Study protocol: EXERcise and cognition in sedentary adults with early-ONset dementia (EXERCISE-ON).

Background: Although the development of early-onset dementia is a radical and invalidating experience for both patient and family there are hardly any non-pharmacological studies that focus on this group of patients. One type of a non-pharmacological intervention that appears to have a beneficial effect on cognition in older persons without dementia and older persons at risk for dementia is exercise. In view of their younger age early-onset dementia patients may be well able to participate in an exercise program.

Intrinsic properties of the knee extensor muscles after subacute stroke.

Unlabelled: Horstman AM, Gerrits KH, Beltman MJ, Koppe PA, Janssen, TW, de Haan A. Intrinsic properties of the knee extensor muscles after subacute stroke.

Objective: To characterize muscle properties of paretic lower-limb (PL) and nonparetic lower-limb (NL) knee extensors in patients with subacute stroke.

Relationship among shoulder proprioception, kinematics, and pain after stroke.

Objective: To identify a possible relationship among chronic poststroke shoulder pain (PSSP), scapular resting pose, and shoulder proprioception.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Rehabilitation center.

Isometric muscle function of knee extensors and the relation with functional performance in patients with stroke.

Objective: (1) To examine the isometric strength, speed, and fatigue resistance of the knee extensors of the paretic limb and nonparetic limb in patients with stroke and compare these with able-bodied subjects. (2) To relate the contractile properties with different indices of functional performance.

Design: Case-control study.

Effects of electric stimulation-assisted cycling training in people with chronic stroke.

Objective: To evaluate whether leg cycling training in subjects with chronic stroke can improve cycling performance, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and functional performance and to determine if electric stimulation (ES) to the contralateral (paretic) leg during cycling has additional effects over cycling without ES.

Design: A randomized controlled trial, with a partial double-blind design.

Setting: A rehabilitation center.

Proprioception of the shoulder after stroke.

Objective: To investigate position sense and kinesthesia of the shoulders of stroke patients.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: A rehabilitation center.

Kinematic alterations in the ipsilateral shoulder of patients with hemiplegia due to stroke.

Objective: To evaluate the assumption that shoulder kinematic patterns of the ipsilateral, nonparetic shoulder in hemiplegia are similar to kinematics recorded in a healthy population.

Design: Case control study of a convenience sample of ten patients with hemiplegia due to stroke in the subacute phase compared with a control group of similar age. Three-dimensional positions of the scapula and humerus were measured and expressed in Euler angles as a function of active arm elevation in the frontal and sagittal plane and during passive humeral internal/external rotation at an elevation angle of 90 degrees in the frontal and sagittal plane.