Prevention of Stroke in Intracerebral Haemorrhage Survivors with Atrial Fibrillation: Rationale and Design for PRESTIGE-AF Trial.

Adequate secondary prevention in survivors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who also have atrial fibrillation (AF) is a long-standing clinical dilemma because these patients are at increased risk of recurrent ICH as well as of ischemic stroke. The efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulation, the standard preventive medication for ischemic stroke patients with AF, in ICH patients with AF are uncertain. PRESTIGE-AF is an international, phase 3b, multi-center, randomized, open, blinded end-point assessment (PROBE) clinical trial that compared the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with no DOAC (either no antithrombotic treatment or any antiplatelet drug).

Risk of stroke in male and female patients with atrial fibrillation in a nationwide cohort.

Female sex has been suggested as a risk modifier for stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with comorbid prevalent stroke risk factors. Management has evolved over time towards a holistic approach that may have diminished any sex difference in AF-related stroke. In a nationwide cohort of AF patients free from oral anticoagulant treatment, we examine the time trends in stroke risk overall and in relation to risk differences between male and female patients.

Positive predictive value and sensitivity of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Register.

Introduction: Hospital discharge diagnoses from administrative registries are frequently used in studies of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, but the validity of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for identifying such events is unknown.

Materials And Methods: Using patient samples from the Danish National Patient Register, we calculated positive predictive values (PPV), i.e.

Cardiovascular Risk in Young Patients Diagnosed With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: In older adults, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with several cardiovascular complications. Whether young patients diagnosed with OSA also are at higher risk of developing subsequent cardiovascular disease is uncertain. We aimed to estimate the risk of developing an incident cardiovascular event among young patients diagnosed with OSA.

Adherence and Persistence to Antiplatelet Therapy in Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Danish Population Based Cohort Study.

Objective: Adherence to antiplatelet therapy is recommended but unexplored in patients with symptomatic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Therefore, this study aimed to determine adherence and persistence to antiplatelet therapy in patients with PAD, defined as intermittent claudication and chronic limb threatening ischaemia.

Design: Population based nationwide cohort study.

Net Clinical Benefit of Oral Anticoagulation Among Frail Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Frail people with atrial fibrillation are often undertreated with oral anticoagulants (OACs), and evidence for the net clinical benefit (NCB) of OAC is sparse. We, therefore, examined the risk of thromboembolic events, major bleeding, and NCB of anticoagulation treatment.

Methods: This was a nationwide cohort study including frail patients aged with incident atrial fibrillation between 2013 and 2018.

Effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulation vs. warfarin in frail patients with atrial fibrillation.

Aims: Although frail patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) carry a high risk of stroke and treatment-related bleeding complications, evidence for the safety and effectiveness of anticoagulation remains sparse. This study investigated the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) vs. warfarin in frail AF patients.

Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Without Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Disease.

Importance: Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm have a high risk of ischemic events associated with concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and current clinical practice guidelines recommend antiplatelet therapy to mitigate this risk. However, in patients with aneurysms without symptomatic atherosclerosis, the benefit of antiplatelet therapy has been sparsely investigated.

Objective: To estimate the effect of antiplatelets on the risk of ischemic events and bleeding in individuals with abdominal aneurysms with no symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Risk of recurrent cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: Predictive factors for recurrent cancer-associated venous thromboembolism have been inconsistent across previous studies. To provide data for improved risk stratification, we described the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism overall and across age, sex, calendar period, cancer type, Ottawa risk score, cancer stage, and cancer treatment in a nationwide cohort of patients with active cancer.

Methods: Using Danish administrative registries, we identified a cohort of all adult patients with active cancer and a first-time diagnosis of venous thromboembolism during 2003-2018.

Epidemiological Trends and Projections of Incidence, Prevalence, and Disease Related Mortality Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease: Observations Using Nationwide Danish Data.

Objective: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) trends remain unclear because contemporary data are sparse and conflicting. This nationwide cohort study quantified changes in PAD incidence, prevalence, and all cause mortality, and projected prevalence development through to 2040.

Methods: Population based registries covering the entire Danish population aged ≥ 40 years from 2000 to 2018 were linked to assess trends in PAD incidence, prevalence, and all cause mortality, overall and by sex and age groups.

Incidence of venous thromboembolism following head and neck surgery.

Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgery, but conflicting data exist on VTE risk in patients undergoing head and neck surgery for malignant and non-malignant conditions. Our aim was to examine the risk of VTE among patients with and without cancer undergoing head and neck surgery.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study to examine the risk of VTE among patients with an otolaryngological diagnosis using data from the Danish National Patient Register between 2010 and 2018.

Positive Predictive Value of Non-Traumatic Bleeding Diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Register.

Purpose: The majority of bleeding diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Registry have not been validated despite extensive use in epidemiological research. Therefore, we examined the positive predictive value (PPV) of non-traumatic bleeding diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Registry.

Study Design: Population-based validation study.

Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation.

Objective:  We investigated the association between new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) and risk of stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysmal (AAA) disease.

Methods:  Observational crossover study using Danish nationwide data, including patients with AAA and incident AF between 1997 and 2018. We estimated the 1-year risk of stroke and MI and the within-individual odds ratios (ORs) of ischemic events before and after an AF diagnosis, stratified by year of AF diagnosis (1997-2010 and 2011-2018), and supplemented with analyses on changes in use of antithrombotic therapy.

Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Selected Subgroups of Men: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study.

 Although men are considered at high risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), sex-specific data on prognostic factors are lacking. We estimated the cumulative recurrence risks associated with clinical characteristics and comorbidities known or suspected to be associated with the development of VTE recurrence: major surgery, trauma, history of cancer, rheumatic disorder, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, chronic renal disease, varicose veins, alcohol-related diseases, and arterial hypertension.  We linked nationwide Danish health registries to identify all incident VTE in- and outpatients in men from 2008 through 2018.

Long-Term Management of Pulmonary Embolism: A Review of Consequences, Treatment, and Rehabilitation.

The concept of pulmonary embolism is evolving. Recent and emerging evidence on the treatment of specific patient populations, its secondary prevention, long-term complications, and the unmet need for rehabilitation has the potential to change clinical practice for the benefit of the patients. This review discusses the recent evidence from clinical trials, observational studies, and guidelines focusing on anticoagulation treatment, rehabilitation, emotional stress, quality of life, and the associated outcomes for patients with pulmonary embolism.

The Khorana score and venous and arterial thrombosis in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A Danish cohort study.

Background: Thrombosis is common among patients with cancer. Primary thromboprophylaxis guided by the Khorana score is endorsed by guidelines but recommendations rely mainly on data from patients treated with chemotherapy.

Objectives: To explore if the Khorana score could risk stratify patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors according to risk of venous and arterial thrombosis.

Temporal trends in abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease: a nationwide cohort study on cardiovascular morbidity and medical cardioprotective therapy.

Aims: Abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and death, which potentially can be reduced with cardioprotective medical therapy. The aim of this study was to observe temporal trends in prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular comorbidity as well as use of medical cardioprotective treatment in patients diagnosed with abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease.

Methods And Results: This was a population-based cohort study based on data from national health registries, including all patients diagnosed with abdominal aortic aneurysms between 1998 and 2018.

Thromboembolic Risk in Patients With Pneumonia and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Not Receiving Anticoagulation Therapy.

Importance: New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) is commonly reported in patients with severe infections. However, the absolute risk of thromboembolic events without anticoagulation remains unknown.

Objective: To investigate the thromboembolic risks associated with AF in patients with pneumonia, assess the risk of recurrent AF, and examine the association of initiation of anticoagulation therapy with new-onset AF.

Risk of Cerebrovascular Events in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Survivors With Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: In patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and prevalent atrial fibrillation (AF), the optimal stroke prevention strategy is unclear. We sought to estimate the risk of cerebrovascular events among ICH survivors with AF.

Methods: We used the Danish Stroke Registry to identify patients with incident ICH and prevalent AF between 2003 and 2018.

Disparities in oral anticoagulation initiation in patients with schizophrenia and atrial fibrillation: A nationwide cohort study.

Aims: Schizophrenia is associated with poor anticoagulation control and clinical prognosis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Little is known about initiation of oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC) in this patient population.

Methods: In the nationwide Danish health registries, we identified all patients with incident AF and schizophrenia with indication for OAC treatment.

Oral anti-coagulant treatment patterns in atrial fibrillation patients diagnosed with cancer: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Data on the use of oral anti-coagulants (OAC) for stroke prevention in cancer patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are sparse. Nationwide cohort study of patients with AF (2012-2018) and an indication for OAC who were diagnosed with cancer at least one year later (N = 12 756). We identified treatment with OAC at cancer diagnosis and the following year and described the incidence of discontinuing or switching between warfarin and direct oral anti-coagulants (DOACs).

Hematuria in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation and urologic cancer.

Background: Based on their renal excretion, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may increase the risk of hematuria in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and urologic cancer compared with vitamin K antagonists.

Objectives: To examine the risk of bleeding associated with DOAC versus warfarin in patients with AF and urologic cancer.

Methods: We conducted a Danish nationwide cohort study with individually linked registry data on patients with AF and active or a history of urologic cancer.