Levels of Stress in Volleyball Referees During Official Matches-The Influence of the Referee Role and Level of Competition.

Volleyball referees, as athletes and staff members, are exposed to different stress levels which can be determined by measuring pre- and post-match levels of salivary cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA). This study aimed to determine the dynamics of stress biomarkers in referees during official volleyball matches and the connection to the roles or level of competition. The participants in this study were nine international volleyball referees (three females and six males) with a mean chronological age of 48.

Ulcerative Jejunitis in Celiac Disease: A Thirty-Year U.S. Experience.

Introduction: Ulcerative jejunitis (UJ) or ulcerative enteritis (UE) is a rare complication of celiac disease (CeD). Guidelines regarding diagnosis and management are missing and these cases have seldom been reported in the United States.

Design: Single center case-series of CeD in which UE developed at a large academic center in the USA.

A comparison of pulse and CW EPR T-relaxation measurements of an inhomogeneously broadened nitroxide spin probe undergoing Heisenberg spin exchange 2. The intercept discrepancy.

Experimental confirmation of a theoretical prediction of a non-linear broadening of the spin packets of nitroxide free radicals due to Heisenberg spin exchange at low concentrations, C, is presented. A recent demonstration that spectra with resolved proton hyperfine structure may be analyzed efficiently and accurately was utilized to confirm the theory. As C→0, a plot of the spin-packet line width (SPW) curves downward due to the presence of proton hyperfine couplings that increase the number of distinguishable quantum spin states.

Early Experiences of Serbian Surgeons Using No-Touch Technique for Vein Conduits in CABG Patients: A Follow-Up Study with Multi-Slice CT Angiography.

: The saphenous vein graft (SVG) remains the most frequently used conduit worldwide, despite its common disadvantage of early graft failure. To solve the problem and reduce the SVG damage, Souza implemented a new technique where a vein is harvested with surrounding fascia and fat tissue (the so-called no-touch technique). .

Effect of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Expression and Function of Smooth Muscle ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Human Internal Mammary Artery Grafts.

Here we have shown for the first time altered expression of the vascular smooth muscle (VSM) K channel subunits in segments of the human internal mammary artery (HIMA) in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Functional properties of vascular K channels in the presence of T2DM, and the interaction between its subunits and endogenous ligands known to relax this vessel, were tested using the potassium (K) channels opener, pinacidil. HIMA is the most commonly used vascular graft in cardiac surgery.

Effect of Charge on the Rotation of Prolate Nitroxide Spin Probes in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids.

We have studied the rotational diffusion of two prolate nitroxide probes, the doubly negatively charged peroxylamine disulfonate (Frémy's salt - FS) and neutral di--butyl nitroxide (DTBN), in a series of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) having alkyl chain lengths from two to eight carbons using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Though the size and shape of the probes are reasonably similar, they behave differently due to the charge difference. The rotation of FS is anisotropic, and the rotational anisotropy increases with the alkyl chain length of the cation, while the rotation of DTBN is isotropic.

Bromo-substituted indirubins for inhibition of protein kinase-mediated signalling involved in inflammatory mediator release in human monocytes.

Targeting protein kinases that regulate signalling pathways in inflammation is an effective pharmacological approach to alleviate uncontrolled inflammatory diseases. In this context, the natural product indirubin and its 6-bromo-substituted analogue 6-bromoindirubin-3 -glycerol-oxime ether (6BIGOE; 1) were identified as potent inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). These inhibitors suppress the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins (PG) from human monocytes.

Early periodontal wound healing after chlorhexidine rinsing: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: This single-center randomized, parallel design, clinical trial with a 2-week follow-up involved patients affected by periodontitis undergoing periodontal surgery. The aim was to evaluate periodontal surgical wound healing with the use of chlorhexidine-based mouth rinses versus an untreated control group.

Materials And Methods: Periodontal surgery was performed following a standardized protocol.

Main features and disease outcome of congenital myotonic dystrophy - experience from a single tertiary center.

Congenital myotonic dystrophy type 1 (CDM1) is a rare neuromuscular disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical variability of CDM1 and factors that may influence survival in CDM1. Research included 24 pediatric patients with CDM1.

The Role of SOX2 and SOX9 Transcription Factors in the Reactivation-Related Functional Properties of NT2/D1-Derived Astrocytes.

Astrocytes are the main homeostatic cells in the central nervous system, with the unique ability to transform from quiescent into a reactive state in response to pathological conditions by reacquiring some precursor properties. This process is known as reactive astrogliosis, a compensatory response that mediates tissue damage and recovery. Although it is well known that SOX transcription factors drive the expression of phenotype-specific genetic programs during neurodevelopment, their roles in mature astrocytes have not been studied extensively.

Comparative histologic features among liver biopsies with biliary-pattern injury and confirmed clinical diagnoses.

Biliary-pattern injury in the liver (eg, duct injury, ductular reaction, cholestasis) can occur in several conditions, including primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), large duct obstruction (LDO), and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). While the histologic changes in these conditions have been individually well described, distinguishing among them remains often challenging, particularly when biopsy samples are limited in size, robust clinical information is unavailable, and/or the pathologist does not feel confident in evaluating liver disease. This study evaluated histologic features that could aid the diagnosis of biliary-pattern injury on biopsy.

Methylation of serotonin regulating genes in cord blood cells: association with maternal metabolic parameters and correlation with methylation in peripheral blood cells during childhood and adolescence.

Background: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) signaling is involved in neurodevelopment, mood regulation, energy metabolism, and other physiological processes. DNA methylation plays a significant role in modulating the expression of genes responsible for maintaining 5-HT balance, such as 5-HT transporter (SLC6A4), monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), and 5-HT receptor type 2A (HTR2A). Maternal metabolic health can influence long-term outcomes in offspring, with DNA methylation mediating these effects.

Prolonged Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Thrombohemorrhagic Risk in Essential Thrombocythemia and Polycythemia Vera Patients Treated with Long-Term Aspirin: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are known to decrease the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. However, concerns have been raised regarding the potential pharmacodynamic interactions of PPIs and antiplatelet drugs with respect to cardiovascular risk. Patients with BCR::ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and polycythemia vera (PV) often suffer from peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and frequently receive low-dose aspirin due to an intrinsically high thrombotic risk.

Sports venue digital twin technology from a spectator virtual visiting perspective.

The purpose of this article is to adopt a customer-centric perspective the and introduce digital twin technology as a solution for mega-sport event management. This conceptual model article focuses on the potentially drastic role of digital twin technology in modern sports events, explaining in detail different aspects of its impact. The main research question is "How (and why) do sports venue digital twin emerging technologies prospectively impact the sports spectators" customer experiences?" It contributes to understanding how and why sports venue digital twins make events more customer-centred by enhancing fan experiences and engagement.

Do freedivers and spearfishermen differ in local muscle oxygen saturation and anaerobic power?

Background: Freediving is defined as an activity where athletes repetitively dive and are exposed to long efforts with limited oxygen consumption. Therefore, anaerobic features are expected to be an important facet of diving performance. This study aimed to investigate differences in anaerobic capacity and local muscle oxygenation in spearfisherman and freedivers.

Comparison of Face Anthropometry and Digital 2D-Face Photogrammetry as Methods for Predicting Vertical Dimension of Occlusion.

Purpose: To determine the values of 15 craniofacial linear distances in the Serbian ethnic group using and comparing two methods of face-anthropometric and digital 2D-face-photogrammetric measurement and to determine the correlations between distances that can be predictive or can serve as proxy for occlusal vertical dimension (OVD).

Materials And Methods: A total of 90 adults were selected. Facial distance as a tool to measure the OVD was measured as Sn-Gn (the distance between the septum of the nose [Sn] and the tip of the chin [Gn]).

Importance of Demographic and Clinical Features in Evaluating the Severity of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: A Serbian Retrospective Study in the First Pandemic Year.

The aim of this study is to determine the demographic and initial clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and their importance in evaluating the severity of the disease. A retrospective study included patients suffering from COVID-19 who were hospitalized at The Department of Infectious Disease of the Clinical Hospital Center Pristina-Gracanica from the beginning of the pandemic until the end of 2020. We compared the symptoms of the disease, radiographic findings of pneumonia, laboratory parameters, duration of symptoms before admission, the difference in the need for certain therapies, and the presence of comorbidities between non-severe and severe groups of patients.

Primary Adrenal Epithelioid Angiosarcoma: A Case Report.

Primary adrenal angiosarcomas are exceedingly rare with a rapidly progressive clinical course and a poor outcome. Establishing the diagnosis can be challenging, and it is complicated by the fact that there are no characteristic clinical or imaging features that are pathognomonic for angiosarcoma. Histologically, they can overlap with other more commonly encountered adrenal tumors.

Glucose, Insulin and Oxygen Modulate Expression of Serotonin-Regulating Genes in Human First-Trimester Trophoblast Cell Line ACH-3P.

Serotonin signaling plays an important role in regulating development and functions of the placenta. We hypothesized that metabolic disturbances associated with maternal obesity and/or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affect placental serotonin homeostasis. Therefore, we examined the effects of high glucose (25 mM) and insulin (10 nM)-two hallmarks of maternal obesity and GDM-on mRNA expression of key regulators of serotonin homeostasis, including serotonin transporter (), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (), and monoamine oxidase A (), in the first-trimester trophoblast cell line ACH-3P, focusing on oxygen levels characteristic of early human placental development.

Personalized Treatment of Glioblastoma: Current State and Future Perspective.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive glial tumor of the central nervous system. Despite intense scientific efforts, patients diagnosed with GBM and treated with the current standard of care have a median survival of only 15 months. Patients are initially treated by a neurosurgeon with the goal of maximal safe resection of the tumor.

Interactions of ultrashort laser pulses with hemoglobin: Photophysical aspects and potential applications.

Hemoglobin (Hb), a life-sustaining and highly abundant erythrocyte protein, is not readily fluorescent. A few studies have already reported Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence (TPEF) of Hb, however, the mechanisms through which Hb becomes fluorescent upon interaction with ultrashort laser pulses are not completely understood. Here, we characterized photophysically this interaction on Hb thin film and erythrocytes using fluorescence spectroscopy upon single-photon/two-photon absorption, and UV-VIS single-photon absorption spectroscopy.

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 in the COVID-19 era.

Introduction: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most prevalent muscular dystrophy in adults. People with DM1 might represent a high-risk population for respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Our aim was to evaluate the characteristics of COVID-19 infection and vaccination rate in DM1 patients.