study of cutaneous innervation may afford insight into patients' preoperative wound healing potential and aid in their selection of appropriate surgical procedures.

Objective: To present the quantitative and qualitative differences of epidermal nerve fibers (ENFs), neurotransmitters, vasculature, and mast cells in facial skin among patients after primary and revision rhytidectomies.

The Saddle Deformity: Camouflage and Reconstruction.

This article presents a comprehensive review of past and present modalities in the surgical management of saddle nose deformities. Various surgical techniques, including allograft materials, are systematically reviewed. The senior author's surgical experience and current management approach are highlighted.

Computed tomography scan does not correlate with patient experience of nasal obstruction.

Objectives/hypothesis: Third-party payors have begun to demand imaging studies to document septal deviation prior to authorizing septoplasties. This study aims to determine whether septal deviation findings on computed tomography (CT) correlate with symptoms of nasal obstruction as determined by the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale.

Study Design: Prospective and retrospective chart review.

Cysticercosis with an Orbital Tropism in Twins.

Two fraternal twin sisters developed cysticercosis localizing to the right lateral orbit over the same period after a presumed common-source exposure in China. This case demonstrates that cysticercosis can be related to travel. Similar temporal and spatial occurrences of these infections suggest a genetic tropism of the infecting organism in these twins.

Improving posttraumatic facial scars.

Posttraumatic soft-tissue injuries of the face are often the most lasting sequelae of facial trauma. The disfigurement of posttraumatic scarring lies in both their physical deformity and psychosocial ramifications. This review outlines a variety of techniques to improve facial scars and limit their lasting effects.

Assessment of pulsed-dye laser therapy for pediatric cutaneous vascular anomalies.

Importance: Although facial vascular malformations are often treated by facial plastic surgeons, no reliable validated assessment tool exists for surgeons to assess results.

Objectives: To use our assessment tool to analyze results from pulsed-dye laser therapy used for pediatric facial vascular malformations, and to determine interrater reliability of our assessment tool in a standard clinical environment without the use of professional photography.

Design: A blinded retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent pulsed-dye laser therapy for treatment of hemangiomas of infancy (HOIs) and port-wine stains.

A randomized controlled trial of fractional laser therapy and dermabrasion for scar resurfacing.

Background: Dermabrasion has been the standard resurfacing procedure for postsurgical scars, but recovery can be long. Fractionated carbon dioxide (CO2 ) laser is a safe, effective tissue resurfacing modality, but no prospective trial has compared its safety or efficacy with that of dermabrasion for postsurgical scar resurfacing.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of single-treatment fractional photothermolysis with that of single-treatment dermabrasion for postsurgical scar resurfacing on the face.

3D analysis of tissue expanders.

This article reviews some of the phenomena associated with tissue expansion that are amenable to study with 3D imaging and presents selected cases from the literature where the technology has been used to answer clinical questions and plan procedures. The authors discuss implant selection, remodeling, contraction, and 3D analysis. Future directions and limitations of the use of this technology in the head and neck are also described.

A comparison of anterior vs posterior isolated mandible fractures treated with intermaxillary fixation screws.

Objective: To compare complication rates after use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) bone screws for anterior (ie, symphyseal/parasymphyseal) and posterior (ie, body and angle) mandible fractures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of isolated mandible fractures treated with intraoperative IMF bone screws at 2 major level 1 trauma centers within the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Minnesota. From January 1, 2003, through January 31, 2006, we accrued 53 patients with 67 isolated mandible fractures treated with intraoperative IMF bone screws.

Assessing fundamental 2-dimensional understanding of basic soft tissue techniques.

Objective: To develop a written practical examination and scoring system for assessing trainee skills in basic soft-tissue techniques.

Design: A brief written practical examination was developed to assess the ability of trainees to sketch preoperative plans and postoperative results for common soft-tissue techniques: simple-excision, M-plasty, geometric broken line closure, Z-plasty, V-to-Y flap, and rhombic flap. A scoring system was developed to assign 0 to 5 points to each of 10 items on the examination for a total score of 0-50.

Osseocartilaginous rib graft rhinoplasty: a stable, predictable technique for major dorsal reconstruction.

Objective: To assess the long-term stability of osseocartilaginous dorsal onlay rib grafts used for augmentation rhinoplasty.

Methods: Patients who had rib grafts used for augmentation rhinoplasty from 2000 through 2009 were assessed for graft viability, graft mobility, graft warping, maintenance of dorsal projection, functional airway status, need for revision surgery, and donor site morbidity. A retrospective cohort study using telephone follow-up was conducted.

Clinical consensus statement: Diagnosis and management of nasal valve compromise.

Objective: To create a clinical consensus statement to address ambiguities and disparities in the diagnosis and management of nasal valve compromise (NVC).

Subjects And Methods: An updated systematic review of the literature was conducted. In addition, a Modified Delphi Method was used to refine expert opinion and facilitate a consensus position.

Comparison of techniques used to support the nasal tip and their long-term effects on tip position.

Objectives: To examine the indications for the use of septal extension grafts, columellar struts, and tongue-and-groove techniques to provide support and set the tip position during rhinoplasty, and to compare the strength of their support and analyze their long-term effects on tip position.

Methods: The medical records and photographs of patients who underwent external septorhinoplasty during a 2-year period were analyzed. Forty patients had photographs from short-term follow-up (<12 weeks) and were included in the study.

Osteotomies.

The most challenging and instrumental step in achieving harmonious form and function during rhinoplasty is the successful completion of osteotomies. Osteotomies are performed to correct deformities of the bony nasal vault. Successful treatment of deformity of the bony vault is achieved through organized thinking, comprehensive knowledge of nasal anatomy, and thorough preoperative and intraoperative planning.