The effect of concurrent bandwidth feedback on learning the lane-keeping task in a driving simulator.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether concurrent bandwidth feedback improves learning of the lane-keeping task in a driving simulator.

Background: Previous research suggests that bandwidth feedback improves learning and that off-target feedback is superior to on-target feedback. This study aimed to extend these findings for the lane-keeping task.

The anatomy of the thoracic spinal canal in different postures: a magnetic resonance imaging investigation.

Background And Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate,with magnetic resonance imaging, the human anatomic positions of the spinal canal (eg, spinal cord, thecal tissue) in various postures and identify possible implications from different patient positioning for neuraxial anesthetic practice.

Method: Nine volunteers underwent magnetic resonance imaging in supine, laterally recumbent, and sitting (head-down) positions. Axial and sagittal slices of the thoracic and lumbar spine were measured for the relative distances between anatomic structures, including dura mater and spinal cord.

Forces applied to the maxillary incisors during video-assisted intubation.

Background: Modern, video laryngoscopes provide an easier view of the glottis, possibly facilitating easier intubations. We describe an objective method for evaluating the benefits of video-assisted laryngoscopy, compared with standard techniques using force measurements.

Method: Macintosh and video laryngoscopes (both Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany) were used on the patients until the anesthesiologist was convinced he or she had the best possible view of the glottis.

A two-dimensional weighting function for a driver assistance system.

Driver assistance systems that supply force feedback (FF) on the accelerator commonly use relative distance and velocity with respect to the closest lead vehicle in front of the own vehicle. This 1-D feedback might not accurately represent the situation and can cause unwanted step-shaped changes in the FFs during lateral maneuvers. To address these shortcomings, a 2-D system is proposed that calculates FF using a weighted average of the influences of lead vehicles.

Stick, unstick, restick sticky films in the colon.

The main challenge in designing diagnostic devices able to move along the colon is their locomotion method. Manipulating friction with the colonic surface is a key requirement for their safe and atraumatic propagation. One possible solution is to generate friction by means of adhesive forces.

Friction manipulation for intestinal locomotion.

The importance of colonoscopies on the one hand and the drawbacks of the conventional instrumentation on the other have led to research into alternative colonoscopic devices. The main question for the development of such devices is the method of locomotion along the slippery and flaccid intestinal tube. This paper suggests a new intestinal locomotion method based on friction manipulation between the device and the intestinal wall.

Mucoadhesives in the gastrointestinal tract: revisiting the literature for novel applications.

This article investigates applying mucoadhesives to manipulate friction and to achieve locomotion of an alternative colonoscopic device through the large intestine. Considering that such an application of mucoadhesives is new, the authors recognised the need to revisit the different aspects of mucoadhesion in the gastrointestinal tract on the basis of the literature and to re-evaluate them according to the requirements for intestinal locomotion. First, the material properties, which are critical for the locomotion mechanism and specific categories of mucoadhesives characterised by those critical properties were identified.