Flexor tendon healing within the tendon sheath using bioabsorbable poly-L/D-lactide 96/4 suture. A histological in vivo study with rabbits.

The bioabsorbable poly-L/D-lactide (PLDLA) 96/4 suture has good biomechanical and knot properties, and sufficient tensile strength half-life for flexor tendon repair. In the present study, the biocompatibility of PLDLA suture was compared with that of coated braided polyester suture in the rabbit flexor digitorum profundus tendon repaired within the tendon sheath. Postoperative unrestricted active mobilization was allowed.

The effect of pH on the degradation of biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) 80/20 urethral stent material in vitro.

Purpose: To investigate in vitro whether pH ranging between 6 and 9 has an effect on the degradation of stent fibers made of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) 80/20.

Materials And Methods: The fibers were divided into three groups and immersed in sodium phosphate-buffered saline (Na-PBS) solution with three different pH values: 6, 7.4, and 9.

Bioabsorbable poly-L/D-lactide (PLDLA) 96/4 triple-stranded bound suture in the modified Kessler repair: an ex vivo static and cyclic tensile testing study in a porcine extensor tendon model.

Previously the biomechanical properties of the bioabsorbable poly-L: /D: -lactide (PLDLA) 96/4 suture were found suitable for flexor tendon repair. In this study, three PLDLA suture strands were bound together parallel to each other side-by-side to form a triple-stranded bound suture and the modified Kessler tendon repair was performed. The biomechanical properties of the PLDLA repair in porcine extensor tendons ex vivo were investigated with static and cyclic tensile testing.

Pull-out strength of multifunctional bioabsorbable ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide-polyglycolide 80/20 tacks: an experimental study allograft cranial bone.

In this study, the pull-out forces of recently developed multifunctional bioabsorbable self-reinforced ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide/polyglycolide (SR-PLGA+AB) 80/20 tacks were compared with plain SR-PLGA 80/20 tacks in human cadaver parietal bones. Pieces of parietal bone (approximately 6 x 20 cm) were harvested from 5 human cadavers (all were male, 29-77 years old). Fifty plain SR-PLGA tacks (diameter, 2.

Fiber-reinforced bioactive and bioabsorbable hybrid composites.

Bioabsorbable polymeric bone fracture fixation devices have been developed and used clinically in recent decades to replace metallic implants. An advantage of bioabsorbable polymeric devices is that these materials degrade in the body and the degradation products exit via metabolic routes. Additionally, the strength properties of the bioabsorbable polymeric devices decrease as the device degrades, which promotes bone regeneration (according to Wolff's law) as the remodeling bone tissue is progressively loaded.

A new biodegradable braided self-expandable PLGA prostatic stent: an experimental study in the rabbit.

Purpose: The biodegradable PLGA (a copolymer of L-lactide and glycolide) urethral stent with a spiral configuration has been used clinically for the prevention of postoperative urinary retention after different types of thermal therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. A new braiding pattern for this stent has recently been developed by our group. The aim here was to investigate the in situ degradation and biocompatibility of the new braided stent in the rabbit urethra.

Sustained release of ciprofloxacin from an osteoconductive poly(DL)-lactide implant.

Background And Purpose: Antibiotic-releasing bioresorbable implants are used for local treatment of bone infections, but most drug delivery systems release antibiotic for too short a time.

Methods: We used pellets (0.9 x 1.

Long-term bone tissue reaction to polyethylene oxide/polybutylene terephthalate copolymer (Polyactive) in metacarpophalangeal joint reconstruction.

The poly-L/D-lactide 96/4 joint scaffolds are used to engineer fibrous tissue joints in situ for the reconstruction of metacarpophalangeal joints. In this experimental study, a supplementary elastomeric stem made of Polyactive 1000PEO70PBT30 (a segmented block copolymer of polyethylene oxide and polybutylene terephtalate with 70/30 PEO/PBT ratio) was used to anchor the joint scaffold in the arthroplasty space. Eleven resected fifth metacarpophalangeal joints of minipig were reconstructed and evaluated radiologically and histologically for 3 years.

Drainage and antireflux characteristics of a biodegradable self-reinforced, self-expanding X-ray-positive poly-L,D-lactide spiral partial ureteral stent: an experimental study.

Purpose: To evaluate the drainage and antireflux characteristics of a new self-expandable self-reinforced poly-L,D-lactide partial ureteral stent (SR-PLA 96) in an experimental model.

Materials And Methods: Twelve dogs were used as experimental animals. A low-midline laparotomy and cystotomy were performed on all animals.

The use of biodegradable scaffold as an alternative to silicone implant arthroplasty for small joint reconstruction: an experimental study in minipigs.

Biodegradable poly-L/D-lactide (P(L/D)LA) 96/4 joint scaffold arthroplasty is a recently clinically introduced concept in the reconstruction of small joints, however its histology and function in vivo is unknown. In this experimental study on 11 minipigs the fifth metacarpophalangeal joints were reconstructed using a P(L/D)LA 96/4 joint scaffold or Swanson silicone implant. They were evaluated until 3 years.

Fixation of experimental osteotomies with bioabsorbable SR-polylactide-polyglycolide (80/20) polymeric rods.

Self-reinforced polylactide-polyglycolide (80/20) composite rods, 2 mm in diameter and 36 mm in length, were implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of 20 rabbits. Osteotomies of the distal femur were fixed with these rods (2x15 mm) in the rabbits. The follow-up times varied from 3 to 104 weeks.

Tissue biocompatibility of new biodegradable drug-eluting stent materials.

Drug-eluting stents are a recent innovation for endovascular and endourethral purposes. The aim of this study was to assess the biocompatibility of new biodegradable drug-eluting stent materials in vivo. Rods made of SR-PLDLA (self-reinforced poly-96L,4D: -lactic acid) covered with P(50L/50D)LA and rods made of 96L/4D SR-PLA and covered with P(50L/50D)LA including indomethacin 3.

The strength of the 6-strand modified Kessler repair performed with triple-stranded or triple-stranded bound suture in a porcine extensor tendon model: an ex vivo study.

Purpose: To investigate the biomechanic influence of triple-stranded sutures and the spatial arrangement of the strands on the strength of the 6-strand Pennington modified Kessler repair.

Methods: In the present ex vivo study of pig extensor tendons 2 techniques were used: (1) triple-stranded suture (3 suture strands in the same needle) and (2) triple-stranded bound suture (3 suture strands in the same needle that were bound together, parallel to each other, side by side). The repairs were subjected to static tensile testing.

Studies of P(L/D)LA 96/4 non-woven scaffolds and fibres; properties, wettability and cell spreading before and after intrusive treatment methods.

Poly(L/D)lactide 96/4 fibres with diameters of 50 and 80 microm were produced. The smaller diameter fibres were carded and needle punched to form a non-woven mat. Fibres and non-woven mats were hydrolysed for a period of 20 weeks.

Bioabsorbable screw fixation for the treatment of ankle fractures.

Background: Self-reinforced poly(L/dL)lactide 70:30 (SR-PLA70) retains its strength in bone for 24 weeks, whereas self-reinforced poly-L-lactide (SR-PLLA) retains its strength for over 36 weeks. In this prospective randomized study, bioabsorbable 4.5-mm SR-PLA70 screws were compared with SR-PLLA screws in the treatment of displaced ankle fractures in adults.

Tissue reactions to bioabsorbable ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide-polyglycolide 80/20 screws in rabbits' cranial bone.

The aim of this study was to assess tissue reactions to bioabsorbable self-reinforced ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide/polyglycolide (SR-PLGA) 80/20 screws in rabbits' cranial bone. Two screws were implanted in each rabbit, one screw on either side of the sagittal suture (n = 28 rabbits). Animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 54 and 72 weeks, four animals per group.

Release of diclofenac sodium from polylactide-co-glycolide 80/20 rods.

Due to inflammatory reactions complicating bioabsorbable devices, the aim of this study was to develop and characterize bioabsorbable implants with anti-inflammatory drug releasing properties. Polylactide-co- glycolide (PLGA) 80/20 was compounded with diclofenac sodium (DS) to produce rods. Thermal properties were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Poly-L/D-lactide (PLDLA) 96/4 fibrous implants: histological evaluation in the subcutis of experimental design.

Poly-L/D-lactide (PLDLA) 96/4 fibrous implants have been introduced to engineer functional fibrous constructions in situ. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the guidance of the fibrous tissue formation and the tissue reaction of porous PLDLA 96/4 scaffolds implanted in subcutaneous tissue. Three various PLDLA 96/4 knitted-mesh scaffolds (Loose, Ordinary, and Dense) were implanted subcutaneously in 32 rats, and followed-up from 3 days until 48 weeks postsurgery.

Self-reinforced ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide-co-glycolide 80/20 inhibits attachment and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis: an in vitro study.

We have observed the efficiency of antibiotic-releasing polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) 80/20 in preventing Staphylococcus epidermidis attachment and biofilm formation in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of self-reinforced (SR) implants with enhanced antibiotic release on bacterial attachment and biofilm formation rates, and also on growth inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Cylindrical SR-PLGA+AB specimens (length 30 mm, diameter 3 mm) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for attachment of S.

Fibre reinforced bioresorbable composites for spinal surgery.

Composites containing different amounts of beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) embedded in a poly-lactide (PLA70) matrix with and without poly-lactide (PLA96) fibre reinforcement were studied and the feasibility of using these composites in spinal fusion implants was examined. Compressive yield strength was measured in two directions: parallel to (83-97 MPa) and perpendicular to (108-123 MPa) the laminated structure of the composites. In the parallel direction, the addition of beta-TCP decreased compressive yield strength while in the perpendicular direction this was increased when compared to plain specimens (p<0.

In vitro and in vivo testing of bioabsorbable antibiotic containing bone filler for osteomyelitis treatment.

The use of local antibiotics from a biodegradable implant is appealing concept for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Our aim was to develop a new drug delivery system based on controlled ciprofloxacin release from poly(D/L-lactide). Cylindrical composite pellets (1.

Biocompatibility properties of a new braided biodegradable urethral stent: a comparison with a biodegradable spiral and a braided metallic stent in the rabbit urethra.

Objective: To compare the biocompatibility properties of a new braided biodegradable self-reinforced poly-L-lactic acid (SR-PLLA) urethral stent to the former spiral biodegradable SR-PLLA stent and the stainless steel stent in a rabbit model.

Materials And Methods: In all, 54 male New Zealand White rabbits were anaesthetized and stents inserted into the prostatic urethra, three of each kind for each sample time. The rabbits were killed after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 or 15 months and light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy used to analyse the effects.

Histologic analysis of bioabsorbable scleral buckling implants: an experimental study on rabbits.

Purpose: To analyze histologically tissue reactions to bioabsorbable PLA96 in rabbit eyes.

Methods: Scleral buckling operations were carried out in 48 rabbits. Two materials were used: bioabsorbable PLA96 (polylactide 96/4; L/D molar ratio 96/4) and silicone sponge.

Biocompatibility and implantation properties of 2 differently braided, biodegradable, self-reinforced polylactic acid urethral stents: an experimental study in the rabbit.

Purpose: Biodegradable urethral stents have been in clinical use for more than 10 years. To solve the problems connected with the helical spiral configuration of the stents used to date we developed a new tubular mesh configuration and evaluated the biocompatibility properties and degradation time of 2 differently braided stents in the rabbit urethra.

Materials And Methods: The biodegradable, self-expanding stents were made of self-reinforced polylactic acid polymer blended with BaSO4 (Alfa Chem, Kings Point, New York).

Ciprofloxacin-releasing bioabsorbable polymer is superior to titanium in preventing Staphylococcus epidermidis attachment and biofilm formation in vitro.

Antibiotic coating systems have been successfully used to prevent bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. Our purpose was to evaluate whether bioabsorbable polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) 80/20 on its own, and PLGA together with ciprofloxacin (PLGA+C) have any advantages over titanium in preventing Staphylococcus epidermidis attachment and biofilm formation in vitro. Cylindrical specimens of titanium, PLGA, and PLGA+C in triplicate were examined for S.