Ordering of computed tomography scans for head and cervical spine: a qualitative study exploring influences on doctors' decision-making.

Background: Ordering of computed tomography (CT) scans needs to consideration of diagnostic utility as well as resource utilisation and radiation exposure. Several factors influence ordering decisions, including evidence-based clinical decision support tools to rule out serious disease. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore factors influencing Emergency Department (ED) doctors' decisions to order CT of the head or cervical spine.

New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus (NODM) After Liver Transplantation (LT): The Ultimate Non-diabetogenic Immunosuppressive Therapy.

New-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) is a common long-term complication after liver transplantation (LT). It is thought to be drug-induced in most cases, no matter the underlying disease that cause liver failure and indicated transplantation. Standard post-transplantation (PT) immunosuppressive regimens include prolonged use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), namely tacrolimus (TAC), alongside corticosteroids to avoid acute and chronic graft rejection.

Extracellular Matrix: A Treasure Trove in Ovarian Cancer Dissemination and Chemotherapeutic Resistance.

Late presentation and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents make a deadly combination for ovarian cancer patients. The treatment of these patients is thus challenging. This study explores the possible molecular mechanisms by which tumor cells interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, forming metastatic implants and enhancing patients' sensitivity to drugs.

Reinforcement and Compensatory Mechanisms in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychological disorder that causes inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness in patients. Ventral striatal hypo-responsiveness, orbitofrontal cortex, and dopaminergic status in the brain are related to the pathogenesis of ADHD. Reinforcement tasks by monetary incentive delay (MID) was shown to produce more responsiveness in patients.

Effectiveness and sustainability of deprescribing for hospitalized older patients near end of life: a systematic review.

: Polypharmacy is prevalent in hospitals and deprescribing strategies for older people are strongly promoted. However, evidence of their feasibility and sustainability among patients receiving end of life care is lacking. The objective of this review was to ascertain effectiveness and post-discharge sustainability of hospital-initiated deprescribing strategies in older people near the end of life.

How do trainee doctors learn about research? Content analysis of Australian specialist colleges' intended research curricula.

Objectives: Patients do better in research-intense environments. The importance of research is reflected in the accreditation requirements of Australian clinical specialist colleges. The nature of college-mandated research training has not been systematically explored.