The effect of vitamin D on the speed and quality of pediatric fracture healing.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the speed and quality of pediatric fracture healing.

Methods: A 4-year prospective study of healthy children with shaft fractures of the forearm bones (treated with minimally invasive osteosynthesis) or femur (treated by traction or by minimally invasive osteosynthesis). All children had their vitamin D levels examined four times-at the time of the injury, 1, 3, and 5 months after the injury.

[Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures in Children].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The study aimed to draw up a diagnosis and treatment guidelines for the management of the most common compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between 2015 and 2017, pediatric patients with a thoracolumbar injury aged 0-12 years were followed up in the University Hospital in Motol and the Thomayer University Hospital. The age and gender of the patient, injury etiology, fracture morphology, number of injured vertebrae, functional outcome (VAS and ODI modified for children), and complications were assessed.

[Migration of the Tips of Metal Implants during Treatment of Coxa Vara Adolescentium (Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis)].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This paper aims to detect, through a retrospective study, the migration of the tips of used metal implants (K-wires or a screw) in the direction out from the proximal femoral epiphysis as a part of studied basic radiometric characteristics of the cohort, with no intention of the authors to evaluate the therapy outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS It was a retrospective multicentre study including patients of two orthopaedic clinics and one department of orthopaedics treated in the period 2005-2018. The same treatment procedure was used in all three centres.

Ultrasound imaging in diagnostics of Monteggia lesion in children.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the use of ultrasound imaging in diagnostics of Monteggia lesion in children where conventional radiographs and the use of the radiocapitellar line fail to provide an accurate diagnosis.

Methods: Prospective diagnostic study of 70 patients treated between May 2018 and July 2021 in a pediatric level 1 trauma center. In 20 patients with the confirmed radiographic diagnosis of Monteggia lesion, an ultrasound of the humeroradial joint was performed to determine signs of both normal and dislocated elbow joint.

Ultrasound diagnostics of a rare injury of the unossified pediatric skeleton - case report.

Plain X-ray remains a standard diagnostic tool for evaluation of skeletal injuries in children. However, it provides inadequate imaging of unossified, cartilaginous parts of pediatric bones. Our article presents the possibilities of ultrasound imaging based on the case report of a seven years old patient with a rare injury of the unossified medial epicondyle of the humerus where the diagnosis and indication for osteosynthesis has been made based on ultrasound examination of the injured elbow.

The Relationship between a Defined Microstructure within the Mold Surface and the Corresponding Roughness on the Part: A Systematic Study on Particle Size, Filler-, and Compatibilizer Content.

The perception of a surface and its haptic properties are significantly influenced by roughness and microstructure, respectively, whereby non-negligible parameters include friction, contact area, temperature, and humidity between the human finger and the examined surface. In particular, for a scientific investigation on haptic influences, the production of samples with a defined surface roughness is indispensable. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of various mold insert roughnesses combined with the influences of particle size, filler-, and compatibilizer content on impression quality.

Paediatric pelvic injuries: a retrospective epidemiological study from four level 1 trauma centers.

Aim Of The Study: Epidemiologic evaluation of pelvic ring injuries in children.

Methods: Retrospective analysis over a period of 13 years, excluding pathological fractures. AO/OTA type, epidemiological data, type of treatment, and complications were recorded.

[Toddler's Fractures: Definition, Differences between the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The term toddler's fracture was first coined by J. S. Dunbar in 1964 as a nondisplaced fracture of the distal tibia in children aged 9 months to 3 years.

[Advantages and Pitfalls of Stabilisation of Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Children by Lateral Approach Only].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Supracondylar humerus fracture (SCF) with dislocation is indicated for closed reduction and osteosynthesis. The method achieving the best stability is CRCPP (closed reduction and crossed percutaneous pinning), even though there is a risk of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury. The CRLPP (closed reduction and lateral percutaneous pinning) method eliminates this risk at the cost of less stable osteosynthesis.

Monteggia lesion and its equivalents in children.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate our group of paediatric patients with Monteggia lesion and its equivalents and to compare the characteristics of basic types of these lesions concerning therapeutic approach and results of the treatment.

Methods: Retrospective study of 111 children treated in the Department of Pediatric and Trauma Surgery of the Thomayer Hospital in Prague between 2001 and 2013 (13 years). When evaluating the outcome of the therapy, Bruce's criteria modified by Letts that assesses range of movement, pain and deformity of the elbow joint were applied.

[Triplane Fractures of the Distal Tibial Epiphysis - Contributions of CT Scans to Indication and Planning of Osteosynthesis].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The triplane fracture of the distal tibial epiphysis is characterised by the fracture line in typical three planes which can, however, differ case by case. The authors use the CT imaging as the perfect examination method to determine the nature of the fracture to plan the osteosynthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the five-year retrospective study of a group of patients treated at their own department in the period 2011-2015 the authors assess a total of 55 patients with a triplane fracture.

[Supracondylar fracture of the humerus in childhood].

Introduction: Supracondylar fracture of the humerus can be considered the most serious fracture in childhood. Problems with its diagnostics and treatment as well as its complications and sequels have not been fully solved yet. That is evidenced by a large amount of articles with frequently inconsistent conclusions.

[Chest injuries in polytraumatized children].

Chest injuries in children are part of polytrauma resulting from high-energy violence, most often caused by traffic accidents. Blunt chest injuries (95%) are significantly more frequent than penetrating injuries (5%). Lung contusion, rib fracture, pneumothorax or haemothorax, are the more common injuries, but tracheobronchial rupture, cardiac or diaphragmatic injuries may also occur.

[Monteggia lesions in the growing skeleton: principles of therapy].

Purpose Of The Study: In this retrospective study we analyse the methods of Monteggia lesion (ML) treatment in children used in our department. Based on the results we propose several general principals for the therapy of this complex injury to the forearm in agrowing skeleton.

Material: The group included patients with the diagnosis of acute ML treated at our department in the 2003-2007 period.

Salter (Rang) type 6 physeal injury.

Introduction: Type 6 physeal injuries, described by Rang as a displacement of the perichondrial ring usually caused by a lawn-mower scalping mechanism or a closed trauma to the distal femoral physis avulsed by the lateral collateral ligament, are extremely rare. This type of injury was later included in Salter and Harris' classification of physeal injuries as type 6. No large series of type 6 physeal injuries has been described in the literature.

Acute tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in children: selective use of the closed reduction and internal fixation method.

Purpose: Acute tibial tubercle avulsion fractures typically occur in adolescent boys involved in certain sports. All of the excerpted authors recommend open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) as the only method to manage the displaced form of the injury. We attempted to select the optimal medical treatment of various types of this injury.

Mutual position of the distal fibular physis and the tibiotalar joint space - radiological typology and clinical significance.

Aim: The mutual position of the distal fibular physis compared to the tibiotalar joint space in the immature skeleton was investigated in X-ray studies. The clinical relevance of the recorded mutual position was evaluated for paediatric skeletal traumatology.

Materials And Methods: 140 radiographs of immature ankle joints without skeletal injury were reviewed and the mutual position of the distal fibular physis and tibiotalar joint space was tested.

[Spinal injuries in children and adolescents].

Purpose Of The Study: Spinal injuries in children are rare and account for a low proportion of all childhood injuries. Due to anatomical and biomechanical properties of the growing spine, there are great differences between spinal injury in childhood and adulthood. Because of higher mobility and elasticity of the spine and a lower body mass in children, spinal injuries are not frequent and represent only 2 to 5 % of all spinal injuries.

Rare injuries to the distal tibiofibular joint in children.

Injuries to the distal tibiofibular junction have been very precisely described in adults including diagnosis and treatment. By comparison, only two types of epiphyseal fracture were described as the equivalent of such an injury in the growing skeleton until now: the juvenile Tillaux fracture and the lateral triplane fracture. During a five-year period (1997 - 2001) twenty children with distal tibiofibular joint injury were treated in our department.

[Pathologic proximal femoral fractures in children in an unicameral bone cyst].

Purpose Of The Study: Proximal femoral fractures in children are rare, pathologic fractures being extremely rare. Despite many meanings these fractures are still "unsolved" there are some definite rules for treatment of true accidental injuries. Pathologic fractures are outstanding with their extremely rare incidence.

[Monteggia's lesion in childhood--proposal for a new classification system].

Purpose Of The Study: The former classification systems have failed to provide an exact characterization of Monteggia's lesions (ML) in a growing skeleton. We studied the stability of both ulnar fracture and injury to the radio-humero-ulnar joint and our clinical findings fully warrant the proposal of a new classification system.

Material: We carried out a retrospective study of 76 children, aged 2 to 15 years, treated for Monteggia's lesion in our department during 12 years, from 1990 till 2001.

Avulsion fracture of the pelvis: separation of the secondary ossification center in the superior margin of the acetabulum.

A 13-year-old female sustained a rare avulsion fracture of the secondary ossification center in the superior margin of the acetabulum as the result of contraction of the reflected head of the rectus femoris muscle. Diagnosis was made from plain films and CT scans with 3D image reconstruction. The patient was treated non-operatively by bed rest with semiflexion of the hip and knee, and appropriate analgesia.

[Use of the elastic stable intramedullary nailing technique in non-typical pediatric fractures].

Purpose Of The Study: The "Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing" (E.S.I.

[Fractures of the diaphysis of the humerus in children.].

Diaphyseal fractures of the humerus are not common in children. With the exception of fractures which occur during delivery they do not differ substantially from diaphyseal fractures in adults as far as the etiology and line of fracture is concerned. They differ, however, substantially as regards treatment.

[Injury of the proximal physis of the tibia in children.].

During the last nine years (1986 to 1994) the authors treated 27 children with injuries of the proximal growth plate of the tibia, i. e. 0,8 % of all skeletal injuries treated during the above period at the clinic.