Anatomical landmarks for a proximal paravertebral thoracolumbar block in sheep: Cadaver and study.

The objective of this study was to describe the anatomy of the spinal nerves, specifically the last thoracic nerve (T13) and the first to third lumbar nerves (L1 to L3), in order to safely carry out an accurate proximal paravertebral block (PPVB) in sheep. This study consisted of 2 phases. In Phase 1, 7 sheep cadavers were dissected to identify the path and relevant anatomical landmarks of spinal nerves T13 and L1 to L3.

Comparison of Propofol or Isoflurane Anesthesia Maintenance, Combined with a Fentanyl-Lidocaine-Ketamine Constant-Rate Infusion in Goats Undergoing Abomasotomy.

This study aimed to compare, first, the anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of propofol or isoflurane anesthetic maintenance in goats receiving a fentanyl-lidocaine-ketamine infusion undergoing abomasotomy and, secondly, to compare the quality of the recovery from anesthesia. Two groups were used: propofol (TIVA) and isoflurane (PIVA). Goats were premedicated with fentanyl (10 μg/kg intravenously [IV]), lidocaine (2 mg/kg, IV), and ketamine (1.