Number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and presence of a subepithelial band in normal colonic mucosa differs according to stainings and evaluation method.

Chronic watery diarrhea is a frequent symptom. In approximately 10% of the patients, a diagnosis of microscopic colitis (MC) is established. The diagnosis relies on specific, but sometimes subtle, histopathological findings.

Long-term inhaled treprostinil for pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease: INCREASE open-label extension study.

Introduction: The 16-week randomised, placebo-controlled INCREASE trial (RCT) met its primary end-point by improving 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in patients receiving inhaled treprostinil for pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease (PH-ILD). The open-label extension (OLE) evaluated long-term effects of inhaled treprostinil in PH-ILD.

Methods: Of 258 eligible patients, 242 enrolled in the INCREASE OLE and received inhaled treprostinil.

Echocardiographic estimate of pulmonary artery pressure in sarcoidosis patients - real world data from a multi-national study.

Introduction: Echocardiographic measurement of the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) is commonly used for estimating systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PASP) measured during right heart catheterization (RHC) in patients suspected for pulmonary hypertension (PH). Generally, there seems to be a strong correlation. However, this has been reported as less robust in sarcoidosis.

Riociguat for Sarcoidosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: Results of a 1-Year Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Riociguat is effective in delaying the time to clinical worsening (TCW) in patients with groups 1 and 4 pulmonary hypertension.

Research Question: Is riociguat more effective than placebo in prolonging TCW in sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH)?

Study Design And Methods: This was a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Patients with SAPH confirmed by right heart catheterization were randomized 1:1 to riociguat or placebo.

Histological disease activity in patients with microscopic colitis is not related to clinical disease activity or long-term prognosis.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is a common cause of chronic watery diarrhea. Biopsies with characteristic histological features are crucial for establishing the diagnosis. The two main subtypes are collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) but incomplete forms exist.

Quantifying intraepithelial lymphocytes and subepithelial collagen band in microscopic colitis, extracting insights into the interrelationship of lymphocytic and collagenous colitis.

Microscopic colitis (MC) is the umbrella term for the conditions termed lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). LC with thickening of the subepithelial collagen band or CC with increased number of intraepithelial T- lymphocytes (IELs) is often seen in MC and may lead to difficulties in correct histological classification. We investigated the extent of overlapping features of CC and LC in 60 cases of MC by measuring the exact thickness of the subepithelial collagen band in Van Gieson stained slides and quantifying number of IELs in CD3 stained slides by digital image analysis.

Inhaled Treprostinil in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Interstitial Lung Disease.

Background: No therapies are currently approved for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in patients with interstitial lung disease. The safety and efficacy of inhaled treprostinil for patients with this condition are unclear.

Methods: We enrolled patients with interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension (documented by right heart catheterization) in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week trial.

Retained visual function in a subset of patients with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD).

: LCHADD causes retinopathy associated with low vision, visual field defects, nyctalopia and myopia. We report a retrospective long-term single-center study of 6 LCHADD patients trying to clarify if early diagnosis has an impact on the course and outcome of chorioretinal degeneration. : Long-term follow-up of visual acuity and staging of chorioretinal degeneration by fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and autofluorescence (AF) in all six patients.

Establishment of a Palliative Care Consultation Service (PCCS) in an Acute Hospital Setting.

: Acute health service requires focused palliative care (PC). This study was performed to provide guidance for the establishment of a palliative care consultation service (PCCS). : This study was conceived as a retrospective single-center study for observing, analyzing and evaluating the initial setup of a PCCS from 1 May 2015 to 31 May 2018.

An investigation of European pathologists' approach to diagnose microscopic colitis.

Microscopic colitis (MC) comprising lymphocytic colitis (LC), collagenous colitis (CC) and the incomplete forms of microscopic colitis (MCi) are frequent causes of chronic watery diarrhea. The diagnosis is based on specific histological features in colonic biopsies. Especially regarding MCi, the histological features may be subtle.

Physiological predictors of survival in patients with sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension: results from an international registry.

Introduction: Sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH) is associated with reduced survival in single-centre studies. The international Registry for SAPH (ReSAPH) with long-term follow-up was established to enrich our knowledge of this complication of sarcoidosis. This analysis aims to elucidate factors associated with reduced transplant-free survival in SAPH patients.

Establishment of digital cutoff values for intraepithelial lymphocytes in biopsies from colonic mucosa with lymphocytic colitis.

Background/introduction: Lymphocytic colitis (LC) and the incomplete form (LCi) are common causes of chronic watery diarrhea. Endoscopy is often inconspicuous, and the diagnosis relies on histopathological assessment of colonic biopsies. Digital Image Analysis (DIA) eliminates interobserver variation.

Is revision of cutoff values needed when using CD3 immunohistochemical staining in histopathologic diagnosis of lymphocytic colitis?

Lymphocytic colitis (LC) and LC incomplete (LCi) are common causes of chronic watery diarrhea. The diagnosis relies on clinical findings and histopathologic evaluation. The diagnostic criteria of LC are based on hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.

Clinical features of sarcoidosis associated pulmonary hypertension: Results of a multi-national registry.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in sarcoidosis. We established a multi-national registry of sarcoidosis associated PH (SAPH) patients.

Methods: Sarcoidosis patients with PH confirmed by right heart catheterization (RHC) were studied.

Microscopic colitis in Denmark and Sweden: incidence, putative risk factors, histological assessment and endoscopic activity.

Objective: The significantly higher incidence rates of microscopic colitis (MC) in Denmark compared to Sweden remains unexplained.

Methods: Consecutive patients with newly diagnosed MC in the neighbouring regions of Skåne in 2011-2015 and Zealand in 2010-2016 were prospectively identified. Data on large bowel endoscopies and biopsies rates were retrieved.

The subtypes of microscopic colitis from a pathologist's perspective: past, present and future.

Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, encompassing a triad of chronic diarrhea, normal endoscopy and characteristic histological findings. MC embraces two histological subtypes described as lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). The diagnostic criteria of MC were established several years ago and the histological description of LC and CC was based almost exclusively on heamatoxylin-eosin (HE) stained sections.

Recommendations for the clinical management of patients receiving macitentan for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): A Delphi consensus document.

In patients treated with macitentan (Opsumit®, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Basel, Switzerland) for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), prevention and/or effective management of treatment-related adverse events may improve adherence. However, management of these adverse events can be challenging and the base of evidence and clinical experience for macitentan is limited.

Giant Basal Cell Carcinomas Express Neuroactive Mediators and Show a High Growth Rate: A Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis of Etiopathogenic and Prognostic Factors.

Background: Giant basal cell carcinomas (GBCCs), (BCC ≥ 5 cm), are often painless, destructive tumors resulting from poorly understood patient neglect.

Objectives: To elucidate etiopathogenic factors distinguishing GBCC from basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and identify predictors for disease-specific death (DSD).

Methods: Case-control study examining clinicopathologic and neuroactive factors (β-endorphin, met-enkephalin, serotonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and neurofilament expression) in GBCC and BCC.

Is age-related failure of metabolic reprogramming a principal mediator in idiopathic Parkinson's disease? Implications for treatment and inverse cancer risk.

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by selective degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and other vulnerable nervous system regions characterized by extensive axonal arborization and intense energy requirements. Systemic age-related depression of mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and depressed expression of genes supporting energy homeostasis is more severe in IPD than normal aging such that energy supply may exceed regional demand. In IPD, the overall risk of malignancy is reduced.

Automated image analysis in the study of collagenous colitis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop an automated image analysis software to measure the thickness of the subepithelial collagenous band in colon biopsies with collagenous colitis (CC) and incomplete CC (CCi). The software measures the thickness of the collagenous band on microscopic slides stained with Van Gieson (VG).

Patients And Methods: A training set consisting of ten biopsies diagnosed as CC, CCi, and normal colon mucosa was used to develop the automated image analysis (VG app) to match the assessment by a pathologist.

The Geriatrics in Primary Care Demonstration: Integrating Comprehensive Geriatric Care into the Medical Home: Preliminary Data.

Three thousand nine hundred thirty-one veterans aged 75 and older receive primary care (PC) in two large practices of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System. Cognitive and functional disabilities are endemic in this group, creating needs that predictably exceed available or appropriate resources. To address this problem, Geriatrics in Primary Care (GPC) embeds geriatric services directly into primary care.

CD3 immunohistochemical staining in diagnosis of lymphocytic colitis.

Microscopic colitis (MC) is a common cause of chronic watery diarrhea. Traditionally, MC encompasses the 2 subgroups lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis, but recently, an additional subgroup, MC incomplete, has been introduced. Distinguishing between the subgroups relies exclusively on histopathologic evaluation.