Nurse practitioner and physician assistant transition to practice: A scoping review of fellowships and onboarding programs.

Background: Newly graduated nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) benefit from transition-to-practice (TTP) support to move successfully into practice. Transition-to-practice programs (i.e.

NP and PA transition to practice: A scoping review of fellowships and onboarding programs.

Objectives: Newly graduated NPs and physician associates/assistants (PAs) benefit from transition to practice (TTP) support to move successfully into practice. TTP programs (such as onboarding programs, fellowships, and residencies) hold promise for improving workforce outcomes. The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the literature regarding NP/PA TTP programs.

Impact of primary care usual provider type and provider interdependence on outcomes for patients with diabetes: a cohort study.

Background: Interprofessional primary care (PC) teams are key to the provision of high-quality care. PC providers often 'share' patients (eg, a patient may see multiple providers in the same clinic), resulting in between-visit interdependence between providers. However, concern remains that PC provider interdependence will reduce quality of care, causing some organisations to hesitate in creating multiple provider teams.

Physician assistant and nurse practitioner onboarding in primary care: The participant perspective.

Background: Many new graduate primary care physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) can experience stress and difficulty as they transition to practice. Feelings of anxiety and role ambiguity are common and can lead to costly turnover, impact care continuity, and place patients at risk for poor clinical outcomes. Onboarding, the process of helping new hires adjust to social and performance aspects of their new job and has the potential to ease transition to practice for PAs and NPs.

PA and NP onboarding in primary care: The participant perspective.

Objective: To describe new graduate physician associate/assistant (PA) and NP perspectives of onboarding programs in their first primary care position.

Methods: Thirteen semistructured interviews were conducted with new graduate PAs and NPs who participated in onboarding programs. Interviews were transcribed and then analyzed using an inductive coding methodology.

When is caring sharing? Primary care provider interdependence and continuity of care.

Efforts to improve access to high-quality, efficient primary care have highlighted the need for team-based care. Most primary care teams are designed to maintain continuity of care between patients and primary care providers (PCPs), because continuity of care can improve some patient outcomes. However, PCPs are interdependent because they care for, or share, patients.

Transition-to-practice programs for newly graduated advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to map the evidence on transition-to-practice programs for newly graduated advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants, and describe how they differ. Additional objectives include summarizing what outcomes are evaluated and what gaps remain within the literature. By consolidating this information, health care administrators may more easily reference transition-to-practice methods to enhance their own programs for advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants.

Teaming up in primary care: Membership boundaries, interdependence, and coordination.

Objective: Increased demand for quality primary care and value-based payment has prompted interest in implementing primary care teams. Evidence-based recommendations for implementing teams will be critical to successful PA participation. This study sought to describe how primary care providers (PCPs) define team membership boundaries and coordinate tasks.

Emerging practices in onboarding programs for PAs: Program content.

Objective: Healthcare organizations are interested in creating onboarding programs to assist new PA and NP employees as they transition to practice settings. There is a need for information on what the ideal content and topic areas are for clinics to include in their onboarding programs.

Methods: In 2018, we interviewed 13 administrators of onboarding programs.

PA job availability in primary care during 2014 and 2016.

Objectives: The objective of this project was to evaluate demand for PAs by examination of job postings. We compared proportions of PAs in primary care with proportions of job postings in primary care in 2014 and 2016 and described job postings for PAs by specialty in 2014 and 2016.

Methods: Internet job postings for PAs supplied by Burning Glass Technologies were evaluated for practice specialty.

Utilization and Costs by Primary Care Provider Type: Are There Differences Among Diabetic Patients of Physicians, Nurse Practitioners, and Physician Assistants?

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare health care utilization and costs among diabetes patients with physician, nurse practitioner (NP), or physician assistant (PA) primary care providers (PCPs).

Research Design And Methods: Cohort study using Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic health record data to examine the relationship between PCP type and utilization and costs over 1 year in 368,481 adult, diabetes patients. Relationship between PCP type and utilization and costs in 2013 was examined with extensive adjustment for patient and facility characteristics.

Emerging practices in onboarding programs for PAs and NPs.

Objective: To describe administrative factors that should be considered when designing an onboarding program for physician assistants (PAs) and NPs.

Methods: Interview study of 13 administrators of onboarding programs. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed for themes by a team of researchers, with feedback from interviewees.

Predicted shortages of physicians might even disappear if we fully account for PAs and NPs.

Healthcare workforce projections have important policy implications. Provider shortages can shortchange patients, and overproduction of providers imposes costs on society. The most publicized physician supply and demand projections, commissioned annually by the Association of American Medical Colleges, regularly predict dire physician shortages.

Impact Of Physicians, Nurse Practitioners, And Physician Assistants On Utilization And Costs For Complex Patients.

Because of workforce needs and demographic and chronic disease trends, nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) are taking a larger role in the primary care of medically complex patients with chronic conditions. Research shows good quality outcomes, but concerns persist that NPs' and PAs' care of vulnerable populations could increase care costs compared to the traditional physician-dominated system. We used 2012-13 Veterans Affairs data on a cohort of medically complex patients with diabetes to compare health services use and costs depending on whether the primary care provider was a physician, NP, or PA.

Primary care provider type: Are there differences in patients' intermediate diabetes outcomes?

Growing demand for services is leading primary care organizations to explore new delivery models. One approach incorporates multiple primary care providers on a team. Effective incorporation of multiple clinicians into teams requires well-defined roles, including the usual provider (who provides the majority of primary care) and supplemental providers (who provide a minority of primary care visits).

Intermediate Diabetes Outcomes in Patients Managed by Physicians, Nurse Practitioners, or Physician Assistants: A Cohort Study.

Background: Primary care provided by nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) has been proposed as a solution to expected workforce shortages.

Objective: To examine potential differences in intermediate diabetes outcomes among patients of physician, NP, and PA primary care providers (PCPs).

Design: Cohort study using data from the U.

Interpersonal continuity of primary care of veterans with diabetes: a cohort study using electronic health record data.

Background: Continuity of care is a cornerstone of primary care and is important for patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes. The study objective was to examine patient, provider and contextual factors associated with interpersonal continuity of care (ICoC) among Veteran's Health Administration (VHA) primary care patients with diabetes.

Methods: This patient-level cohort study (N = 656,368) used electronic health record data of adult, pharmaceutically treated patients (96.

Knowing Your Worth: Salary Expectations and Gender of Matriculating Physician Assistant Students.

Purpose: The male-female wage gap is present and persistent in the health care sector, even among physician assistants (PAs). Explanations for the persistent gender earnings gap include differential salary expectations of men and women based, in part, on women's lower pay entitlement. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in salary expectations between male and female matriculating PA students nationwide, adjusting for other factors expected to affect salaries and pay expectations of both male and female matriculants.

Primary care multidisciplinary teams in practice: a qualitative study.

Background: Current recommendations for strengthening the US healthcare system consider restructuring primary care into multidisciplinary teams as vital to improving quality and efficiency. Yet, approaches to the selection of team designs remain unclear. This project describes current primary care team designs, primary care professionals' perceptions of ideal team designs, and perceived facilitating factors and barriers to implementing ideal team-based care.

Job openings for PAs by specialty.

Objective: Physician assistants (PAs) have adapted to roles in virtually every practice specialty. One factor that has affected PAs' specialty choices has been the availability of jobs. We describe 2014 job postings for PAs at the national level by practice specialty.

Factors Associated With Having a Physician, Nurse Practitioner, or Physician Assistant as Primary Care Provider for Veterans With Diabetes Mellitus.

Expanded use of nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) is a potential solution to workforce issues, but little is known about how NPs and PAs can best be used. Our study examines whether medical and social complexity of patients is associated with whether their primary care provider (PCP) type is a physician, NP, or PA. In this national retrospective cohort study, we use 2012-2013 national Veterans Administration (VA) electronic health record data from 374 223 veterans to examine whether PCP type is associated with patient, clinic, and state-level factors representing medical and social complexity, adjusting for all variables simultaneously using a generalized logit model.