Rebuilding trust in psychotherapy for biologically explained depression: A two-part experimental study examining the durability of an online psychoeducational intervention.

Biological explanations of mental disorders, which are gaining prominence, can decrease trust in psychotherapy. To rebuild trust, this experimental study tests a psychoeducational intervention targeting misconceptions that (1) psychotherapy cannot change the brain; (2) people rarely have agency over biology while psychotherapy requires agency; (3) psychosocial causes, addressed in psychotherapy, are less probable given biological causes. U.

Explaining How Psychotherapy Affects the Brain Can Increase the Perceived Effectiveness of Psychotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Past studies repeatedly found that biological explanations of mental disorders cause laypeople and clinicians to doubt the effectiveness of psychotherapy. This could be clinically detrimental, as combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy is often optimal. The distrust of psychotherapy is theorized to stem from dualistic reasoning that psychotherapy, perceived as occurring in the mind, does not necessarily affect the brain.

The effect of neuroscientific evidence on sentencing depends on how one conceives of reasons for incarceration.

Neuroscientific evidence is increasingly utilized in criminal legal proceedings, prompting discussions about how such evidence might influence legal decisions. The effect of neuroscientific testimony on legal decisions remains uncertain, with some studies finding no effect, others reporting that neuroscience has a mitigating impact, and some indicating neuroscience evidence has an aggravating effect. The present study attempts to explain these divergent findings by showing that the effect of neuroscience evidence on sentencing interacts with beliefs about the goals of the criminal legal system.

The symptom discounting effect: what to do when negative genetic test results become risk factors for alcohol use disorder.

Most consumers of genetic testing for health conditions test negative, yet the psychological perils of this are hardly known. In three experiments (N = 2103) participants discounted repercussions of alcohol use disorder (AUD), after learning or imagining that they were not genetically predisposed to AUD. Such discounting can lead people to avoid treatment and to feel safe to continue or even increase their drinking, ironically turning the negative genetic feedback into a risk factor for AUD.

Introduction of Mutant GNAQ into Endothelial Cells Induces a Vascular Malformation Phenotype with Therapeutic Response to Imatinib.

GNAQ is mutated in vascular and melanocytic lesions, including vascular malformations and nevi. No in vivo model of GNAQ activation in endothelial cells has previously been described. We introduce mutant GNAQ into a murine endothelial cell line, MS1.

Hantavirus Disease and COVID-19.

Objectives: Navajo Nation is disproportionately affected by hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe respiratory disease that can quickly progress to respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. The initial signs and symptoms of HCPS are indistinguishable from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, this distinction is critical, as the disease course differs greatly, with most patients with COVID-19 experiencing mild to moderate illness.

Rare presentation of inflammatory pseudotumour involving subcutaneous tissues with superficial fat sparing.

We present a unique case of inflammatory pseudotumour involving gluteal subcutaneous tissue with the sparing of superficial fat and report its contrast-enhanced CT, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT and pathological findings. Although rare, inflammatory pseudotumours have been reported with a diverse spectrum of locations; however, the involvement of the subcutaneous tissue overlying the gluteal muscles with sparing of the most superficial fat has not been reported.

Nodal metastases of soft tissue sarcomas: risk factors, imaging findings, and implications.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignancies derived from connective tissue, and regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM), while not common, is an important aspect of prognosis and treatment. Various risk factors, in particular the histological subtype, affect the likelihood of nodal involvement, which can be characterized by imaging features such as nodal dimension and morphology. Currently, surveillance and management vary by institution, as concrete societal guidelines have not been established.

Cytodiagnostic Sensitivity of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy for Hodgkin's Lymphoma Is Decreased in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of fine needle aspiration (FNA) for the diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in HIV-infected patients.

Study Design: An electronic search was conducted to retrospectively identify patients diagnosed with HL who underwent FNA followed by confirmatory biopsy. FNAs were categorized as negative, atypical/suspicious/positive, or nondiagnostic.

Flt3L Treatment of Bone Marrow Donors Increases Graft Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Content and Improves Allogeneic Transplantation Outcomes.

A higher number of donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) is associated with increased survival and reduced graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in human recipients of unrelated donor bone marrow (BM) grafts, but not granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood grafts. We show that in murine models, donor BM pDCs are associated with increased survival and decreased GVHD compared with G-CSF-mobilized pDCs. To increase the content of pDCs in BM grafts, we studied the effect of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) treatment of murine BM donors on transplantation outcomes.

Comparison of prediction models for use of medical resources at urban auto-racing events.

Unlabelled: INTRODUCTION Predicting the number of patient encounters and transports during mass gatherings can be challenging. The nature of these events necessitates that proper resources are available to meet the needs that arise. Several prediction models to assist event planners in forecasting medical utilization have been proposed in the literature.

Novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic heart disease.

Despite significant advances in the physician's ability to initiate myocardial reperfusion and salvage heart tissue, ischemic heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Consequently, alternative therapeutic strategies have been intensively investigated, especially methods of enhancing the heart's resistance to ischemic cell death - so called "cardioprotective" interventions. However, although a great deal has been learned regarding the methods and mechanisms of cardioprotective interventions, an efficacious therapy has yet to be successfully implemented in the clinical arena.

Conditional knockout of myocyte focal adhesion kinase abrogates ischemic preconditioning in adult murine hearts.

Background: Our laboratory has previously demonstrated the importance of a cytoskeletal-based survival signaling pathway using in vitro models of ischemia/reperfusion (IR). However, the importance of this pathway in mediating stress-elicited survival signaling in vivo is unknown.

Methods And Results: The essential cytoskeletal signaling pathway member focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was selectively deleted in adult cardiac myocytes using a tamoxifen-inducible Cre-Lox system (α-MHC-MerCreMer).

Case report and review of the literature total endovascular repair of acute ascending aortic rupture: a case report and review of the literature.

Thoracic aortic endografting has been successfully implemented to treat aneurysmal disease of the distal aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta. Although there are reports of ascending aortic endovascular interventions, the total endovascular repair of a ruptured ascending aorta secondary to a Type A dissection has not been described. We report the case of a 77-year-old patient who presented with a ruptured ascending aortic aneurysm secondary to degeneration of a Stanford type A aortic dissection.

Fluid biopsy for circulating tumor cell identification in patients with early-and late-stage non-small cell lung cancer: a glimpse into lung cancer biology.

Circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts are an established prognostic marker in metastatic prostate, breast and colorectal cancer, and recent data suggest a similar role in late stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, due to sensitivity constraints in current enrichment-based CTC detection technologies, there are few published data about CTC prevalence rates and morphologic heterogeneity in early-stage NSCLC, or the correlation of CTCs with disease progression and their usability for clinical staging. We investigated CTC counts, morphology and aggregation in early stage, locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC patients by using a fluid-phase biopsy approach that identifies CTCs without relying on surface-receptor-based enrichment and presents them in sufficiently high definition (HD) to satisfy diagnostic pathology image quality requirements.

Outpatient video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Up to 20% of abnormal parathyroid glands causing primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism are located ectopically. Of these, approximately 1%-2% reside in the mediastinum and may not always be resectable through a traditional cervical approach. Recently, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has arisen as a minimally invasive method for resecting mediastinal parathyroid glands and avoiding the complications and higher morbidity of a sternotomy.

Impact of EUS-guided FNA of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on subsequent thoracic surgery rates.

Background: A histopathologic diagnosis of metastasis in enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes usually results in non-surgical management. Cytologic specimens obtained by EUS-guided FNA can be used to detect malignancy in posterior mediastinal lymph nodes. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of thoracic surgery after EUS-guided FNA of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.

Severe ostial saphenous vein graft disease leading to acute coronary syndromes following proximal aorto-saphenous anastomoses with the symmetry bypass connector device: is it a suture device or a "stent"?

The Symmetry Bypass Connector (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, Minnesota) is a nitinol, star-shaped device that was designed to facilitate placement of sutureless aorto-saphenous anastomoses during off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

Endoscopic ultrasound/fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of a malignant subcarinal lymph node in a patient with lung cancer and a negative positron emission tomography scan.

Transesophageal, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and positron emission tomography (PET) scanning are new modalities for staging non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the roles of which are still being defined. A 78-year-old man with a right lower lobe (RLL) mass and mediastinal adenopathy seen on CT scan had a PET scan that revealed only a RLL hypermetabolic area. EUS/FNA cytology of a subcarinal lymph node (LN) revealed the presence of NSCLC.

Volume reduction surgery in the native lung after single lung transplantation for emphysema.

The natural history of emphysema suggests that progression of disease in the native lung may contribute to late deterioration in respiratory function after single lung transplantation. In this report, we describe our experience with unilateral volume reduction surgery in three single lung transplant recipients with emphysema. Each patient had had a late decline in lung function with a recurrence of symptoms.

Techniques for bronchial anastomosis.

Background: Many techniques have been described to optimize the construction of the bronchial anastomosis in lung transplantation. Over the past 60 months we have performed 86 bronchial anastomoses in 70 patients receiving single lung or bilateral single lung transplants.

Methods: No anastomosis was wrapped and no attempt was made at revascularization of bronchial arteries.