Fractures around the shoulder in the skeletally immature: A scoping review.

Fractures around the shoulder girdle in children are mainly caused by sports accidents. The clavicle and the proximal humerus are most commonly involved. Both the clavicle and the proximal humerus have a remarkable potential for remodeling, which is why most of these fractures in children can be treated conservatively.

Ankle sprain: the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Introduction: Injury of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle joint occurs in about one in 10,000 people per day, accounting for a quarter of all sports injuries.

Methods And Outcomes: We conducted a systematic overview, aiming to answer the following clinical question: What are the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of acute ankle sprains? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to April 2014 (Clinical Evidence overviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this overview).

Results: At this update, searching of electronic databases retrieved 158 studies.

Treatment of Calcaneal Apophysitis: Wait and See Versus Orthotic Device Versus Physical Therapy: A Pragmatic Therapeutic Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Calcaneal apophysitis is a frequent cause of heel pain in children and is known to have a significant negative effect on the quality of life in affected children. The most effective treatment is currently unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate 3 frequently used conventional treatment modalities for calcaneal apophysitis.

[A 20-year-old man with a dislocation of the great toe].

A 20-year-old student came to our Emergency Department with a dislocated great toe with interposition of the sesamoid bone on the plantair side of the proximal phalanx (Miki Type 2 dislocation). Attempts of closed reduction at the Emergency Room were unsuccessful and open reduction and K-wire fixation was performed.

An efficient strategy allowed English-speaking reviewers to identify foreign-language articles eligible for a systematic review.

Objective: To assess English-speaking reviewers' accuracy in determining the eligibility of foreign-language articles for a systematic review.

Study Design And Settings: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of therapy for fibromyalgia. Guided by 10 questions, English-speaking reviewers screened non-English-language articles for eligibility.

Incidence of calcaneal apophysitis in the general population.

Background: Calcaneal apophysitis, or Sever's disease, is a traction apophysitis. It is a frequent cause of heel pain in children. Knowledge about the exact incidence of calcaneal apophysitis in the general population, however, is lacking.

Treatment of hip dysplasia in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: results of an international consensus procedure.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by progressive multi-organ disease. The standard of care for patients with the severe phenotype (Hurler syndrome, MPS I-H) is early hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, skeletal disease, including hip dysplasia, is almost invariably present in MPS I-H, and appears to be particularly unresponsive to HSCT.

WITHDRAWN: Immobilisation and functional treatment for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults.

Background: Acute lateral ankle ligament injuries (ankle sprains) are common problems in acute medical care. The treatment variation observed for the acutely injured lateral ankle ligament complex suggests a lack of evidence-based management strategies for this problem.

Objectives: The objective of this review was to assess the effectiveness of methods of immobilisation for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries and to compare immobilisation with functional treatment methods.

WITHDRAWN: Different functional treatment strategies for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults.

Background: Acute lateral ankle ligament ruptures are common problems in present health care. Early mobilisation and functional treatment are advocated as a preferable treatment strategy. However, functional treatment comprises a broad spectrum of treatment strategies and as of yet no optimal strategy has been identified.

What is the evidence for rest, ice, compression, and elevation therapy in the treatment of ankle sprains in adults?

Context: Ankle sprains are common problems in acute medical care. The variation in treatment observed for the acutely injured lateral ankle ligament complex in the first week after the injury suggests a lack of evidence-based management strategies for this problem.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of applying rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) therapy begun within 72 hours after trauma for patients in the initial period after ankle sprain.

Treatment of Mason type II radial head fractures without associated fractures or elbow dislocation: a systematic review.

Purpose: There is no consensus as to the best treatment of Mason type II fractures without concomitant elbow fractures or dislocation. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the results of operative and nonoperative treatment of these injuries.

Methods: We systematically screened the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library until September 2011 for studies on nonoperative or operative treatment of Mason type II fractures.

Congenital radial head dislocation with a progressive cubitus valgus: a case report.

Congenital dislocation of the radial head is rare, although it is the most common congenital anomaly of the elbow. A concomitant progressive cubitus valgus of the elbow has not previously been described in literature. We describe a case of an 8-year-old girl with an unilateral congenital radial head dislocation with a progressive cubitus valgus of 35°, caused by a prematurely closing physis of the lateral humeral condyle.

Above- or below-elbow casts for distal third forearm fractures in children? A meta-analysis of the literature.

Introduction: Fractures of the distal third forearm are common fractures in childhood. Most of these fractures can be treated non-operatively by means of closed reduction and immobilization. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate whether above- or below-elbow cast should be considered the first-choice for conservative treatment.

Ankle sprain.

Introduction: Injury of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle joint occurs in about one in 10,000 people a day, accounting for a quarter of all sports injuries.

Methods And Outcomes: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical question: What are the effects of treatment strategies for acute ankle ligament ruptures? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to November 2009 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).

Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus: a systematic review.

The aim of this study was to summarize all eligible studies to compare the effectiveness of treatment strategies for osteochondral defects (OCD) of the talus. Electronic databases from January 1966 to December 2006 were systematically screened. The proportion of the patient population treated successfully was noted, and percentages were calculated.

WITHDRAWN: Orthotic devices for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a frequently reported condition in active adults. A wide variety of conservative treatment strategies have been described. As yet, no optimal strategy has been identified.

Infected nonunion of the long bones.

Background: Although definitions vary, infected nonunion has been defined as a state of failure of union and persistence of infection at the fracture site for 6 to 8 months.>). Infected nonunions of the supracondylar region of the femur are uncommon and are mostly due to a severe open fracture with extensive comminution and segmental bone loss or after internal fixation of a comminuted closed fracture.

Reporting of outcomes in orthopaedic randomized trials: does blinding of outcome assessors matter?

Background: Randomization, concealment of treatment allocation, and blinding are all known to limit bias in clinical research. Nonsurgical studies that fail to meet these standards have been reported to inflate the differences between treatment and control groups. While surgical trials can rarely blind surgeons or patients, they can often blind outcome assessors.

Does a "Level I Evidence" rating imply high quality of reporting in orthopaedic randomised controlled trials?

Background: The Levels of Evidence Rating System is widely believed to categorize studies by quality, with Level I studies representing the highest quality evidence. We aimed to determine the reporting quality of Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) published in the most frequently cited general orthopaedic journals.

Methods: Two assessors identified orthopaedic journals that reported a level of evidence rating in their abstracts from January 2003 to December 2004 by searching the instructions for authors of the highest impact general orthopaedic journals.

Long-term results of the Weber operation for chronic ankle instability: 37 patients followed for 20-30 years.

Background: The Weber operation is an anatomical reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament with the plantaris tendon. Few long-term studies have been published.

Methods: We evaluated 40 ankles in 37 patients (19 women) at an average of 24 years after the procedure.