Benchmarking the clinical outcomes of Healthentia SaMD in chronic disease management: a systematic literature review comparison.

Background: Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) and mobile health (mHealth) applications have revolutionized the healthcare landscape in the areas of remote patient monitoring (RPM) and digital therapeutics (DTx). These technological advancements offer a range of benefits, from improved patient engagement and real-time monitoring, to evidence-based personalized treatment plans, risk prediction, and enhanced clinical outcomes.

Objective: The systematic literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the status of SaMD and mHealth apps, highlight the promising results, and discuss what is the potential of these technologies for improving health outcomes.

Prediction of cardiovascular risk factors from retinal fundus photographs: Validation of a deep learning algorithm in a prospective non-interventional study in Kenya.

Aim: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major causes of morbidity and mortality, with growing burdens in low-income countries where they are underdiagnosed and undertreated. Advances in machine learning may provide opportunities to enhance diagnostics in settings with limited medical infrastructure.

Materials And Methods: A non-interventional study was conducted to develop and validate a machine learning algorithm to estimate cardiovascular clinical and laboratory parameters.

Inter-relationships between cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases: Underlying evidence and implications for integrated interdisciplinary care and management.

Cardiovascular, renal and metabolic (CaReMe) diseases are individually among the leading global causes of death, and each is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. However, as these conditions commonly coexist in the same patient, the individual risk of mortality and morbidity is further compounded, leading to a considerable healthcare burden. A number of pathophysiological pathways are common to diseases of the CaReMe spectrum, including neurohormonal dysfunction, visceral adiposity and insulin resistance, oxidative stress and systemic inflammation.

DAPA-HF applicability: the point of view of a cardiology setting.

Randomised clinical trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) reduce the risk of hospitalisation for heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, and mortality in patients with HF, irrespective of the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, real-world epidemiology may differ from clinical trial populations, thereby limiting generalisability and delaying the introduction of novel treatments in clinical practice.The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of DAPA-HF (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure) inclusion criteria in a population of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients enrolled in the Italian Network on Heart Failure (IN-HF) registry.

Considerations when planning and conducting large global observational studies: Experience from the DISCOVER study of patients with type 2 diabetes.

DISCOVER is a global programme of observational research that includes patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy from 38 countries worldwide, including many with little or no previous epidemiological data available. More than 15,000 patients were followed-up for 3 years, and comprehensive data were collected using a standardized electronic case report form at enrolment, and 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. The study has formed the basis for a long-term registry that is intended to expand the geographic and clinical scope of the study and allow data collection beyond 3 years.

Highlights from the 1st European cancer dependency map symposium and workshop.

The systematic identification of tumour vulnerabilities through perturbational experiments on cancer models, including genome editing and drug screens, is playing a crucial role in combating cancer. This collective effort is known as the Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap). The 1st European Cancer Dependency Map Symposium (EuroDepMap), held in Milan last May, featured talks, a roundtable discussion, and a poster session, showcasing the latest discoveries and future challenges related to the DepMap.

HbA1c trajectories over 3 years in people with type 2 diabetes starting second-line glucose-lowering therapy: The prospective global DISCOVER study.

Aim: To identify distinct HbA1c trajectories in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) starting second-line glucose-lowering therapy.

Materials And Methods: DISCOVER was a 3-year observational study of individuals with T2D beginning second-line glucose-lowering therapy. Data were collected at initiation of second-line treatment (baseline) and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months.

Treatment patterns and glycated haemoglobin levels over 36 months in individuals with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy: The global DISCOVER study.

Aims: To describe glucose-lowering treatment regimens and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) over 36 months of follow-up from the start of second-line therapy.

Materials And Methods: This data analysis from the 3-year, observational DISCOVER study programme included 14 687 participants from 37 countries with T2D initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy. Treatment and HbA1c data were collected at baseline (start of second-line therapy) and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months.

All-cause and cardiorenal mortality in 6 million adults with and without type 2 diabetes: A comparative, trend analysis in Canada, Spain, and the UK.

Aims: To understand geographical and temporal patterns in the diabetes gap, the excess mortality risk associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), in three high-income countries.

Methods: Using databases from Canada (Ontario), Spain (Catalonia) and the UK (England), we harmonized the study design and the analytical strategy to extract information on subjects aged over 35 years with incident T2D between 1998 and 2018 matched to up to five subjects without diabetes. We used Poisson models to estimate age-specific mortality trends by diabetes status and rate ratios and rate differences associated with T2D.

Cardiorenal Complications in Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Compared Between White Americans and African Americans.

Objective: To explore risks and associated mediation effects of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) in young- and usual-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) between White Americans (WAs) and African Americans (AAs).

Research Design And Methods: From U.S.

Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Glycemic Measurement and Poor HbA1c Control in People With Type 2 Diabetes: The Global DISCOVER Study.

DISCOVER is a 3-year observational study program of 15,983 people with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy in 38 countries. We investigated the association between socioeconomic status and both the availability of a baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and poor glycemic control (HbA1c level ≥ 9.0%) in participants enrolled in DISCOVER.

Quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes in the 3 years following initiation of second-line therapy: The DISCOVER study.

Aims: To assess changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in DISCOVER, a 3-year, longitudinal, observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes initiating a second-line glucose-lowering therapy.

Methods: HRQoL was assessed using the physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 (score ranges: 0-100; higher denotes better HRQoL) and the Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey II (HFS-II; score range: 0-132 scale; higher indicates greater fear of hypoglycaemia). Latent class growth modelling (LCGM) was used to identify patients with similar score trajectories.

Impact of micro- and macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes on quality of life: Insights from the DISCOVER prospective cohort study.

Background: The key goals of management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are to prolong life and improve quality of life. Micro- and macrovascular complications of T2D not only increase the risk of morbidity and mortality, but cross-sectional studies indicate they may also worsen quality of life. We prospectively examined the association of complications that developed during the follow-up with concurrent changes in quality of life.

Design and rationale of DISCOVER global registry in type 2 diabetes: Real-world insights of treatment patterns and its relationship with cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic multimorbidities.

Aim: The DISCOVER Global Registry (DGR) aims to provide insights into patient attributes and treatment patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seen in clinical practice and understand the patterns and impact of treatment strategies on cardio-renal-metabolic multimorbidities. It aims to augment the real-world evidence base created by the DISCOVER study.

Methods: The ongoing study is a global, prospective, open-source, physician-led registry and involves non-interventional data collection through cloud-based electronic case report form platform from participants with T2DM receiving care as part of routine clinical practice.

Incidence rates and predictors of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: Results from the longitudinal global discover study.

Background: Micro- and macrovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We sought to understand the global incidence rates and predictors of these complications.

Methods: We examined the incidence of vascular complications over 3 years of follow-up in the DISCOVER study-a global, observational study of people with T2D initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy.

Cardiovascular outcomes with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors vs other glucose-lowering drugs in 13 countries across three continents: analysis of CVD-REAL data.

Background: Randomized, controlled cardiovascular outcome trials may not be fully representative of the management of patients with type 2 diabetes across different geographic regions. We conducted analyses of data from the multinational CVD-REAL consortium to determine the association between initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and cardiovascular outcomes, including subgroup analyses based on patient characteristics.

Methods: De-identified health records from 13 countries across three continents were used to identify patients newly-initiated on SGLT-2i or other glucose-lowering drugs (oGLDs).

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating a second-line glucose-lowering therapy: The DISCOVER study.

Aim: To investigate factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) at initiation of second-line glucose-lowering therapy.

Methods: DISCOVER is a 3-year, prospective observational study of patients with T2D initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy, conducted in 38 countries. HRQoL at baseline was assessed using the physical and mental component summary (PCS; MCS) scores of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2) in 31 countries (n = 8309) and the Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey-II (HFS-II) in 23 countries (n = 6516).

Methods and rationale of the DISCOVER CKD global observational study.

Background: Real-world data for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), specifically pertaining to clinical management, metabolic control, treatment patterns, quality of life (QoL) and dietary patterns, are limited. Understanding these gaps using real-world, routine care data will improve our understanding of the challenges and consequences faced by patients with CKD, and will facilitate the long-term goal of improving their management and prognosis.

Methods: DISCOVER CKD follows an enriched hybrid study design, with both retrospective and prospective patient cohorts, integrating primary and secondary data from patients with CKD from China, Italy, Japan, Sweden, the UK and the USA.

Cardiovascular and mortality benefits of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: CVD-Real Catalonia.

Background: Evidence from prospective cardiovascular (CV) outcome trials in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients supports the use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) to reduce the risk of CV events. In this study, we compared the risk of several CV outcomes between new users of SGLT2i and other glucose-lowering drugs (oGLDs) in Catalonia, Spain.

Methods: CVD-REAL Catalonia was a retrospective cohort study using real-world data routinely collected between 2013 and 2016.

When Manual Analysis of 12-Lead ECG Holter Plays a Critical Role in Discovering Unknown Patterns of Increased Arrhythmogenic Risk: A Case Report of a Patient Treated with Tamoxifen and Subsequent Pneumonia in COVID-19.

Several medicines, including cancer therapies, are known to alter the electrophysiological function of ventricular myocytes resulting in abnormal prolongation and dispersion of ventricular repolarization (quantified by multi-lead QTc measurement). This effect could be amplified by other concomitant factors (e.g.

Inappropriate intensification of glucose-lowering treatment in older patients with type 2 diabetes: the global DISCOVER study.

Introduction: Although individualized target glycated hemoglobin (HbA) levels are recommended in older people with type 2 diabetes, studies report high levels of potential overtreatment. We aimed to investigate the proportion of older patients (aged ≥65 years) who potentially received an inappropriately intensive treatment (HbA level <7.0% (53.

Prevalence and progression of chronic kidney disease among patients with type 2 diabetes: Insights from the DISCOVER study.

We report the prevalence and change in severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in DISCOVER, a global, 3-year, prospective, observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy. CKD stages were defined according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Overall, 7843 patients from 35 countries had a baseline serum creatinine measurement.

Association of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors with outcomes in type 2 diabetes with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: Analysis from the CVD-REAL 2 study.

This study of real-world data from the Maccabi database in Israel compared the risk of heart failure hospitalization (HHF) or death in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus other glucose-lowering drugs (OGLDs) according to baseline left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). After propensity-matching patients by baseline EF there were 10 614 episodes of treatment initiation; 57% had diabetes for >10 years, the mean glycated haemoglobin level was 66 mmol/mol (8.2%), ∼43% had cardiovascular disease, ∼7% had heart failure and ∼ 20% had chronic kidney disease.

Type 2 diabetes and heart failure: insights from the global DISCOVER study.

Aims: Heart failure (HF) is increasingly recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the global epidemiology and treatment of HF in T2D are not well defined. This study aimed to examine the global prevalence of HF and the incidence of HF over 3 years of follow-up in patients with T2D [by presence and absence of co-existing coronary artery disease (CAD)].

Methods And Results: DISCOVER was a 3 year, prospective, observational study of T2D patients enrolled at initiation of second-line glucose-lowering therapy.