Effectiveness of an anti-inflammatory diet versus low-fat diet for knee osteoarthritis: the FEAST randomised controlled trial protocol.

Introduction: Chronic inflammation plays a key role in knee osteoarthritis pathophysiology and increases risk of comorbidities, yet most interventions do not typically target inflammation. Our study will investigate if an anti-inflammatory dietary programme is superior to a standard care low-fat dietary programme for improving knee pain, function and quality-of-life in people with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods And Analysis: The eFEct of an Anti-inflammatory diet for knee oSTeoarthritis study is a parallel-group, assessor-blinded, superiority randomised controlled trial.

Effectiveness of Technology-Enabled, Low Carbohydrate Dietary Interventions, in the Prevention or Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomised Controlled and Non-Randomised Trials.

Evidence suggests that low carbohydrate dietary (LCD) approaches can improve glycaemic control and may result in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission. This systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to assess the effectiveness of technology-enabled LCD interventions in the management of people with prediabetes or T2DM. Data sources included Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science.

Effectiveness of a Digitally Delivered Continuous Care Intervention (Defeat Diabetes) on Type 2 Diabetes Outcomes: A 12-Month Single-Arm, Pre-Post Intervention Study.

Low-carbohydrate dietary approaches can lead to improvements in blood glucose levels and weight loss, as well as a reduction and/or cessation in medication use in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent technological advances have led to the development of health-related applications (apps), including a high proportion dedicated to the management of diabetes. The Defeat Diabetes Program is a smartphone- and web-based app that provides guidance on a low-carbohydrate dietary approach for T2D and was designed to be used in conjunction with standard care in the medical management of T2D.

An anti-inflammatory diet intervention for knee osteoarthritis: a feasibility study.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis has an inflammatory component that is linked to pain and joint pathology, yet common non-surgical and non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., exercise, calorie restricting diets) do not typically target inflammation.

Contact-Related Strain of Quadratus Femoris, Obturator Externus, and Inferior Gemellus in an Australian Football Player: A Case Report.

Context: Muscle injuries of the hip stabilizers are considered rare in sport.

Objective: This report presents a previously unreported case of a contact injury resulting in acute strain of quadratus femoris, obturator externus, and inferior gemellus in an amateur Australian rules football player.

Design: Level 4-case report.

Connective tissue injury in calf muscle tears and return to play: MRI correlation.

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess a group of patients with calf muscle tears and evaluate the integrity of the connective tissue boundaries and interfaces. Further, we propose a novel MRI grading system based on integrity of the connective tissue and assess any correlation between the grading score and time to return to play. We have also reviewed the anatomy of the calf muscles.

Distal Musculotendinous T Junction Injuries of the Biceps Femoris: An MRI Case Review.

Background: Injury to the distal musculotendinous T junction (DMTJ) of the biceps femoris is a distinct clinical entity that behaves differently from other hamstring injuries due to its complex, multicomponent anatomy and dual innervation. Injury in this region demonstrates a particularly high rate of recurrence, even with prolonged rehabilitation times.

Purpose: To describe the anatomy of the DMTJ of the biceps femoris and analyze the injury patterns seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to aid prognosis and rehabilitation and minimize the risk of recurrence.

'Serious thigh muscle strains': beware the intramuscular tendon which plays an important role in difficult hamstring and quadriceps muscle strains.

Why do some hamstring and quadriceps strains take much longer to repair than others? Which injuries are more prone to recurrence? Intramuscular tendon injuries have received little attention as an element in 'muscle strain'. In thigh muscles, such as rectus femoris and biceps femoris, the attached tendon extends for a significant distance within the muscle belly. While the pathology of most muscle injures occurs at a musculotendinous junction, at first glance the athlete appears to report pain within a muscle belly.

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with non-contact injury in adult pace bowlers: a systematic review protocol.

Review Question/objective: Review question: which extrinsic and intrinsic factors are associated with non-contact injury in adult cricket pace bowlers?Review objective: the objective of this review is to determine the extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with non-contact injury in adult pace bowlers.

Background: Cricket is generally considered to be a sport of low injury risk compared to other sports. In cricket, the pace bowler strives towards the adoption of a bowling technique with a relatively low injury threat that will, at the same time, allow for a fast (>120km/hr) and accurate delivery to the opposing batsman.

Which Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors are Associated with Non-Contact Injuries in Adult Cricket Fast Bowlers?

Background: The high prevalence of injury amongst cricket fast bowlers exposes a great need for research into the risk factors associated with injury. Both extrinsic (environment-related) and intrinsic (person-related) risk factors are likely to be implicated within the high prevalence of non-contact injury amongst fast bowlers in cricket. Identifying and defining the relative importance of these risk factors is necessary in order to optimize injury prevention efforts.

Hamstring injuries: prevention and treatment-an update.

Despite increased knowledge of hamstring muscle injuries, the incidence has not diminished. We now know that not all hamstring injuries are the same and that certain types of injuries require prolonged rehabilitation and return to play. The slow stretch type of injury and injuries involving the central tendon both require longer times to return to play.

Cricket fast bowling workload patterns as risk factors for tendon, muscle, bone and joint injuries.

Objective: To assess workload-related risk factors for injuries to particular tissue types in cricket fast bowlers.

Design: 235 fast bowlers who bowled in 14600 player innings over a period of 15 years were followed in a prospective cohort risk factor study to compare overs bowled in each match (including preceding workload patterns) and injury risk in the 3-4 weeks subsequent to the match. Injuries were categorised according to the affected tissue type as either: bone stress, tendon injuries, muscle strain or joint injuries.

Fast bowling match workloads over 5-26 days and risk of injury in the following month.

Objectives: This study examined whether high match fast bowling workloads in the short to medium term were associated with increased bowling injury rates.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Over a 15 year period, workload patterns for 235 individual fast bowlers during time periods from 5 to 26 days were examined to consider whether there was an increased injury rate during the month (28 days) subsequent to the workload.

Recurrent hamstring muscle injury: applying the limited evidence in the professional football setting with a seven-point programme.

Recurrent hamstring injuries are a major problem in sports such as football. The aim of this paper was to use a clinical example to describe a treatment strategy for the management of recurrent hamstring injuries and examine the evidence for each intervention. A professional footballer sustained five hamstring injuries in a relatively short period of time.

Seasonal variation in vitamin D status in professional soccer players of the English Premier League.

The prevalence of seasonal variation in vitamin D status was examined in 20 FA Premier League soccer players residing at a latitude of 53°N. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels decreased (P < 0.001) between August (104.

Sports ankle injuries - assessment and management.

Background: Sports ankle injuries present commonly in the general practice setting. The majority of these injuries are inversion and plantar flexion injuries that result in damage to the lateral ligament complex.

Objective: The aim of this article is to review the assessment and management of sports ankle injuries in the general practice setting.

Natural history of concussion in sport: markers of severity and implications for management.

Background: Evidence-based clinical data are required for safe return to play after concussion in sport.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to describe the natural history of concussion in sport and identify clinical features associated with more severe concussive injury, using return-to-sport decisions as a surrogate measure of injury severity.

Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 3.

The macroscopic arthroscopic anatomy of the infrapatellar fat pad.

Purpose: Our purpose was to define the macroscopic anatomy of the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) when viewed at arthroscopy and to document the common variations.

Methods: Ninety-six consecutive patients between 8 and 50 years of age with no previous knee surgery or fat pad pathology underwent arthroscopic examination of the knee. The fat pad of each patient was observed and described regarding size, color, consistency, and the presence of lobules, villous synovium, and lingulae.