[Steroid glaucoma in patients with hemoblastosis].

Modern methods of treatment have significantly increased the survival rate of children with oncohematological diseases, and along with it the importance of preserving their quality of life. More than half of patients receiving long-term steroid therapy suffer from glaucoma, which reduces visual acuity. This review analyzes the literature on the patterns of glaucoma development in patients receiving steroid therapy, the results of anatomical, as well as physiological and biochemical changes in the anterior chamber angle leading to the development of glaucoma.

Reactions of immune system to physical exercises.

The great attention to reactions of immune system to the physical exercises in sportsmen is linked to the growth of training volumes, to the increase of competition numbers and to the elevation of morbidity. Immune deficiency may be considered as the detonator of pathological processes among which acute respiratory diseases (ARD) are investigated most completely in sports medicine. Other pathologies require long-term observations, but it is not so simple to do due to the frequent renewal of sports groups.

Problems of Prophylaxis of Secondary Immunodeficiency States.

An attempt is made in this paper to draw up some results of long-term studies conducted by the "Immunoprophylaxis" Center of RANS on such studies. The results of mass and individual studies among 250 thousand blue- and white-collar workers in Russian industrial enterprises are processed in the data bank of the Center, including an analysis of the immunological reactions of 30 thousand individuals studied. An analysis of the results shows that secondary immunodeficiency is encountered in 30% of the people occupied in industrial positions, in 40% of professional athletes and in more than 60% of the children studied.

[Immunological prognosis of the effectiveness of soybean diet].

During 50 days a group of 23 volunteers received lunches prepared on the basis of textured proteins of soy beans. Each lunch included 50 g of proteins. Laboratory investigation was carried on dynamic values of lipid metabolism, cell-mediated, humoral and local immunity.

[The local immunity reactions of swimmers on the Russian all-star team].

Dynamic observation of the national team of swimmers for a period of 3 years demonstrated that physical and psychosomal loadings of competitive sport led to the suppression of local immunity, depending on the level of competitive stress. In a certain number of sportsmen the phenomenon of the complete disappearance of some classes of immunoglobulins and normal antibodies from saliva was registered. The daily rhythms of immune reactions had no influence of the regularities of fluctuations in the levels of immunoglobulins and antibodies at different periods of sporting activities when these changes were most pronounced.

[Sorbed animal immunoglobulins--a reserve for increasing the output of therapeutic antitoxic and diagnostic sera].

Conditions for the desorption of immunoglobulins from the surface of blood cells of animals used for the production of antitoxic therapeutic and diagnostic sera have been established. The possibility of obtaining, in principle, additional amounts of immunoglobulins and specific antibodies (in comparison with their initial content in sera) without increasing the number of producer animals has been demonstrated. The possibility of using desorbed immunoglobulins and specific antibodies in the production of therapeutic and diagnostic immunobiological preparations is discussed.

[Immunological criteria for the selection of servicemen for service under extreme conditions].

The paper deals with the results of the comparative immunological survey of three groups: group I (450 persons), a special unit "Quarantine" undergoing training for hostilities in Afghanistan; group II (800 persons), an armored regiment assigned for home service; and group III (578 persons), students of a vocational technical school. Among the members of all three groups disturbances in the systems of humoral and local immunity were detected, but the number of immunodeficiency cases in group I considerably exceeded that in groups II and III, which correlated with considerably greater morbidity figures registered in group I. On the basis of these data immunological risk groups were formed and immunocorrective measures were recommended.

[Quantitative changes of the blood serum immunoglobulins in patients with diabetes mellitus types I and II and microangiopathy detected by morphologic study].

A study was made of the immunological mechanisms implicated in the evolution of diabetic microangiopathy. For this purpose in 270 patients with type I and II diabetes mellitus, the concentration of IgA, IgM and IgG was measured and compared with morphological alterations in skin biopsy specimens. The control group was made up of 30 normal persons (donors).

[Immunological indices of patients with ragweed pollinosis].

A comparative study of local and humoral immunity in patients with increased sensitivity to ragweed pollen and in healthy persons has been carried out. In untreated patients a six-fold increase of the levels of total IgE and specific anti-ragweed IgE-antibodies in the blood sera and secretions has been registered, which corresponds to the 3rd and 4th grade reaction in the enzyme immunoassay; simultaneously, a decrease in the characteristics of immune responsiveness has been observed. As the levels of total IgE and specific IgE-antibodies are of particular diagnostic value in immediate-type allergic diseases, the authors have examined the patients with ragweed pollenosis at the periods of the absence of clinical manifestations and in the exacerbation of the disease during blossoming with pollen formation.

[Participation of immune mechanisms in the development of microangiopathies in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Biopsies of the thigh skin from 145 patients with immuno-independent diabetes mellitus were studied morphologically. Diabetical microangiopathy was found in 123 patients. IgG, IgM, complement, albumin, beta-lipoproteins, fibrinogen were determined immunohistochemically in the walls of altered vessels.

[Humoral factors of local and systemic immunity in the multiple peroral administration of a corpuscular pertussis vaccine].

Multiple oral immunization with pertussis corpuscular vaccine was shown to lead to the considerable stimulation of local and systemic humoral immunity. The data on the titers of specific and normal secretory antibodies, on the levels of IgA in washings from the oral cavity, the small intestine and the lungs, on the titers of agglutinins and hemagglutinins in the blood serum, as well as on the morpho-functional transformation of the mucous membrane and the associated lymphoid tissue in the digestive tract, are presented in their dynamics. Specific pertussis antibodies in high titers were detected in both intestinal and pulmonary washings.

[Development of a Soviet immunoenzyme test system for the quantitative determination of human immunoglobulin E].

An EIA system for the quantitative determination of human IgE was developed. As the solid phase, polystyrene microplates sensitized with the gamma globulin fraction of sheep antiserum to human IgE were used in this system. Peroxidase conjugate with IgE was prepared with the use of periodate technique.

[Reserve potentials of immunity].

The immunological examination of 350 top level sportsmen has been made at different stages of training and competitions. This examination has revealed that the reaction of the immune system to superextreme loading can be divided into 4 phases: activation, compensation, decompensation and restoration. In the process of adaptation to increasing muscular loading, characteristic of modern competitive sport, the reserves of the immune system are mobilized, and the immunological characteristics are thus maintained at the initial level.

[Humoral factors of general and local immunity in diabetes mellitus].

Considerable changes in the humoral factors of the general and local immunity were revealed during examination of 53 patients. A raised IgA and IgM level and a lowered titer of normal antibodies to antitoxins of diphtheria and tetanus and to staphylococcus antigen were revealed in the patients' blood. The content for IgG, lysozyme and normal antibodies to the antigens of dysentery and whooping cough was normal.