Factors associated with the development of recurrent and contralateral Charcot neuroarthropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus: A scoping review.

Introduction: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) can result in fractures and dislocations of the foot and ankle in individuals with diabetes and neuropathy, leading to ulceration, amputation and a poor quality of life. Additional episodes of acute CN can lead to extended periods of physical and psychosocial distress. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and synthesise the evidence relating to factors associated with the development of recurrent and contralateral Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) in individuals with diabetes.

F-actin in the cuticular plate and junctions of auditory hair cells is regulated by ADF and cofilin to allow for normal stereocilia bundle patterning and maintenance.

Auditory hair cells, which convert sound-induced vibrations in the inner ear into neural signals, depend on multiple actin populations for normal function. Stereocilia are mechanosensory protrusions formed around a core of linear, crosslinked F-actin. They are anchored in the cuticular plate, which predominantly consists of randomly oriented actin filaments.

Assessment, diagnosis and management characteristics of people with acute Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy in a regional Australian health service: A 3-year retrospective audit.

Objective: Acute Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy (CN) is highly destructive, causing bone and joint damage that can result in devastating structural changes to the foot. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of assessment, diagnosis and management of people with acute CN attending a large regional Australian health service.

Design: Three-year retrospective medical record audit.

Development of a sequence-based OspA typing method for .

Lyme disease (LD), caused by spirochete bacteria of the genus , remains the most common vector-borne disease in the northern hemisphere. outer surface protein A (OspA) is an integral surface protein expressed during the tick cycle, and a validated vaccine target. There are at least 20 recognized genospecies, that vary in OspA serotype.

How far has diabetes-related foot disease research progressed in Australia? A bibliometric review (1970-2023).

Background: Diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) is a leading cause of the Australian and global disease burdens and requires proportionate volumes of research to address. Bibliometric analyses are rigorous methods for exploring total research publications in a field to help identify volume trends, gaps and emerging areas of need. This bibliometric review aimed to explore the volume, authors, institutions, journals, collaborating countries, research types and funding sources of Australian publications investigating DFD over 50 years.

The dynamics of actin protrusions can be controlled by tip-localized myosin motors.

Class III myosins localize to inner ear hair cell stereocilia and are thought to be crucial for stereocilia length regulation. Mutations within the motor domain of MYO3A that disrupt its intrinsic motor properties have been associated with non-syndromic hearing loss, suggesting that the motor properties of MYO3A are critical for its function within stereocilia. In this study, we investigated the impact of a MYO3A hearing loss mutation, H442N, using both in vitro motor assays and cell biological studies.

The quest for wellness: How to optimise self-care strategies for diabetic foot management?

Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is common and highly recurrent, negatively impacting the individuals' quality of life. The 2023 guidelines of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot emphasise that adherence to foot self-care recommendations is one of the most important factors in DFU prevention. These guidelines also briefly mention that depression and other psychosocial problems can hamper treatment and ulcer healing.

Experimental dataset of the impact assessment of vegetable intercropping on agroeconomic performances, pests and beneficials, and soil resources.

The data presented in this article were collected in the field at an experimental station in southern France under a Mediterranean climate. Experiments were conducted under three plastic walk-in tunnels used as blocks with organic farming practices over two successive years in a completely randomized design. The aim was to compare the intercropping of sweet pepper with basil, onion, lettuce, parsley or French bean to a sole crop of sweet pepper used as a control.

Magnesium production by molten salt electrolysis with liquid tin cathode and multiple effect distillation.

Low-cost clean primary production of magnesium metal is important for its use in many applications, from light-weight structural components to energy technologies. This work describes new experiments and cost and emissions analysis for a magnesium metal production process. The process combines molten salt electrolysis of MgO using MgF₂-CaF₂ electrolyte and a reactive liquid tin cathode, with gravity-driven multiple effect thermal system (G-METS) distillation to separate out the magnesium product, and re-use of the tin.

Habitual Physical Activity of People with or at Risk of Diabetes-Related Foot Complications.

Regular physical activity is an important component of diabetes management. However, there are limited data on the habitual physical activity of people with or at risk of diabetes-related foot complications. The aim of this study was to describe the habitual physical activity of people with or at risk of diabetes-related foot complications in regional Australia.

Generating high-fidelity cochlear organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.

Mechanosensitive hair cells in the cochlea are responsible for hearing but are vulnerable to damage by genetic mutations and environmental insults. The paucity of human cochlear tissues makes it difficult to study cochlear hair cells. Organoids offer a compelling platform to study scarce tissues in vitro; however, derivation of cochlear cell types has proven non-trivial.

Offloading effects of a removable cast walker with and without modification for diabetes-related foot ulceration: a plantar pressure study.

Background: Removable cast walkers (RCWs), with or without modifications, are used to offload diabetes-related foot ulcers (DRFUs), however there is limited data relating to their offloading effects. This study aimed to quantify plantar pressure reductions with an RCW with and without modification for DRFUs.

Methods: This within-participant, repeated measures study included 16 participants with plantar neuropathic DRFUs.

Control of stereocilia length during development of hair bundles.

Assembly of the hair bundle, the sensory organelle of the inner ear, depends on differential growth of actin-based stereocilia. Separate rows of stereocilia, labeled 1 through 3 from tallest to shortest, lengthen or shorten during discrete time intervals during development. We used lattice structured illumination microscopy and surface rendering to measure dimensions of stereocilia from mouse apical inner hair cells during early postnatal development; these measurements revealed a sharp transition at postnatal day 8 between stage III (row 1 and 2 widening; row 2 shortening) and stage IV (final row 1 lengthening and widening).

Probing gigahertz coherent acoustic phonons in TiO mesoporous thin films.

Ultrahigh-frequency acoustic-phonon resonators usually require atomically flat interfaces to avoid phonon scattering and dephasing, leading to expensive fabrication processes, such as molecular beam epitaxy. Mesoporous thin films are based on inexpensive wet chemical fabrication techniques that lead to relatively flat interfaces regardless the presence of nanopores. Here, we report mesoporous titanium dioxide-based acoustic resonators with resonances up to 90 GHz, and quality factors from 3 to 7.

Enhancing the quality of allied health clinical supervision in a regional setting: An action research study.

Objective: To explore and describe strategies to enhance the implementation of an organisational clinical supervision framework and subsequently inform the development of a model of implementation of clinical supervision for allied health professionals in a regional health care setting.

Setting: A large regional health service in Victoria, providing hospital, rehabilitation, community, mental health and aged care services.

Participants: Allied health managers employed at the health service were members of an action research group.

Health-related quality of life and associated factors in people with diabetes at high risk of foot ulceration.

Background: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with diabetes-related foot complications has been increasingly reported, mostly from studies of people with a foot ulcer. The aim of this study was to assess HRQoL and determine factors associated with HRQoL in people with diabetes at high risk of foot ulceration.

Methods: In all, 304 participants enrolled in the Diabetic Foot Temperature Trial (DIATEMP) were included in the cross-sectional analysis.

Characterization of TRPV4-mediated signaling pathways in an optimized human choroid plexus epithelial cell line.

The objectives of these studies were twofold: ) to characterize the human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cell line as a model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) via morphology, tightness, and polarization of transporters in choroid plexus epithelia (CPe), and ) to utilize Ussing-style electrophysiology to elucidate signaling pathways associated with the activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion. RT-PCR was implemented to determine gene expression of cell fate markers, junctional complex proteins, and transporters of interest. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal three-dimensional renderings of cultures grown on permeable supports were utilized to delineate the morphology of the brush border, junctional complexes, and polarization of key transporters.

Nucleotide- and Protein-Dependent Functions of .

Cytoplasmic β- and γ-actin proteins are 99% identical but support unique organismal functions. The cytoplasmic actin nucleotide sequences  and , respectively, are more divergent but still 89% similar.  mice are embryonic lethal and  cells fail to proliferate, but editing the  gene to express γ-actin () resulted in none of the overt phenotypes of the knockout revealing protein-independent functions for .

Effectiveness of allied health clinical supervision following the implementation of an organisational framework.

Background: Clinical supervision makes an important contribution to high quality patient care and professional wellbeing for the allied health workforce. However, there is limited research examining the longitudinal implementation of clinical supervision for allied health. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of clinical supervision for allied health at a regional health service and clinicians' perceptions of the implementation of an organisational clinical supervision framework.

The Effect of Structured Exercise Compared with Education on Neuropathic Signs and Symptoms in People at Risk of Neuropathic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

: Lifestyle interventions such as exercise prescription and education may play a role in the management of peripheral neuropathy in people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of undertaking an exercise program in comparison with an education program on the signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in people with diabetes at risk of neuropathic foot ulceration. Twenty-four adult participants with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy were enrolled in this parallel-group, assessor blinded, randomised clinical trial.

Australian guideline on wound classification of diabetes-related foot ulcers: part of the 2021 Australian evidence-based guidelines for diabetes-related foot disease.

Background: Wound classification systems are useful tools to characterise diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU) and are utilised for the purpose of clinical assessment, to promote effective communication between health professionals, and to support clinical audit and benchmarking. Australian guidelines regarding wound classification in patients with DFU are outdated. We aimed to adapt existing international guidelines for wound classification to develop new evidence-based Australian guidelines for wound classification in people with diabetes and DFU.