B7 homolog 3 in pancreatic cancer.

Despite advances in cancer treatment, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a disease with high mortality rates and poor survival outcomes. The B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) checkpoint molecule is overexpressed among many malignant tumors, including PC, with low or absent expression in healthy tissues. By modulating various immunological and nonimmunological molecular mechanisms, B7-H3 may influence the progression of PC.

Splenic hamartomas in children.

Splenic hamartomas (SHs) are uncommon, benign vascular lesions of unclear etiology and are mostly found incidentally on abdominal images, at surgery, or at autopsy. Since the first case description, in 1861, less than 50 pediatric SH cases have been reported in the literature. In this article, we have performed an analysis of all SH cases in children published in the literature to date and presented our case of an 8-year-old male with SH.

Age-specific causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children.

The etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) varies by age, from newborns to adolescents, with some of the causes overlapping between age groups. While particular causes such as vitamin K deficiency and cow's milk protein allergy are limited to specific age groups, occurring only in neonates and infants, others such as erosive esophagitis and gastritis may be identified at all ages. Furthermore, the incidence of UGIB is variable throughout the world and in different hospital settings.

Targeting B7-H3-A Novel Strategy for the Design of Anticancer Agents for Extracranial Pediatric Solid Tumors Treatment.

Recent scientific data recognize the B7-H3 checkpoint molecule as a potential target for immunotherapy of pediatric solid tumors (PSTs). B7-H3 is highly expressed in extracranial PSTs such as neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, nephroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma, whereas its expression is absent or very low in normal tissues and organs. The influence of B7-H3 on the biological behavior of malignant solid neoplasms of childhood is expressed through different molecular mechanisms, including stimulation of immune evasion and tumor invasion, and cell-cycle disruption.

B7 homologue 3 as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in gastrointestinal tumors.

The most common digestive system (DS) cancers, including tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) such as colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC) and esophageal cancer (EC) as well as tumors of DS accessory organs such as pancreatic and liver cancer, are responsible for more than one-third of all cancer-related deaths worldwide, despite the progress that has been achieved in anticancer therapy. Due to these limitations in treatment strategies, oncological research has taken outstanding steps towards a better understanding of cancer cell biological complexity and heterogeneity. These studies led to new molecular target-driven therapeutic approaches.

Abiotrophia defectiva liver abscess in a teenage boy after a supposedly mild blunt abdominal trauma: a case report.

Background: A pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) represents a pus-filled cavity within the liver parenchyma caused by the invasion and multiplication of bacteria. The most common offender isolated from the PLA in children is Staphylococcus aureus. Abiotrophia defectiva is a Gram-positive pleomorphic bacterium, commonly found in the oral cavity, intestinal, and genitourinary mucosa as part of the normal microbiota.