Steatotic Liver Disease in Pediatric Obesity and Increased Risk for Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To assess 1) the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in pediatric obesity and youth-onset type 2 diabetes, 2) the joint effect of MASLD and intermediate hyperglycemia on type 2 diabetes risk, and 3) the effect of obesity treatment on type 2 diabetes risk.

Research Design And Methods: A cohort study using the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (Barnobesitas Registret i Sverige [BORIS]) (1999-2020) linked with national registers was conducted. We included 10,346 children with overweight or obesity and 59,336 matched control individuals.

Evaluating probiotic efficacy on weight loss in adults with overweight through a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial.

The aim was to assess the weight-reducing effects of various doses of a probiotic dietary supplement and evaluate the tolerance and safety of increased dosage. A 3-month double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, followed by a 3-month open phase, was conducted at Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. The probiotic compound AB001 was tested at two doses (single and double) and compared with placebo during the blinded phase, and at triple dose during the open phase.

Height and Growth Velocity in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Obesity Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Context: Pediatric obesity affects endocrine conditions, which may alter growth.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the effect of obesity severity and obesity treatment outcome on growth.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included children (aged 3-18 years) enrolled in the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS) (1998-2020).

Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with obesity.

It is unclear if associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk factors are independent of degree of obesity, in children with obesity. The aim of this cross-sectional study on 151 children (36.4% girls), 9-17 years, from a Swedish obesity clinic, was to investigate associations between CRF and cardiometabolic risk factors, adjusted for body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), in children with obesity.

The association between perinatal factors and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity: A retrospective two-cohort study.

Background: Children with obesity have an increased risk of cardiometabolic risk factors, but not all children carry a similar risk. Perinatal factors, i.e.

Pediatric obesity-Long-term consequences and effect of weight loss.

Childhood obesity is, according to the WHO, one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century. More than 100 million children have obesity today. Already during childhood, almost all organs are at risk of being affected by obesity.

Effect of an interactive mobile health support system and daily weight measurements for pediatric obesity treatment, a 1-year pragmatical clinical trial.

Background: Pediatric obesity lifestyle treatment is not always successful. Frequent clinical visits are of major importance to certify sufficient effect but are difficult due to the associated costs and the great demands on families. We hypothesized that an interactive digital support may reduce the need for frequent physical visits.

Obesity in childhood, socioeconomic status, and completion of 12 or more school years: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Children with obesity achieve lower educational level compared with normal-weight peers. Parental socioeconomic status (SES) impacts both a child's academic achievement and risk of obesity. The degree to which the association between obesity and education depends on parental SES is unclear.

Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humans.

Background: Precisely engineered mesoporous silica has been shown to induce weight loss in mice, but whether it is safe to use in humans have not investigated.

Objective: The aim was to determine whether oral dosing, up to 9 grams/day, of precisely engineered mesoporous silica as a food additive can be used safely in male humans.

Design: This single blinded safety study consisted of two study arms including 10 males each (18-35 years).

A novel interactive mobile health support system for pediatric obesity treatment: a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Background: In order to achieve improved weight status, behavioral pediatric obesity treatment is resource intensive. Mobile Health (mHealth) is more accessible than standard care but effective approaches are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this feasibility trial was to study trial design, mHealth usage, compliance, and acceptability of a novel mHealth approach in pediatric obesity treatment.

Entrapping Digestive Enzymes with Engineered Mesoporous Silica Particles Reduces Metabolic Risk Factors in Humans.

Engineered mesoporous silica particles (MSP) are thermally and chemically stable porous materials composed of pure silica and have attracted attention for their potential biomedical applications. Oral intake of engineered MSP is shown to reduce body weight and adipose tissue in mice. Here, clinical data from a first-in-humans study in ten healthy individuals with obesity are reported, demonstrating a reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which are well-established metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors.

Association of childhood obesity with risk of early all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A Swedish prospective cohort study.

Background: Pediatric obesity is associated with increased risk of premature death from middle age onward, but whether the risk is already increased in young adulthood is unclear. The aim was to investigate whether individuals who had obesity in childhood have an increased mortality risk in young adulthood, compared with a population-based comparison group.

Methods And Findings: In this prospective cohort study, we linked nationwide registers and collected data on 41,359 individuals.

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden.

Background: Anxiety and depression are more common in children with obesity than in children of normal weight, but it is unclear whether this association is independent of other known risk factors. Interpretation of results from previous studies is hampered by methodological limitations, including self-reported assessment of anxiety, depression, and anthropometry. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity increases the risk of anxiety or depression independently of other risk factors in a large cohort of children and adolescents, using robust measures with regard to exposure and outcome.

Paediatric obesity treatment during 14 years in Sweden: Lessons from the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register-BORIS.

Background: Treatment of paediatric obesity has been offered customarily and free of charge for more than 15 years in Sweden. The Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS) is a prospective register of children and adolescents undergoing obesity treatment.

Objectives: To investigate how patient characteristics and treatment efficacy has changed over 14 years on a national scale.

Promising results from an implemented treatment model for paediatric obesity.

Aim: To investigate the implementation of a plan of action for treatment of childhood obesity, and the effect after 2 years of treatment.

Methods: Children aged 6-12.9 years who started obesity treatment between 2008 and 2015 in a paediatric clinic in Stockholm County were included.

The effect of weight loss and weight gain on blood pressure in children and adolescents with obesity.

Objective: Obesity in childhood is a profound risk factor for hypertension, and weight loss has positive effects on blood pressure (BP). However, the expected effect size on BP from weight reduction in children with obesity is insufficiently described. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the association between changes of degree of obesity and BP levels.

Childhood Obesity, Obesity Treatment Outcome, and Achieved Education: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Childhood obesity represents a social burden. This study aims to investigate whether achieved educational level differs in young adults who have suffered obesity in childhood compared with the general population and to determine how obesity treatment influences achieved educational level.

Methods: This prospective cohort study includes subjects from the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Registry (BORIS, n = 1,465) who were followed up after 20 years of age.

Five-year outpatient programme that provided children with continuous behavioural obesity treatment enjoyed high success rate.

Aim: Results from long-time follow-up of obesity treatment in early childhood are lacking. We investigate long-term continuous behavioural childhood obesity treatment and factors of importance for treatment effect.

Method: A five-year longitudinal retrospective controlled study of children aged five to 13 years in obesity treatment, divided into three groups depending on age at start of treatment.

Blood sugar levels are higher in obese young children in Sweden than in Poland.

Aim: An elevated fasting glucose level is an early sign of metabolic dysfunction in obese children. This study compared fasting glucose levels in obese young children in Poland and Sweden.

Methods: We identified 109 obese children aged between two and 10 years from a Polish obesity register, with a mean BMI SDS (SD) of 3.

Response of severely obese children and adolescents to behavioral treatment.

Objectives: To investigate whether the degree of obesity predicts the efficacy of long-term behavioral treatment and to explore any interaction with age.

Design: A 3-year longitudinal observational study. Obese children were divided into 3 age groups (6-9, 10-13, and 14-16 years) and also into 2 groups (moderately obese, with a body mass index [BMI]-standard deviation [SD] score [or z score] of 1.

Importance of age for 3-year continuous behavioral obesity treatment success and dropout rate.

Objective: To assess whether first year weight loss, age, and socioeconomic background correlate with the success rate of continuous long-term behavioral obesity treatment.

Methods: In a 3-year longitudinal study, obese children (n = 684) were divided into three groups based on age at the start of treatment, age 6-9 years, 10-13 years, and 14-16 years.

Results: The mean BMI standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) decline was age-dependent (p = 0.

Genetic variance in the adiponutrin gene family and childhood obesity.

Aim: The adiponutrin gene family consists of five genes (PNPLA1-5) coding for proteins with both lipolytic and lipogenic properties. PNPLA3 has previously been associated with adult obesity. Here we investigated the possible association between genetic variants in these genes and childhood and adolescent obesity.

Interaction between PPARG Pro12Ala and ADIPOQ G276T concerning cholesterol levels in childhood obesity.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of two candidate gene polymorphisms for insulin resistance and lipid levels in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Two markers of insulin resistance and lipid levels, Pro12Ala in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 (PPARG) and G276T in adiponectin (ADIPOQ), were genotyped in 285 obese children and adolescents. As the apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms C112R and R158C are known to have a profound impact on lipid levels in both children and adults, results were adjusted for APOE genotype.

Major gender difference in association of FTO gene variant among severely obese children with obesity and obesity related phenotypes.

Recent studies have shown that SNPs in the FTO gene predispose to childhood and adult obesity. In this study, we examined the association between variants in FTO and KIAA1005, a gene that maps closely to FTO, and obesity, as well as obesity related traits among 450 well characterised severely obese children and 512 normal weight controls. FTO showed significant association with several obesity related traits while SNPs in KIAA1005 did not.

Impact sibutramine therapy in children with hypothalamic obesity or obesity with aggravating syndromes.

Objective: Behavioral treatment of children suffering from hypothalamic obesity or uncomplicated obesity in combination with syndromes that aggravate this condition has proven to be ineffective. The combination of comorbidities and severe obesity lower the quality of these children's lives drastically. The present goal was to determine whether treatment with sibutramine has a beneficial effect on such children.