Publications by authors named "Peter Chen"

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the tumorigenic role and regulatory pathways of peptidyl arginine deiminase 2 (PAD-2) in A549 lung cancer cells following treatment with small interfering RNA (PADI-2 siRNA) or the pharmacological pan-PAD inhibitor BB-Cl amidine.

Materials And Methods: A549 lung cancer cells were treated with PADI-2 siRNA to knock down PADI-2 expression or with BB-Cl amidine to inhibit PAD2 activity. The effects on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle phases were assessed.

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Importance: Classification of persons with long COVID (LC) or post-COVID-19 condition must encompass the complexity and heterogeneity of the condition. Iterative refinement of the classification index for research is needed to incorporate newly available data as the field rapidly evolves.

Objective: To update the 2023 research index for adults with LC using additional participant data from the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER-Adult) study and an expanded symptom list based on input from patient communities.

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Purpose: To present long-term toxicity and effectiveness outcomes of three prostate high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy schedules: 38 Gy in 4 fractions, 24 Gy in 2 fractions, and 27 Gy in 2 fractions for men with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: Patients treated with HDR brachytherapy monotherapy for prostate cancer were identified in a prospectively maintained, single institution database. Patients with AJCC T-stage ≤ T2b, Gleason score ≤ 7, prostate-specific antigen level ≤ 20 ng/mL, and ≥2 years of follow-up were included.

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Methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) supported on AlO or SiO-AlO is an efficient heterogeneous alkene metathesis catalyst that works at room temperature and tolerates various functional groups. Surface studies found that MTO interacts with highly Lewis-acidic aluminum centers and that its methyl group is probably C-H activated resulting in rhenium-methylidene species. The exact structure of the catalyst resting state and the active species is subject to scientific debate.

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Background: Plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-3 (DPP3) and renin levels are associated with organ dysfunction and mortality. However, whether these biomarkers are associated with the subsequent onset of shock in at-risk patients is unknown.

Methods: Using plasma samples collected from participants enrolled in the fourth Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines Host Tissue platform trial, we measured DPP3 and renin in 184 subjects hospitalized with acute hypoxemia from COVID-19 without baseline vasopressor requirement.

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We report a case of unilateral serous choroidal effusion in a patient without prior glaucoma surgeries that developed within 1 week of starting topical dorzolamide. A Caucasian female in her 60s with a history of severe primary open-angle glaucoma in the left eye without prior glaucoma surgeries developed irritation and subsequently blurry vision in her left eye within 1 week of starting topical dorzolamide 2% in the left eye only. Funduscopic exam and B-scan ultrasound demonstrated a serous choroidal effusion in the nasal and temporal periphery.

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Article Synopsis
  • Workplace violence poses a significant risk to nursing staff in healthcare settings, necessitating the development of protective skills to handle conflicts with patients.
  • A study involving 21 nurses identified four common scenarios of workplace violence: unreasonable requests, caring for high-risk patients, prolonged waiting times, and close patient proximity.
  • The research highlighted the importance of communication, interpersonal skills, and problem-solving abilities in managing these conflicts, suggesting the design of training programs tailored to different violent scenarios.
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Protein cavities often rely on the paramagnetic metal present in their active site in order to catalyse various chemical transformations in biology. The selective detection and identification of the substrate is of fundamental importance in environmental monitoring and biological studies. Herein, a covalently linked Fe(iii)porphyrin dimer-based paramagnetic sensory cavity has been devised for the accurate detection and simultaneous identification of phenol (substrate) binding within the cavity that provides a unique spectroscopic signature with valuable structural and environmental information.

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal chronic lung disease characterized by aberrant intercellular communication, extracellular matrix deposition, and destruction of functional lung tissue. While extracellular vesicles (EVs) accumulate in the IPF lung, their cargo and biological effects remain unclear. We interrogated the proteome of EV and non-EV fractions during pulmonary fibrosis and characterized their contribution to fibrosis.

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Avocado-derived polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (PFAs), such as avocadene and avocadyne, have been recently identified as potent modulators of mitochondrial metabolism which selectively induce leukemia cell death and reverse pathologies associated with diet-induced obesity. However, avocadene and avocadyne bioaccessibility from avocado pulp is not reported; hence, this study aims to investigate if these PFAs are bioaccessible. Dynamic (TNO dynamic intestinal model-1 (TIM-1)) and static in vitro digestion of lyophilized Hass avocado pulp powder shows lipolytic gastrointestinal enzymes led to appreciable bioaccessibility of avocadene (55%) and avocadyne (50%).

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A leading cause of mortality after influenza infection is the development of a secondary bacterial pneumonia. In the absence of a bacterial superinfection, prescribing antibacterial therapies is not indicated but has become a common clinical practice for those presenting with a respiratory viral illness. In a murine model, we found that antibiotic use during influenza infection impaired the lung innate immunologic defenses toward a secondary challenge with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

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Cryogenic ion vibrational predissociation (CIVP) spectroscopy is an established and valuable technique for molecular elucidation in the gas phase. CIVP relies on tunable lasers, wherein among typical laser schemes, the application of mid-infrared continuous-wave quantum cascade laser (cw-QCL) is the most robust and elegant solution, as we have recently demonstrated. However, potential challenges arise from an inhomogeneous character across laser power tuning curves.

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The long-term physiological consequences of respiratory viral infections, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic-termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC)-are rapidly evolving into a major public health concern. While the cellular and molecular aetiologies of these sequelae are poorly defined, increasing evidence implicates abnormal immune responses and/or impaired organ recovery after infection. However, the precise mechanisms that link these processes in the context of PASC remain unclear.

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Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease driven by cytokine dysregulation resulting in hair loss, and recent data suggests inflammation may be occurring systemically. This systemic increase in inflammatory cytokines may increase the incidence of thrombotic events, including deep vein thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism. As the use of JAK inhibitors for AA becomes more common, it is important to further investigate this potential relationship to prevent exacerbation of such events.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to identify clinical laboratory markers associated with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) due to a lack of validated biomarkers.
  • Conducted with 10,094 participants across 83 sites, the research compared laboratory measures between those with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and analyzed the impact of PASC indices on these measures.
  • Results showed participants with prior infection had lower platelet counts and higher levels of hemoglobin A and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, but these differences were minor and not significant among those with PASC.
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Three cyano-coordinated cobalt porphyrin dimers were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. The X-ray structure of the complexes reveals that cyanide binds in a terminal fashion in both the and isomers of ethane- and ethylene-bridged cobalt porphyrin dimers, while in the ethylene-bridged dimer, cyanides bind in both terminal and bridging modes. The nonconjugated ethane-bridged complex stabilizes exclusively a diamagnetic metal-centered oxidation of type Co(por)(CN) both in the solid and in solution.

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Objective: Approximately 40% of adults living with HIV experience cognitive deficits. Little is known about the risk factors for cognitive impairment and its association with myelin content in young adults living with perinatally acquired HIV (YApHIV), which is assessed in our cross-sectional study.

Design: A prospective, observational cohort study.

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Article Synopsis
  • * An analysis of 442 work injury cases from 2012 to 2020 was conducted, using statistical methods to assess differences between actual data, SWIM predictions, and case manager estimates, revealing moderate reliability in predicting sick leave but a lack of agreement on permanent disability.
  • * Results indicate that while SWIM can replicate sick leave predictions of a case manager with about 4 years of experience, its generalizability is limited by the small number of case managers studied, representing an advancement in
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The composition of extracellular matrix (ECM) is altered during pathologic scarring in damaged organs including the lung. One major change in the ECM involves the cross-linking of collagen, which promotes fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation. We examined the role of lysyl oxidase (LOX)-like 2 in lung progenitors and fibroblasts cultured from normal or IPF lung samples and in a humanized mouse model of IPF using a monoclonal antibody (Simtuzumab).

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Over the past few years, monocular depth estimation and completion have been paid more and more attention from the computer vision community because of their widespread applications. In this paper, we introduce novel physics (geometry)-driven deep learning frameworks for these two tasks by assuming that 3D scenes are constituted with piece-wise planes. Instead of directly estimating the depth map or completing the sparse depth map, we propose to estimate the surface normal and plane-to-origin distance maps or complete the sparse surface normal and distance maps as intermediate outputs.

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Background And Objectives: The prevalence of Alzheimer dementia in the US Latino population in 2060 is projected to increase 7-fold, the highest among any other major ethnic/racial group. One vital question is how clinicians can tailor their care for Latinos. Given this rapidly growing prevalence, we sought to characterize the experiences and perspectives of Latino caregivers by analyzing interview data from both caregivers and experienced providers that specifically work with Latino populations.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin condition linked to androgen levels, while polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) also involves high androgens, with past studies showing a connection between the two conditions.
  • This study examined the relationship between HS and PCOS, considering socioeconomic status (SES) as a potential influencing factor that previous studies overlooked.
  • Analysis of data from the All of Us database revealed that female HS patients had significantly higher rates of PCOS (8.8% vs. 4.3% in controls), with HS patients having a 1.34 to 2.17 times greater chance of having PCOS, even after adjusting for other medical conditions and SES
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