Publications by authors named "Peter Duke"
Background: Intensive sampling of patients for drugs with complex pharmacokinetic profiles is difficult to perform in the clinic or hospitalized patient setting. We seek to address whether sparse sampling can obtain pharmacokinetic parameter values similar to those with traditional modeling from a post hoc analysis of 2 previous clinical trials.
Objective: This study investigated whether population-guided, sparse-sampling pharmacokinetic analysis of morphine in 14 healthy volunteers allowed for optimal characterization of concentration-time profiles for a validation population of 5 young male patients receiving morphine.
Purpose: Pulmonary dysfunction commonly occurs following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, increasing morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) would improve pulmonary function and would decrease complications in patients undergoing CABG surgery.
Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted with Ethics Board approval.
Background: Antifibrinolytic agents are commonly used during cardiac surgery to minimize bleeding and to reduce exposure to blood products. We sought to determine whether aprotinin was superior to either tranexamic acid or aminocaproic acid in decreasing massive postoperative bleeding and other clinically important consequences.
Methods: In this multicenter, blinded trial, we randomly assigned 2331 high-risk cardiac surgical patients to one of three groups: 781 received aprotinin, 770 received tranexamic acid, and 780 received aminocaproic acid.
Purpose: To establish Canadian guidelines for training in adult perioperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Methods: Guidelines were established by the Canadian Perioperative Echocardiography Group with the support of the cardiovascular section of the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society in conjunction with the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. Guidelines for training in echocardiography by the American Society of Echocardiography, the American College of Cardiology and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists were reviewed, modified and expanded to produce the 2003 Quebec expert consensus for training in perioperative echocardiography.
Purpose: To establish Canadian guidelines for training in adult perioperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Methods: Guidelines were established by the Canadian Perioperative Echocardiography Group with the support of the cardiovascular section of the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society (CAS) in conjunction with the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. Guidelines for training in echocardiography by the American Society of Echocardiography, the American College of Cardiology and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists were reviewed, modified and expanded to produce the 2003 Quebec expert consensus for training in perioperative echocardiography.
Context: Atrial fibrillation is a common, but potentially preventable, complication following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Objectives: To assess the nature and consequences of atrial fibrillation after CABG surgery and to develop a comprehensive risk index that can better identify patients at risk for atrial fibrillation.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective observational study of 4657 patients undergoing CABG surgery between November 1996 and June 2000 at 70 centers located within 17 countries, selected using a systematic sampling technique.
Objective: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 provides analgesia in ambulatory patients. We prospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of a newly introduced cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery through a median sternotomy in a randomized clinical trial.
Methods: A total of 462 patients with New York Heart Association classes I to III who were less than 77 years of age and were from 58 institutions in the United States, Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom participated in this multicenter, phase III, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial.
Purpose: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a useful diagnostic and monitoring tool in the operating room. In the United States, an increasing number of centres are training anesthesiologists to preform intraoperative TEE. In Canada, TEE has been slow to gain acceptance as an intraoperative monitor and little information is available on its use by the anesthesiologists across the country.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the effect of a short period of mechanical ventilation (3 hours) versus immediate extubation (within 1 hour of surgery) on pulmonary function, gas exchange, and pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Design: Prospective randomized study.
Setting: University teaching hospital.