An Advanced Fiber-Reinforced Composite Solution for Gingival Inflammation and Bone Loss Related to Restorative Crowns.

Soaring gold prices have created an almost impossible void in the Dental Materials supply reserves for affordable patient posterior crowns. Fortunately, aerotech fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) materials in use for many diverse structural applications can be developed for dentistry to replace gold with computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology. Current dental ceramics or high-strength oxide ceramics like alumina and zirconia available for CAD/CAM have extremely poor fracture-toughness properties and can propagate microscopic cracks rapidly to sudden adverse brittle failure.

Effect of Surface Treatment and Cement on Fracture Load of Traditional Zirconia (3Y), Translucent Zirconia (5Y), and Lithium Disilicate Crowns.

Purpose: To determine if surface treatment and cement selection for traditional 3 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (3Y-PSZ), "translucent" 5 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (5Y-Z), or lithium disilicate crowns affected their fracture load.

Materials And Methods: Crowns with 0.8 mm uniform thickness (96, n = 8/group) were milled of 3Y-PSZ (Lava Plus), 5Y-Z (Lava Esthetic), or lithium disilicate (e.

Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Breakthrough in Practical Clinical Applications with Advanced Wear Resistance for Dental Materials.

Newer dental fiber-reinforced composites can provide service with less wear than enamel. Further, fibers in bulk molding form pack oriented parallel to the occlusal-dentinal floor planes that wear by uniform thinning into micrometer-sized fiber remnants and subsequent flat plate-like particulate bond by compression back into the polymer matrix. The fiber wear-in process is accomplished by creating fine crystalline chemically resistant nanoparticulates that become an exceptional polishing agent.

Retentive Force of Zirconia Implant Crowns on Titanium Bases Following Different Surface Treatments.

Purpose: Screw-retained zirconia implant crowns with an internal titanium base have favorable mechanical properties compared with single-piece zirconia implant crowns; however, the screw-retained implant crowns require adequate bonding between the zirconia crown and the titanium base. This study measured the retention between a titanium base and a full-contour zirconia implant crown following different surface treatments of their bonded surfaces.

Materials And Methods: Full-contour screw-retained zirconia implant crowns were fabricated to fit a titanium base.

Light-transmitting fiber optic posts: An in vitro evaluation.

Statement Of Problem: The clinical challenge of adhering cement to intracanal dentin is transmitting light to the most apical parts of root canals to allow more efficient polymerization of the cement.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the cement-polymerizing ability, microstructure, and radiopacity of a new fiber optic post (iLumi fiber optic Post) with a clinically successful fiber post (DT Light Post).

Material And Methods: Polymerizing ability was compared using a modified depth-of-polymerization protocol.

Mechanical Properties Comparing Composite Fiber Length to Amalgam.

Photocure fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) with varying chopped quartz-fiber lengths were incorporated into a dental photocure zirconia-silicate particulate-filled composite (PFC) for mechanical test comparisons with a popular commercial spherical-particle amalgam. FRC lengths included 0.5-mm, 1.

3D-WOVEN FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE FOR CAD/CAM DENTAL APPLICATION.

Three-dimensional (3D)-woven noncrimp fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) was tested for mechanical properties in the two principal directions of the main XY plane and compared to different Computer-Aided-Design/Computer-Aided-Machining (CAD/CAM) Dental Materials. The Dental Materials included ceramic with Vitablock Mark II®, ProCAD®, InCeram® Spinel, InCeram® Alumina and InCeram® Zirconia in addition to a resin-based 3M Corp. Paradigm® particulate-filled composite.

The Effect of Contamination of Implant Screws on Reverse Torque.

Purpose: To determine if contamination of abutment screws with titanium nanoparticles affects the preload by measuring the reverse torque after multiple cycles of screw closing-opening.

Materials And Methods: The study included 30 internal hex implants, titanium abutments, and titanium abutment screws. Fifteen abutment screws were contaminated with 60- to 80-nm titanium nanoparticles (contamination group), and the remaining 15 screws did not receive titanium nanoparticle contamination (noncontamination group).

Restoring Congenitally Missing Maxillary Lateral Incisors Using Zirconia-Based Resin Bonded Prostheses.

Objective: This clinical report describes an alternative treatment modality for the replacement of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors in a 17-year-old patient.

Clinical Considerations: Zirconia-based resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) were selected as a viable and conservative treatment option in a young individual with highly aesthetic expectations. Fabrication of all-ceramic RBFPDs followed specific preparation design and features to accommodate two retainers.

Effect of imaging powder and CAD/CAM stone types on the marginal gap of zirconia crowns.

Objective: To compare the marginal gap using different types of die stones and titanium dies with and without powders for imaging.

Methods: A melamine tooth was prepared and scanned using a laboratory 3-shape scanner to mill a polyurethane die, which was duplicated into different stones (Jade, Lean, CEREC) and titanium. Each die was sprayed with imaging powders (NP, IPS, Optispray, Vita) to form 15 groups.

Influence of implant angulation on the fracture resistance of zirconia abutments.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of abutment design to correct for implant angulation and aging on the fracture resistance of zirconia abutments. Greater understanding of the fracture strength of the zirconia abutments under various clinical conditions may lead to improvement of clinical protocols and possibly limit potential failures of implant prosthetics.

Materials And Methods: Test specimens consisted of an implant-zirconia abutment-zirconia crown assembly with implant apex positioned at 0°, 20° to the facial (20F), and 20° to the lingual (20L) with respect to a constant crown contour.

Effect of Luting Agents on Retention of Dental Implant-Supported Prostheses.

To evaluate the retentive strength of 7 different luting agents in cement-retained implant abutment/analog assemblies. Fifty-six externally hexed dental implant abutment/analog assemblies and cast superstructures were divided randomly into 7 groups for cementation with each of the 7 luting agents. Five definitive cements tested were zinc phosphate cement, All-Bond 2, Maxcem, RelyX Luting cement, HY-Bond, and two provisional cements, ImProv and Premier.

Influence of surface treatment of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconium oxides and cement type on crown retention after artificial aging.

Statement Of Problem: Information about the influence of zirconia crown surface treatment and cement type on the retention of zirconia crowns is limited. It is unclear whether zirconia crowns require surface treatment to enhance their retention.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment on the retention of zirconia crowns cemented with 3 different adhesive resin cements after artificial aging.

Maxillary cement retained implant supported monolithic zirconia prosthesis in a full mouth rehabilitation: a clinical report.

This clinical report presents the reconstruction of a maxillary arch with a cement retained implant supported fixed prosthesis using a monolithic zirconia generated by CAD/CAM system on eight osseointegrated implants. The prosthesis was copy milled from an interim prosthesis minimizing occlusal adjustments on the definitive prosthesis at the time of delivery. Monolithic zirconia provides high esthetics and reduces the number of metal alloys used in the oral cavity.

Managing dislodged locator from a titanium alloy implant bar in an implant-supported bar overdenture: a clinical report.

An implant-supported prosthesis is a successful treatment option for edentulous patients. This article reports on a case that has not been documented in the literature involving complications in a maxillary implant-supported bar overdenture, followed by the management of the complications.

A technique for verifying implant analog positions in the definitive cast.

This article introduces a procedure that allows the clinician to verify the 3-dimensional spatial orientations of implant analogs in the definitive cast for a cement-retained, implant-supported prosthesis with engaging abutments. Multiple interlocking puzzle pieces are used with engaging interim abutments to verify the accuracy of the impression.

The failure load of CAD/CAM generated zirconia and glass-ceramic laminate veneers with different preparation designs.

Statement Of Problem: Fracture of feldspathic porcelain laminate veneers represents a significant mode of clinical failure. Therefore, ceramic materials that withstand a higher load to fracture, especially for patients with parafunctional habits, are needed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of material (zirconia, TZP, glass-ceramic, IEC, and feldspathic porcelain, FP) design (incisal overlapped preparation, IOP, and three-quarter preparation, TQP), and fracture mode to failure load for veneers supported by composite resin abutments.

Evaluation of the optical properties of CAD-CAM generated yttria-stabilized zirconia and glass-ceramic laminate veneers.

Statement Of Problem: When feldspathic porcelain (FP) laminate veneers are used to mask tooth discoloration that extends into the dentin, significant tooth reduction is needed to provide space for the opaque layer and optimize the bonding of the restoration.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the color effect of trial insertion paste (TP), composite resin abutment (CRA), and veneer regions on the optical properties of feldspathic porcelain (FP), yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP), and IPS e.max CAD HT (IEC) veneers.

The effect of different fabrication steps on the marginal adaptation of two types of glass-infiltrated ceramic crown copings fabricated by CAD/CAM technology.

Purpose: Marginal adaptation is an important factor affecting the longevity of all-ceramic restorations, although the effects of different fabrication steps on marginal adaptation at various stages of fabrication are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to assess with an in vitro model whether In-Ceram alumina (IA) or In-Ceram zirconia (IZ) copings produced by the CAD/CAM method would be clinically acceptable, and to evaluate the effect of each fabrication step (post-milling, post-trimming, and post-glass infiltration) on the marginal discrepancy of the coping.

Materials And Methods: A melamine tooth was prepared, duplicated, poured with inlay wax, and then cast with metal to fabricate a master die.

Influence of low-temperature environmental exposure on the mechanical properties and structural stability of dental zirconia.

Purpose: The effect of dental fabrication procedures of zirconia monolithic restorations and changes in properties during low-temperature exposure in the oral environment is not completely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of procedures for fabrication of dental restorations by low-temperature simulation and relative changes of flexural strength, nanoindentation hardness, Young's modulus, surface roughness, and structural stability of yttria-stabilized zirconia.

Materials And Methods: A total of 64 zirconia specimens were prepared to simulate dental practice.

Intravenous Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis and Implant Placement.

Focused Clinical Question In a patient receiving intravenous infusion of nitrogen containing bisphosphonates for management of osteoporosis, is surgical implant treatment contraindicated because of the risk of impaired bony wound healing and osteonecrosis of the jaw? Clinical Scenario A 64-year-old postmenopausal woman who leads a busy life and works full time as a business executive presents with a fracture of her maxillary central incisors teeth #8 and #9. She has been a periodontal maintenance patient for the past 20 years with excellent oral hygiene. One month earlier, she experienced trauma to her anterior teeth by walking into a closed patio door.

Fracture resistance and marginal discrepancy of porcelain laminate veneers influenced by preparation design and restorative material in vitro.

Objectives: The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate marginal discrepancy and fracture resistance of two veneering materials using two preparation designs.

Methods: Two veneer preparation designs (full and traditional) were restored with leucite-reinforced ceramic (ProCAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Amherst, NY) milled by CAD/CAM (Cerec 3D milling system, Serona Dental Systems), and conventional sintered feldspathic porcelain (Noritake Super Porcelain EX3, Noritake Dental Supply Co). Forty-eight specimens were analysed with a sample size of n=12 per group.

A prospective, randomized, controlled comparison of platform-switched and matched-abutment implants in short-span partial denture situations.

Recent observations suggest that less bone loss may result from placing a more medialized abutment on an implant (platform switching). The objective of this study was to measure the radiographic crestal bone loss and biologic width around conventional and platform-switched implants. Implants were randomly assigned into conventional or switched categories within the same prosthesis.

Damage accumulation simulations in the adhesive of enamel/ceramic interface using the FE submodelling and the element deactivation approaches.

Purpose: To investigate the micromechanics and damage accumulation of the enamel/adhesive interface using sub-modelling and element deactivation methods.

Materials And Methods: A finite element (FE) macromodel of the enamel/adhesive/ceramic interface subjected to shear bond testing was generated for mechanical analysis. The FE micromodel was constructed at the upper enamel/adhesive interface where stress concentration was found.

Enhancement of bonding to enamel and dentin prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser.

Background And Objective: Erbium lasers are potential tools to remove caries and dental hard tissue but bond strengths of composites to those preparations are reported to be lower than conventional methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical excavation and/or chemical alteration on bond strength of composites to laser irradiated enamel and dentin.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-two premolars were ground to obtain flat enamel (E, n = 36) or dentin (D, n = 36) surfaces in both buccal and lingual cusps, divided into: LaserExcavation (LEx), LaserNo-excavation (LNex), and Bur (B) groups.