Protocol for a 1-year randomised, controlled, parallel group, open-label trial on the effects and feasibility of time-restricted eating in individuals with type 2 diabetes- The Restricted Eating Time in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (RESET2) trial.

Aim: Time-restricted eating (TRE) limits the time for food intake to typically 6-10 h/day without other dietary restrictions. The aim of the RESET2 (the REStricted Eating Time in the treatment of type 2 diabetes) trial is to investigate the effects on glycaemic control (HbA) and the feasibility of a 1-year TRE intervention in individuals with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present paper is to describe the protocol for the RESET2 trial.

Characterisation of heritable TP53-related cancer syndrome in Sweden-a nationwide study of genotype-phenotype correlations in 90 families.

We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of families with heritable TP53-related cancer (hTP53rc) syndrome in Sweden with class 4 and 5 germline TP53 variants (gTP53), and to evaluate the genotype-phenotype correlation. These results were also used to evaluate our previously published phenotype prediction model based on TP53 missense variants and their impact on protein conformation. 90 families with hTP53rc were initially identified in Sweden.

Bone mineral density and the risk of kidney disease in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To explore the association between bone disorder and the risk for progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: In this prospective cohort study the association between bone mineral density (BMD), bone-derived factors (sclerostin, Dickkopf-1, and osteoprotegerin (OPG)), and four outcomes were investigated: 1) progression of albuminuria; 2) decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 %; 3) kidney failure (KF); and 4) a composite kidney outcome consisting of at least one of the outcomes.

Results: In 318 participants (median follow-up time 5.

Prognosis for Type 1 Diabetes with Diabetic Nephropathy between 2000 and 2020 - Changes in Kidney Function Decline Over Time and Development of Cardiovascular Disease, Kidney Failure, and Mortality.

Introduction: Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) experience progressive kidney function decline and high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. This study explored changes in kidney function decline in new-onset DN between 2000 and 2020 and provided an updated prognosis for risk of kidney failure, CVD, and mortality.

Methods: This is a register-based cohort study in T1D with new-onset DN (severely increased albuminuria) between 2000 and 2020 at Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Denmark.

Z-score-based posttest risk as an alternative risk metric to positive predictive value following positive noninvasive prenatal screening.

Noninvasive prenatal screening is a long-established and widely used methodology to screen pregnancies for the most common prenatal chromosomal aneuploidies. Since 2017, positive result reports have typically included a positive predictive value to assist informed clinical decision-making. Positive predictive value is calculated based on an assay's sensitivity and specificity for a particular condition, and for the purpose of noninvasive prenatal screening, the aneuploidy's prevalence by maternal age, sometimes further adjusted by gestational age, are included in the calculation.

Viral diversity and host associations in microbial electrolysis cells.

In microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), microbial communities catalyze conversions between dissolved organic compounds, electrical energy, and energy carriers such as hydrogen and methane. Bacteria and archaea, which catalyze reactions on the anode and cathode of MECs, interact with phages; however, phage communities have previously not been examined in MECs. In this study, we used metagenomic sequencing to study prokaryotes and phages in nine MECs.

Effects of probiotics and fibers on markers of nephropathy, inflammation, intestinal barrier dysfunction and endothelial dysfunction in individuals with type 1 diabetes and albuminuria. The ProFOS Study.

Aims: To estimate whether a mix of pre- and probiotics would strengthen the gut barrier and protect the kidneys in individuals with type 1 diabetes and albuminuria.

Methods: Randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Forty-one participants received synbiotic (pre- and probiotics) mix or placebo for 12 weeks with 6 weeks washout.

Effect of spironolactone wash-out on albuminuria after long-term treatment in individuals with type 2 diabetes and high risk of kidney disease-An observational follow-up of the PRIORITY study.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the effect of discontinuation of long-term spironolactone treatment on markers of kidney function in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at high risk of kidney disease enrolled in the Proteomic prediction and Renin angiotensin aldosterone system Inhibition prevention Of early diabetic nephRopathy In TYpe 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (PRIORITY) study.

Materials And Methods: An observational study following the nested randomised part of the PRIORITY study was conducted. A total of 115 individuals with T2D and normoalbuminuria but high risk for progression based on urinary proteomics, randomised to daily spironolactone (n = 50) or placebo (n = 65) for a median of 2.

Effect of Dapagliflozin on Measured vs. Panel-Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors can cause a reversible decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which may influence dosing recommendations for renally excreted medications. In practice, GFR is typically estimated by serum creatinine concentration, but creatinine may not be a reliable indicator of GFR decline in the setting of SGLT2 inhibitor use. Alternative filtration markers such as cystatin C, β-trace protein (BTP), and β2-microglobulin (B2M) may be more appropriate, but little is known about how these markers are affected by SGLT2 inhibitor use.

Community successional patterns and inter-kingdom interactions during granular biofilm development.

Aerobic granular sludge is a compact and efficient biofilm process used for wastewater treatment which has received much attention and is currently being implemented worldwide. The microbial associations and their ecological implications occurring during granule development, especially those involving inter-kingdom interactions, are poorly understood. In this work, we monitored the prokaryote and eukaryote community composition and structure during the granulation of activated sludge for 343 days in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and investigated the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the granule development.

Microbial acidification by N, S, Fe and Mn oxidation as a key mechanism for deterioration of subsea tunnel sprayed concrete.

The deterioration of fibre-reinforced sprayed concrete was studied in the Oslofjord subsea tunnel (Norway). At sites with intrusion of saline groundwater resulting in biofilm growth, the concrete exhibited significant concrete deterioration and steel fibre corrosion. Using amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenomics, the microbial taxa and surveyed potential microbial mechanisms of concrete degradation at two sites over five years were identified.

Cohort profile: the PRIMETIME 1 (PRecIsion MEdicine based on kidney TIssue Molecular interrogation in diabetic nEphropathy) cohort - a longitudinal Danish nationwide study of individuals with diabetes and a performed kidney biopsy.

Purpose: Individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease are at high risk of kidney failure, cardiovascular events and premature mortality and more research is warranted to further improve the prevention and management of complications. The PRecIsion MEdicine based on kidney TIssue Molecular interrogation in diabetic nEphropathy (PRIMETIME) 1 cohort is designed to study clinical characteristics, diagnostic accuracy and prognostic markers in a population with diabetes and kidney disease classified by biopsy.

Participants: This retrospective Danish nationwide cohort includes 2586 individuals with diabetes who have undergone a kidney biopsy between the 1980s and 2022.

The validity of pathology codes for biopsy-confirmed kidney disease in the Danish National Patobank.

Background: This study validates the application of Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine second edition (SNOMED II) codes used to describe medical kidney biopsies in Denmark in encoded form, aiming to support robust epidemiological research on the causes, treatments and prognosis of kidney diseases.

Methods: Kidney biopsy reports from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2018 were randomly extracted from the Danish National Patobank, using SNOMED codes. A 5% sample was selected, and nephrologists assessed the corresponding medical records, assigning each case the applied clinical diagnoses.

Association of multiple sclerosis with incident diabetes: A nationwide cohort study.

Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are two common diseases known to worsen the trajectory of each other, yet it is unknown whether MS is associated with incident DM.

Methods: Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified all patients aged 18-99 with a first-time primary or secondary discharge diagnosis with MS between 2000 and 2018, with no known DM. These patients were matched with control subjects from the background population in a 1:5 ratio based on age and sex, to assess their risk of DM.

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Assessment and treatment of hyperglycaemia in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are challenging. In advanced CKD HbA1c can be unreliable, and treatment adjustments should be supported by other glucose measurements (e.g.

Microbiome structure and function in parallel full-scale aerobic granular sludge and activated sludge processes.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and conventional activated sludge (CAS) are two different biological wastewater treatment processes. AGS consists of self-immobilised microorganisms that are transformed into spherical biofilms, whereas CAS has floccular sludge of lower density. In this study, we investigated the treatment performance and microbiome dynamics of two full-scale AGS reactors and a parallel CAS system at a municipal WWTP in Sweden.

Combination therapy for kidney disease in people with diabetes mellitus.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), defined as co-existing diabetes and chronic kidney disease in the absence of other clear causes of kidney injury, occurs in approximately 20-40% of patients with diabetes mellitus. As the global prevalence of diabetes has increased, DKD has become highly prevalent and a leading cause of kidney failure, accelerated cardiovascular disease, premature mortality and global health care expenditure. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to DKD, and single lifestyle or pharmacological interventions have shown limited efficacy at preserving kidney function.

Effect of dapagliflozin on collectins and complement activation in plasma from patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria: Data from the DapKid cohort.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT- 2) inhibitors exert cardiovascular and kidney-protective effects in people with diabetes. Attenuation of inflammation could be important for systemic protection. The lectin pathway of complement system activation is linked to diabetic nephropathy.

Biofilm colonization and succession in a full-scale partial nitritation-anammox moving bed biofilm reactor.

Background: Partial nitritation-anammox (PNA) is a biological nitrogen removal process commonly used in wastewater treatment plants for the treatment of warm and nitrogen-rich sludge liquor from anaerobic digestion, often referred to as sidestream wastewater. In these systems, biofilms are frequently used to retain biomass with aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria, which together convert ammonium to nitrogen gas. Little is known about how these biofilm communities develop, and whether knowledge about the assembly of biofilms in natural communities can be applied to PNA biofilms.

Randomized Trial of SGLT2 Inhibitor Identifies Target Proteins in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have emerged as novel therapeutics to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Although the beneficial effects of SGLT2i have been demonstrated, their target mechanisms on kidney function are unknown. The current study aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by studying SGLT2i-induced changes in the urinary proteome of persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and DKD.