Predictors of longitudinal depression trajectories after traumatic brain injury in Latin America: A multi-site study.

Background: Latin America has exceptionally high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI), but very little research has been conducted on longitudinal TBI outcomes in this global region.

Objective: This study examined whether cognitive dysfunction and social disadaptation in individuals with TBI in Latin America at hospital discharge predict longitudinal trajectories of depression at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months.

Methods: A sample of 109 people with a new TBI was recruited from three hospitals: Mexico City, Mexico, Cali, Colombia and Neiva, Colombia.

The relationship between Parkinson's disease symptoms and caregiver quality of life.

Objective: Caregivers for individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) can experience high burden, which underlies the importance of examining the needs of caregivers to be able to support them in the caregiving role. The current study aims to assess the relationships among PD symptoms and four measures of caregiver quality of life (QOL; i.e.

Reversible Assembly of Microgels by Metallo-Supramolecular Chemistry.

The combination of supramolecular chemistry and soft colloids as microgels represents an ambitious way to develop multi-versatile colloidal assemblies. Hereafter, terpyridine-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAM) microgel building blocks are shown to undergo an assemble-freeze-disassemble process. The microgel assemblies, which are controlled by monitoring the attractive and repulsive potentials between the soft colloidal particles, are then frozen by forming inter-particle metal-terpyridine bis-complexes upon addition of the metallic cation (such as Fe , Co ).

Refining the Factor Structure of the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale.

Although the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS) is a commonly used measure of health literacy, the psychometric evaluation approach employed in its original validation is questionable. In this study, we evaluated the psychometric properties and factor structure of the AAHLS using widely-accepted analytic methods. We collected data from 393 students from a Mid-Atlantic university.

Racism, Mental Health, Healthcare Provider Trust, and Medication Adherence Among Black Patients in Safety-Net Primary Care.

There has been a growing research focus on social determinants to health disparities in general and medication adherence more specifically in low-income Black populations. The purpose of this study was to examine whether prior experiences of racism among Black patients in safety-net primary care indirectly predicts poor medication adherence through increased mental health symptoms and low healthcare provider trust. Two competing models were run whereby mental health leads to provider trust or provider trust leads to mental health in this multiple mediational chain.

Trajectories of self-reported competency up to 10 years following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.

: To describe trajectories of self-reported functional competency up to 10 years following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and identify their predictors from baseline socio-demographic and injury severity characteristics.: Data from 94 participants from a longitudinal cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe TBI were analyzed. Socio-demographic and injury severity data were recorded at baseline.

Does a Useful Test Exist to Properly Evaluate the Pathogenicity of Donor-specific Antibodies? Lessons From a Comprehensive Analysis in a Well-studied Single-center Kidney Transplant Cohort.

Background: Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) play a major role in antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and graft dysfunction. However, the clinical relevance of complement-binding anti-HLA antibodies remains unclear.

Methods: Here, we analyzed DSA detected in the serum (sDSA) using single antigen bead, C1q, and C3d assays combined with the study of intragraft DSA (gDSA) in 86 patients who had DSA and underwent a kidney biopsy for cause (n = 58) or without evidence of kidney dysfunction (n = 28).

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Longitudinal Trajectories of Community Integration After Burn Injury.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine potential racial/ethnic disparities in community integration for the 2 yrs after burn injury.

Design: A sample of 1773 adults with burn injury from the Burn Model Systems database was used with data on community integration collected at discharge (preinjury recall), 6, 12, and 24 mos after discharge.

Methods: Four sets of hierarchal linear models determined the most appropriate model for understanding racial/ethnic differences in Community Integration Questionnaire trajectories over time.

Parkinson's Symptoms and Caregiver Burden and Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Mediational Model.

Informal caregivers are critical in the care of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and spend substantial time providing care, which may be associated with negative caregiver outcomes such as burden and mental health issues. Although research in the United States and Europe has generally supported these relations, there is very limited research on PD caregiving in Latin America. The current study examined the following connections in a sample of PD caregivers from the United States ( = 105) and Mexico ( = 148): (a) PD-related impairments (motor and nonmotor symptoms) and caregiver burden, (b) caregiver burden and caregiver mental health, and (c) PD-related impairments and mental health through caregiver burden.

Parkinson's family needs and caregiver mental health: A cross-cultural comparison between Mexico and the United States.

Background/objective: Given the growing population of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) worldwide and the growing need for family members to take on a caregiving role, it is critical that cross-cultural differences be examined in order to better meet the needs of PD caregivers. The purpose of this study was to examine the connections between the unmet needs and mental health of PD caregivers differentially in Mexico and the United States.

Methods: In Parkinson's clinics at public, academic medical centers, PD caregivers from Mexico (n = 148) and the United States (n = 105) completed measures of unmet family needs and mental health.

Reciprocal Effects Between Loneliness and Sleep Disturbance in Older Americans.

To model the relationship between loneliness and sleep disturbance over time. : Data came from the Health and Retirement Study (2006, 2010, 2014 waves; age ≥ 65 years; = 5,067). Loneliness was measured via the Hughes Loneliness Scale and sleep disturbance via a four-item scale assessing sleep and restedness.

Ribavirin for Hepatitis E Virus Infection After Organ Transplantation: A Large European Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Ribavirin is currently recommended for treating chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. This retrospective European multicenter study aimed to assess the sustained virological response (SVR) in a large cohort of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with chronic HEV infection treated with ribavirin monotherapy (N = 255), to identify the predictive factors for SVR, and to evaluate the impact of HEV RNA mutations on virological response.

Methods: Data from 255 SOT recipients with chronic HEV infection from 30 European centers were analyzed.

The Underpinnings of Ageism: Multiple Mediational Model of Epistemological Style, Social Dominance Orientation, Right-Wing Authoritarianism, and Ageist Attitudes.

This study seeks to understand the psychological factors that may contribute to the development and endorsement of ageist belief systems. Dual process theory is used to examine how one's worldview, beliefs in social hierarchy, authoritarian aggression, authoritarian submission, and conventionalism predict ageist attitudes. Participants living in the United States ( = 407) in 49 states and territories were recruited through this online national study and completed surveys of their ageist beliefs, epistemological style, social dominance orientation (SDO), and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA).

Normative Values of Saccades and Smooth Pursuit in Children Aged 5 to 17 Years.

Background: Pediatric oculomotor function can be evaluated via videonystagmography. Adult normative data for saccades and smooth pursuit tests cannot be used as a benchmark for pediatric patients because children's peripheral and central systems continue to mature throughout adolescence.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish normative data for saccade and smooth pursuit tests that can be used clinically in the assessment of vestibular and neurological disorders in children, and to investigate the effect of age and eye movement direction (left/right) on tests parameters.

Social determinants of sleep disturbance in safety-net primary care: unmet needs, classist discrimination, and anxiety.

Background: The 3P model proposes that predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors all play a role in sleep disturbance.

Objective: The purpose of the current study is to investigate social determinants of sleep disturbance by applying the 3P model to a safety-net primary care setting, specifically by evaluating the role of classism and unmet needs as precipitating factors for sleep disturbance, and anxiety as a perpetuating factor for sleep disturbance.

Methods: Participants (N = 210) were a convenience sample of racially/ethnically diverse adults over the age of 18 (age M = 44.

Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Homophobic Content Agent Target Scale Among Adolescent Students.

This study examined the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Spanish version of the Homophobic Content Agent Target (HCAT) scale in a sample of 1848 high school students. Participants completed an online survey including measures of homophobic bullying, depression, and anxiety. The factor structure showed adequate fit indices in Spanish adolescents similar to the original scale.

Participation in faecal immunochemical testing-based colorectal cancer screening programmes in the northwest of Europe.

Objective: This study compared the participation in four faecal immunochemical testing-based screening programmes for colorectal cancer in Flanders, France, Basque country and the Netherlands, to identify factors to further optimize faecal immunochemical testing programmes.

Method: Background information and data on performance indicators were collected and compared for the four programmes.

Results: Invitation method, reminders, funding, faecal immunochemical testing cut-off and follow-up after positive faecal immunochemical testing differed in the four programmes.

Moderating influence of enculturation on the relations between minority stressors and physical health via anxiety in Latinx immigrants.

Objectives: The Latinx population in the United States has grown rapidly, now standing at over 56 million people. Discrimination and acculturative stress have been found to affect the mental and physical health of Latinx immigrants, yet enculturation has been identified as an important cultural strength for this population. The purpose of this study was to examine the relations among minority stressors, anxiety, and physical health in a sample of Latinx immigrants living in the United States.

The minority strengths model: Development and initial path analytic validation in racially/ethnically diverse LGBTQ individuals.

Objective: The minority stress model and much research based upon it tend to adopt and reinforce a deficit-based approach. This study created and initially validated the minority strengths model, which by contrast outlines how personal and collective strengths in minority populations create resilience and positive mental and physical health.

Materials And Method: A sample of 317 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds completed a national online survey.

Path analytic modeling of psychologists' openness to performing clinical work with telepsychology: A national study.

Objective: To examine whether the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) apply to psychologists' openness to using telepsychology.

Method: Participants were 1,791 psychologists currently practicing psychotherapy. Participants represented all 50 US states and averaged 26.

Influence of different loupe systems and their light source on the vision in endodontics.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Galilean and Keplerian loupes in the endodontic lumen with and without integrated light. Although the use of an operating microscope is widely recommended in endodontics it is uncertain whether an adequate loupe system with coaxial light source might replace the microscope for some endodontic work. Twenty-four dentists (age 27–64 years) underwent a miniaturized visual test inside the endodontic lumen of a natural molar: at the canal entrance, 5 mm inside the canal, and at the apex.