Agricultural soils a trigger to nitrous oxide: a persuasive greenhouse gas and its management.

Agricultural soils form the backbone of the country's economic development. The increased population has not only reduced this treasure but also has affected the global climate at an alarming rate. Among the GHGs, emission of NO due to agricultural activities is nowadays a global concern.

Design, synthesis, topoisomerase I & II inhibitory activity, antiproliferative activity, and structure-activity relationship study of pyrazoline derivatives: An ATP-competitive human topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor.

A series of pyrazoline derivatives (5) were synthesized in 92-96% yields from chalcones (3) and hydrazides (4). Subsequently, topo-I and IIα-mediated relaxation and antiproliferative activity assays were evaluated for 5. Among the tested compounds, 5h had a very strong topo-I activity of 97% (Camptothecin, 74%) at concentration of 100 μM.

Inference on arthropod demographic parameters: computational advances using R.

We developed a computer program for life table analysis using the open source, free software programming environment R. It is useful to quantify chronic nonlethal effects of treatments on arthropod populations by summarizing information on their survival and fertility in key population parameters referred to as fertility life table parameters. Statistical inference on fertility life table parameters is not trivial because it requires the use of computationally intensive methods for variance estimation.

Synthesis of propiophenone derivatives as new class of antidiabetic agents reducing body weight in db/db mice.

A series of propiophenone derivatives (6-23) have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vivo antihyperglycemic activities in sucrose loaded model (SLM), sucrose challenged streptozotocin (STZ-S) induced diabetic rat model and C57BL/KsJ db/db diabetic mice model. Compound 15 and 16 were emerged as potent antihyperglycemics and lipid lowering agents. These compounds (15, 16) further validate the potency by reducing body weight and food intake in db/db mice model.

Microwave-assisted solution-phase synthesis and DART-mass spectrometric monitoring of a combinatorial library of indolin-2,3-dione schiff bases with potential antimycobacterial activity.

A combinatorial library composed of eleven hydrazides A-K and eleven indolin-1,2-dione derivatives 1-11 has been designed to formally generate sublibraries of 22 mixtures, M(1)-M(22) comprising of 121 Schiff bases, A-K(1-11). The designed library has been synthesized by the solution-phase method and microwave-assisted synthetic techniques. The formation of individual compounds of each mixture was confirmed by Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) as ionization technique connected to an Ion Trap as a mass detector.

Pyranocoumarins: a new class of anti-hyperglycemic and anti-dyslipidemic agents.

A series of pyranocoumarin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in vivo for their anti-hyperglycemic as well as anti-dyslipidemic activities. Compounds 7a, 7c, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8e and 8f have shown promising anti-hyperglycemic activities in sucrose loaded model (SLM) as well as sucrose challenged streptozotocin induced diabetic rat model (STZ). Compounds 8a and 8b were showing 38.

Design and synthesis of 3,5-diarylisoxazole derivatives as novel class of anti-hyperglycemic and lipid lowering agents.

We have designed 1,3-disubstituted-5-membered heteroaromatic ring system as a common core motif from known anti-hyperglycemic agents. Designed compounds were synthesized and screened for in vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity in sucrose loaded model (SLM), sucrose-challenged streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model (STZ-S) as well as db/db mice model. Some of the synthesized compounds showed promising in vivo anti-hyperglycemic as well as moderate lipid lowering activity.

Novel 2-aryl-naphtho[1,2-d]oxazole derivatives as potential PTP-1B inhibitors showing antihyperglycemic activities.

A series of 2-aryl-naphtho[1,2-d]oxazole derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for PTP-1B inhibitory activity. The compounds have been screened in vivo for antidiabetic activity under sucrose loaded model (SLM), sucrose-challenged streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model (STZ-S) and db/db mice model. Compounds 8 and 12 have shown promising PTP-1B inhibitory activity, significant antidiabetic activity, moderate lipid and triglyceride lowering activity.

Novel substituted naphthalen-1-yl-methanone derivatives as anti-hyperglycemic agents.

A series of aminoalkoxy phenyl-substituted naphthalene-1-yl-methanone was synthesized and tested for its anti-hyperglycemic activity in SLM and STZ-S rat models. Some compounds (3b, 4c and 4h) of the series were showing significant anti-hyperglycemic activity in male Sprague-Dawley rats in sucrose-loaded model (SLM) as well as in streptozotocin-induced model (STZ-S). Active compounds were also evaluated for relative binding affinity against glucagon receptor.

Functional responses of coccinellid predators: an illustration of a logistic approach.

The functional response parameters and patterns of three coccinellid predators, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Propylea dissecta, and Coccinella transversalis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were evaluated to find out how these predators respond at two different prey species across various prey densities levels. All three predators exhibited a decelerating curve Type II response determined by a logistic regression model. The linear reciprocal transformation of Holling's disc equation was used to further evaluate the parametric values.

Cleavage of oximes using a solid supported hypervalent organoiodine reagent.

A facile and efficient oxidative cleavage of oximes to form carbonyl compounds is reported using phenyl iodonium (III) diacetate (PIDA) and polymer supported polydiacetoxyiodostyrene. Regeneration of carbonyl compounds from corresponding oximes is an important reaction, since oxime derivatives constitute one of the primary methods for purification and characterization of carbonyl compounds. This process overcomes many of the disadvantages associated with other oxidative methods such as long reaction times, difficulties in isolation of products and formation of over oxidized products.

The influence of age on reproductive performance of the predatory ladybird beetle, Propylea dissecta.

The influence of age on reproductive performance of an aphidophagous ladybird beetle, Propylea dissecta was examined using male and female beetles of varying ages (1-30 days) after a single mating stimulus. All the intermediate (10 to 20 days old) and old (30 days old) age females mated with all intermediate and old age males, while only a fraction (0.29%) of younger females, 1 to 5 days old, mated with males of similar or older age.