Evaluation of Modified Frailty Index for Predicting Postoperative Outcomes after Upper Extremity Replantation and Revascularization Procedures.

Background:  Upper extremity (UE) replantation and revascularization are challenging surgical procedures, with survival rates being 50 to 90%. Preoperative risk stratification is challenging yet crucial as patients with comorbid conditions face increased complications. This study assesses the predictive value of the modified 5-item frailty index (5-mFI) for postoperative complications in these procedures.

Associations Between Perceived Discrimination, Screening Mammography, and Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis: A Prospective Cohort Analysis.

Background: Despite higher breast cancer screening rates, black women still are more likely to have late-stage disease diagnosed. This disparity is influenced in part by structural and interpersonal racism. This prospective study sought to determine how interpersonal factors, including perceived discrimination, influence screening and stage of disease at diagnosis.

The association between perioperative opioids and breast cancer recurrence: a narrative review of the literature.

Background And Objective: Opioid use disorder is an evolving crisis, and 17.2% of postsurgical patients continue to fill an opioid prescription one year after surgery. Preclinical studies suggest perioperative opioid use, defined here as opioids used in the setting of operative pain, may be linked to inferior oncologic outcomes.

A Multi-institutional Analysis of Factors Influencing the Rate of Positive MRI Biopsy Among Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Background: The use of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) is increasing, but its utility in detecting additional malignancy is unclear and delays surgical management (Jatoi and Benson in Future Oncol 9:347-353, 2013. https://doi.org/10.

General surgery textbooks and surgical disparities.

Introduction: Some academic textbooks have previously disseminated simplistic or even incorrect conceptions of race. Propagation of such ideas in General Surgery could contribute to gaps in quality of care received by minority patients. This study aims to determine whether General Surgery textbooks provide a thorough understanding of racial disparities.

Associations with daily opioid use during hospitalization following lumbar fusion: A contemporary cohort study.

Background: Predicting opioid use after lumbar spine fusion remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to identify clinical and demographic parameters that could be associated with opioid use trends during hospitalization after lumbar spine fusion.

Methods: A cohort study of prospective data for all lumbar fusions performed by single surgeon for an 18-month period from 2019 to 2020 was conducted.

The Association of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) With Surgical Management in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Introduction: The rate of mastectomy in lumpectomy-eligible patients with unilateral breast cancer is increasing. We sought to investigate the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical management of patients with early-stage breast cancer by comparing the rate of mastectomy as first surgery in patients with and without preoperative MRI.

Methods: A bi-institutional retrospective study included patients diagnosed between 2016 and 2020.

Using Smartphone-Based Accelerometer Data to Objectively Assess Outcomes in Spine Surgery.

Background: In order to deliver optimal patient care, spine surgeons must integrate technological changes to arrive at novel measures of functional outcomes. Historically, subjective patient-reported outcome (PRO) surveys have been used to determine the relative benefit of surgical treatments. Using smartphone-based accelerometers, surgeons now have the ability to arrive at objective outcome metrics.

Patient Participation With a Mobile Phone Application for Objective Activity Assessment Before and After Spinal Fusion.

Background  Evolution within spine surgery is driven by a surgeon's desire for expertise and significant improvement in their patients' quality of life. As surgeons move away from using subjective patient-reported outcome (PRO) surveys, there must be an alternative objective metric in its place. Modern iPhone (Apple Inc.

Using Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Computer Adaptive Testing Domains to Investigate the Impact of Obesity on Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Mental Health in Sports Medicine Patients.

Background: While obesity has become an increasingly prevalent health concern in the United States, little emphasis has been placed on utilizing patient reported outcome measures (PROM) to investigate its impact on life from the patients' perspective. The purpose of the study was to determine the association between patients' body mass index (BMI) and three Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) computer adaptive test scores: upper extremity physical function (UE) or lower extremity physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), and depression (D).

Methods: Patients were recruited from two sports medicine orthopedic surgery clinics.

Fatigue Increases Dynamic Knee Valgus in Youth Athletes: Results From a Field-Based Drop-Jump Test.

Purpose: To determine whether fatigue increases dynamic knee valgus in adolescent athletes, as measured after a standardized exercise protocol and video-based drop-jump test. A secondary aim was to determine whether individual risk factors place certain athletes at increased risk for dynamic knee valgus.

Methods: Athletes aged 14 to 18 years were recruited for this video analysis study.

Predictors of elbow torque among professional baseball pitchers.

Background: Overuse injuries of the shoulder and elbow continue to be prevalent in elite baseball pitchers. Pitch velocity has been shown to impact medial elbow torque in adolescent baseball pitchers. However, the determinants of medial elbow torque in professional baseball pitchers are not known.

Impact of Patient Demographic Factors on Preoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Depression Computer Adaptive Testing Scores in Patients Undergoing Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.

Background: There has been a growing emphasis in orthopaedics on providing patient-centered care. The US National Institutes of Health launched the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) initiative that incorporates patient-reported outcome measures across a number of medical domains. The relationship between PROMIS domains and the impact of patient demographic factors in those undergoing upper extremity surgery remains unclear.

The Remote Completion Rate of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Forms Before Scheduled Clinic Visits-A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Computer Adaptive Test Questionnaires.

Introduction: Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaires are amenable to remote administration. This study sought to determine remote completion rates of PROMIS questionnaires before clinic visits.

Methods: Patients were e-mailed a set of PROMIS forms.

Correlation of PROMIS Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Depression in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients in the Ambulatory Sports Medicine Clinic.

Background: Recently, interest has increased in incorporating the National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) outcomes into clinical and research applications in sports medicine. The PROMIS forms have not been studied in pediatric and adolescent sports medicine patients.

Purpose/hypothesis: The goal of this study was to determine the correlation between PROMIS Computer Adaptive Test (CAT) forms measuring physical function, pain interference, and depression in pediatric and adolescent patients seen in the ambulatory sports medicine clinic.

Feasibility of PROMIS CAT Administration in the Ambulatory Sports Medicine Clinic With Respect to Cost and Patient Compliance: A Single-Surgeon Experience.

Background: Pay-for-performance reimbursement models are becoming increasingly popular, but the implementation of a routine patient-reported outcome (PRO) collection system places additional burden on both the patient and the provider. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) was developed in an effort to make PRO collection more practical and efficient, but providers may be reluctant to embrace a transition to a PROMIS-based clinical outcome registry.

Hypothesis: PROMIS can be successfully incorporated into daily clinical practice, with an overall patient compliance rate of 80%.

How Long Does It Take for Patients to Complete PROMIS Scores?: An Assessment of PROMIS CAT Questionnaires Administered at an Ambulatory Sports Medicine Clinic.

Background: Challenges exist in routinely collecting patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from patients at a busy ambulatory clinic. A number of validated Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) subdomains allow for efficient PRO administration.

Purpose: To determine the time to completion (TTC) of 3 PROMIS computer adaptive test (CAT) scores.

Wnt5a promotes Frizzled-4 signalosome assembly by stabilizing cysteine-rich domain dimerization.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated when extracellular Wnt ligands bind Frizzled (FZD) receptors at the cell membrane. Wnts bind FZD cysteine-rich domains (CRDs) with high affinity through a palmitoylated N-terminal "thumb" and a disulfide-stabilized C-terminal "index finger," yet how these binding events trigger receptor activation and intracellular signaling remains unclear. Here we report the crystal structure of the Frizzled-4 (FZD) CRD in complex with palmitoleic acid, which reveals a CRD tetramer consisting of two cross-braced CRD dimers.