Nutritional Support in Malnourished Outpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

(1) Background: The evidence for nutritional support in COPD is almost entirely based on ready-to-drink oral nutritional supplements (ONSs). This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of powdered ONSs alongside individualized dietary counseling in the management of malnutrition. (2) Methods: Malnourished outpatients with COPD were randomized to receive either routine care (Group A: counseling + recommended to purchase powdered ONSs) or an enhanced intervention (Group B: counseling + provision of powdered ONSs at no cost to the patient) for 12 weeks.

Patient-Led, Technology-Assisted Malnutrition Risk Screening in Hospital: A Feasibility Study.

Malnutrition risk screening is crucial to identify at-risk patients in hospitals; however, screening rates can be suboptimal. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and potential cost-effectiveness of patient-led, technology-assisted malnutrition risk screening. A prospective multi-methods study was conducted in a 750-bed public hospital in Australia.

Recovery Focused Nutritional Therapy across the Continuum of Care: Learning from COVID-19.

Targeted nutritional therapy should be started early in severe illness and sustained through to recovery if clinical and patient-centred outcomes are to be optimised. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shone a light on this need. The literature on nutrition and COVID-19 mainly focuses on the importance of nutrition to preserve life and prevent clinical deterioration during the acute phase of illness.

Effectiveness of Tailored Dietary Counseling in Treating Malnourished Outpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is common and associated with poor prognosis. Nutrition interventions are necessary, but there is a lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness of tailored nutrition advice.

Objective: This study investigated whether tailored nutrition counseling could improve dietary intake, nutritional status, functional outcomes, and health-related quality of life (QoL) of malnourished outpatients with COPD.

Nutritional support in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): an evidence update.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) primarily affects the lungs but due to the accompanying chronic systematic inflammation and the symptoms associated with the disease there are many extrapulmonary effects which include complex physical and metabolic adaptations. These changes have been associated with reduced exercise capacity, increased nutritional requirements, altered metabolic processes and compromised nutritional intake. As a result, nutritional depletion in COPD is multi-faceted and can involve imbalances of energy (weight loss), protein (sarcopenia), and periods of markedly increased inflammation (pulmonary cachexia) which can increase nutritional losses.

The association of malnutrition with falls and harm from falls in hospital inpatients: Findings from a 5-year observational study.

Background: Inpatient falls continue to be a significant clinical issue, and while malnutrition is a known risk factors for falls, few studies have investigated its association with inpatient falls. This study aimed to explore the independent association between malnutrition and fall risk as well as harm from falls in hospital inpatients.

Methods: Malnutrition identified in annual malnutrition audits was combined with inpatient fall data captured through the electronic patient incident reporting system in the 12 months following audit days.

Restrictive diets in older malnourished cardiac inpatients: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: Restrictive diets are commonly prescribed to cardiac patients for therapeutic and preventative reasons. However, these are often contraindicated for malnourished, older patients. The present study aimed to explore dietary behaviours of malnourished older cardiac inpatients and identify sources of nutritional information.

Nutritional status, dietary intake, and health-related quality of life in outpatients with COPD.

Background: Malnutrition is common in patients with COPD; however, little is known about its impacts on health-related quality of life (QoL) among patients with COPD. This study aimed to explore the nutritional status and dietary intake among outpatients with COPD in Vietnam and its possible associations with QoL.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in COPD outpatients visiting the COPD management unit at the National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam between May 2017 and July 2017.

Influence of deprivation on health care use, health care costs, and mortality in COPD.

Background And Aim: Deprivation is associated with the incidence of COPD, but its independent impact on clinical outcomes is still relatively unknown. This study aimed to explore the influence of deprivation on health care use, costs, and survival.

Methods: A total of 424 outpatients with COPD were assessed for deprivation across two hospitals.

The pressures of obesity: The relationship between obesity, malnutrition and pressure injuries in hospital inpatients.

Background: Pressure injuries (PI) are a significant clinical problem across all healthcare facilities, associated with poor patient outcomes, increased length of stay and healthcare costs. Whilst it is known that underweight (Body Mass Index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m) and malnourished individuals have an increased risk of developing PI, few studies have investigated the effects of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) and morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m) on PI prevalence.

Economic and operational burden associated with malnutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Malnutrition is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to explore its association with all-cause mortality, emergency hospitalisation and subsequently healthcare costs.

Methods: A prospective cohort observational pilot study was carried out in outpatients with COPD that attended routine respiratory clinics at a large tertiary Australian hospital during 2011.

Relationship between living alone and food and nutrient intake.

The increase in the number of individuals living alone has implications for nutrition and health outcomes. The aim of this review was to investigate whether there is a difference in food and nutrient intake between adults living alone and those living with others. Eight electronic databases were searched, using terms related to living alone, nutrition, food, and socioeconomic factors.

Nutritional support and functional capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Currently, there is confusion about the value of using nutritional support to treat malnutrition and improve functional outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials (RCT) aimed to clarify the effectiveness of nutritional support in improving functional outcomes in COPD. A systematic review identified 12 RCT (n = 448) in stable COPD patients investigating the effects of nutritional support (dietary advice (1 RCT), oral nutritional supplements (10 RCT), enteral tube feeding (1 RCT)) versus control on functional outcomes.

Nutritional support in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy of nutritional support in the management of malnutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is controversial. Previous meta-analyses, based on only cross-sectional analysis at the end of intervention trials, found no evidence of improved outcomes.

Objective: The objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to clarify the efficacy of nutritional support in improving intake, anthropometric measures, and grip strength in stable COPD.