Publications by authors named "Perumal G"

In the realm of materials science and engineering, the pursuit of advanced materials with tailored properties has been a driving goal behind technological progress. Scientific interest in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) fabricated NiTi alloy has in recent times seen an upsurge of activity. In this study, we investigate the impact of varying volume energy density (VED) during L-PBF on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of NiTi alloys in both scan (XY) and built (XZ) planes.

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Recently, cancer therapy has witnessed remarkable advancements with a growing focus on precision medicine and targeted drug delivery strategies. The application of anionic polysaccharides has gained traction in various drug delivery systems. Anionic polysaccharides have emerged as promising delivery carriers in cancer therapy and theranostics, offering numerous advantages such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and the ability to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents to tumor sites with high specificity.

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A novel method for synthesizing nanomaterials involves microbial or phytochemical nano-factories, which offer an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and reliable approach to producing clean and reproducible products. In this study, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were synthesized using Avicennia marina, a marine plant, as both a nucleation and stabilizing agent. The MgO NPs were characterized for crystallinity, cut-off wavelength, morphology, thermal stability, and surface properties using XRD, EDX, BET, UV-Visible spectroscopy, DLS, zeta potential analysis, SEM, TEM, TGA/DTA, and PL spectroscopy.

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In patients with total hip replacements (THRs), wear products in the form of nanoparticles and ions are released, especially around implant failure. In this study, we use N2a cells, a neuroblastoma cell line, to evaluate the effects of different flow rates on neuronal toxicity amidst exposure to CoCrMo particles. We hypothesized that increasing flow rates would increase N2a cell viability and decrease N2a cell-degradation products (DPs) toxicity.

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Background: Thermal spray coatings have emerged as a pivotal technology in materials engineering, primarily for augmenting the characteristics related to wear and tribology of metallic substrates.

Method: This study aimes to delve into applying High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermalsprayed WC-Co nanocoatings on Titanium Grade-5 alloy (Ti64). The coating process, utilizing nano-sized WC-Co powder, undergoes systematic optimization of HVOF parameters, encompassing the flow rate of carrier gas, powder feed rate, and nozzle distance.

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The increasing prevalence of bone replacements and complications associated with bone replacement procedures underscores the need for innovative tissue restoration approaches. Existing synthetic grafts cannot fully replicate bone vascularization and mechanical characteristics. This study introduces a novel strategy utilizing pectin, chitosan, and polyvinyl alcohol to create interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) scaffolds incorporated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).

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Cloud organizations now face a challenge in managing the enormous volume of data and various resources in the cloud due to the rapid growth of the virtualized environment with many service users, ranging from small business owners to large corporations. The performance of cloud computing may suffer from ineffective resource management. As a result, resources must be distributed fairly among various stakeholders without sacrificing the organization's profitability or the satisfaction of its customers.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly benefited several businesses, but because of the volume and complexity of IoT systems, there are also new security issues. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) guarantee both the security posture and defense against intrusions of IoT devices. IoT systems have recently utilized machine learning (ML) techniques widely for IDSs.

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Cardiovascular disorders are often diagnosed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). It is a painless method that mimics the cyclical contraction and relaxation of the heart's muscles. By monitoring the heart's electrical activity, an ECG can be used to identify irregular heartbeats, heart attacks, cardiac illnesses, or enlarged hearts.

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Diabetes is a widely spread disease that significantly affects people's lives. The leading cause is uncontrolled levels of blood glucose, which develop eye defects over time, including Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), which results in severe visual loss. The primary factor causing blindness is considered to be DR in diabetic patients.

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The development of rapid, noninvasive diagnostics to detect lung diseases is a great need after the COVID-2019 outbreak. The nanotechnology-based approach has improved imaging and facilitates the early diagnosis of inflammatory lung diseases. The multifunctional properties of nanoprobes enable better spatial-temporal resolution and a high signal-to-noise ratio in imaging.

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This work describes a one-pot synthesis of dendrite-like hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPGs) via a ring-opening multibranching polymerization (ROMBP) process using a bis(5,7-dichloro-2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)methyl aluminum complex () as a catalyst and 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane/trimethylol propane (TMP) as an initiator. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to elucidate the molecular structure of complex . Inverse-gated (IG)C NMR analysis of HPGs showed degree of branching between 0.

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High-performance energy storage devices (HPEDs) play a critical role in the realization of clean energy and thus enable the overarching pursuit of nonpolluting, green technologies. Supercapacitors are one class of such lucrative HPEDs; however, a serious limiting factor of supercapacitor technology is its sub-par energy density. This report presents hitherto unchartered pathway of physical deformation, chemical dealloying, and microstructure engineering to produce ultrahigh-capacitance, energy-dense NiMn alloy electrodes.

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Background: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates requiring cardiac surgery. Feeding practices vary significantly across institutions and remain controversial. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis to identify associations between feeding practices and necrotising enterocolitis.

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Use of three-dimensional bioprinting for the engineering of tissues has boomed during the past five years. An increasing number of commercial bioinks are available, with suitable mechanical and rheological characteristics and excellent biocompatibility. However, cell-laden bioinks based on a single polymer do not properly mimic the complex extracellular environment needed to tune cell behavior, as required for tissue and organ formation.

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Micro/nano scale surface modifications of titanium based orthopedic and cardiovascular implants has shown to augment biocompatibility. However, bacterial infection remains a serious concern for implant failure, aggravated by increasing antibiotic resistance and over usage of antibiotics. Bacteria cell adhesion on implant surface leads to colonization and biofilm formation resulting in morbidity and mortality.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers conducted whole genome sequencing on 100 TGA patients, analyzing genes linked to heart defects, neurodevelopment, and heterotaxy, identifying 55 damaging genetic variants but no direct links to the disease.
  • * The findings suggest TGA is likely caused by complex genetic factors rather than single rare variants, indicating a need for further exploration of the collective impact of multiple genes on the condition and associated disabilities.
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Monitoring dynamic processes in complex cellular environments requires the integration of uniformly distributed detectors within such three-dimensional (3D) networks, to an extent that the sensor could provide real-time information on nearby perturbations in a non-invasive manner. In this context, the development of 3D-printed structures that can function as both sensors and cell culture platforms emerges as a promising strategy, not only for mimicking a specific cell niche but also toward identifying its characteristic physicochemical conditions, such as concentration gradients. We present herein a 3D cancer model that incorporates a hydrogel-based scaffold containing gold nanorods.

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The shape of the cell is connected to its function; however, we do not fully understand underlying mechanisms by which global shape regulates a cell's functional capabilities. Using theory, experiments and simulation, we investigated how physiologically relevant cell shape changes affect subcellular organization, and consequently intracellular signaling, to control information flow needed for phenotypic function. Vascular smooth muscle cells going from a proliferative and motile circular shape to a contractile fusiform shape show changes in the location of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, inter-organelle distances, and differential distribution of receptors in the plasma membrane.

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Thermal spray coatings (TSCs) are widely utilized for limiting degradation of structural components. However, the performance of TSCs is significantly impaired by its inherent non-homogeneous microstructure, comprising of splat boundaries, porosities, secondary phase-formation, and elemental segregation. Herein, we report a simplistic approach for significantly enhancing the corrosion resistance of TSCs.

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Background: Recurrent genetic abnormalities influence prognosis in B lymphoblastic leukemia. BCR-ABL rearrangement is associated with higher leukocyte counts and older age at presentation. Among adults, BCR -ABL - is the commonest recurrent abnormality whereas, IgH rearrangements are rare.

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Owing to its good biocompatibility and low cost, stainless steel is one of the most widely utilized biomaterial. However, longtime assessment of stainless steel has shown problems related to material degradation, especially localized corrosion and bio-film formation. In addition, the leaching of toxic nickel and chromium ions from stainless steel leads to additional health complications.

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Healing or reconstruction of critical-sized bone defects is still challenging in orthopaedic practice. In this study, we developed a new approach to control the degradation and improve the bone regeneration of the AZ31 magnesium substrate, fabricated as mesh cage implants. Subsequently, bilayer nanocomposite coating was carried out using polycaprolactone (PCL) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) by dip-coating and electrospinning.

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This study describes the preparation of nano-magnesium phosphate (nMP) flakes by one step microwave irradiation method. The synthesized nMP was incorporated with polycaprolactone (PCL), hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) to fabricate as composite electrospun nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. The electrospun nanofibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, XRD, FTIR, DSC, TGA, and wettability measurement.

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The leaching out of toxic elements from metallic bioimplants has serious repercussions, including allergies, peripheral neuritis, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease, leading to revision or replacement surgeries. The development of advanced structural materials with excellent biocompatibility and superior corrosion resistance in the physiological environment holds great significance. High entropy alloys (HEAs) with a huge compositional design space and outstanding mechanical and functional properties can be promising for bioimplant applications.

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