Ultrasonic-Assisted Synthesis and Cytocompatibility Assessment of TiO/SiO Nanoparticles-Impregnated Gum Arabic Nanocomposite: Edible Coating of Dates for Shelf-Life Extension.

The post-harvest management of fruit is crucial to preventing its decay and loss. Generally, edible coatings are applied to fruit to avoid decay and microbial contamination. We have used ultrasonication to synthesize TiO and residue-derived biosilica embedded in gum arabic nanocomposite.

Evaluation of a same-metal PCB-based three-electrode system impedance studies using potassium ferricyanide.

We report for the first time the successful acquisition of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data using an unconventional same-metal PCB-based three-electrode system. Conventional three-electrode systems primarily require expensive and bulky electrodes, and a high volume of analytes to conduct electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies. The miniaturized PCB-based three-electrode system used in this work requires only trace amounts of analytes in the order of 10-20 μL owing to the design of the electrode sensor.

Semiconductive-like behaviour and negative differential effect observed in self-assembled riboflavin layer on gold electrodes.

Riboflavin or vitamin B2 plays significant roles in metabolic reactions and energy production, establishing it as an important research subject in biology and medicine. While there are numerous riboflavin-related publications in these fields, interrogation of its electronic properties in relation to the physiological function at the cellular level remains obscure due to technological challenges. However, progress in molecular electronics and the discovery of the semiconductor-like behaviour of biomolecules in recent times have initiated growing interest in exploring the electronic properties of these materials for potential bioelectronic device applications.

Maillard Reaction-Derived S-Doped Carbon Dots Promotes Downregulation of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1 Genes In-Vitro.

Carbon nanodots (CDs) are commonly found in food products and have attracted significant attention from food scientists. There is a high probability of CD exposure in humans, but its impacts on health are unclear. Therefore, health effects associated with CD consumption should be investigated.

Understanding the Interaction between Nanomaterials Originated from High-Temperature Processed Starch/Myristic Acid and Human Monocyte Cells.

High-temperature cooking approaches trigger many metabolically undesirable molecule formations, which pose health risks. As a result, nanomaterial formation has been observed while cooking and reported recently. At high temperatures, starch and myristic acid interact and lead to the creation of nanomaterials (cMS-NMs).

Mucilage-assisted fabrication of molybdenum trioxide nanostructures for photothermal ablation of breast cancer cells.

Nanostructures have been used for various biomedical applications due to their optical, antibacterial, magnetic, antioxidant, and biocompatible properties. Cancer is a prevalent disease that severely threatens human life and health. Thus, innovative and effective therapeutic approaches are urgently required for cancer.

Fabrication of myristic acid-potato starch complex nanostructures and assessment of their cytotoxic behavior.

Background: Lipids and carbohydrates perform essential functions in foods. In recent decades, food scientists have studied the effects of carbohydrate-lipid interactions on the functional properties of food. However, the ways in which carbohydrate-lipid complex-derived materials affect the biological system are unknown.

Association of CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 genes with the risk of obesity and vitamin D metabolism in Saudi women.

Background: Epigenome, genetic variants, and other environmental factors involved in gene regulation are highly inter-dependent in several chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The present study aimed at testing the associations and the mechanism involved in silencing of CYP2R1 gene in normal and obese Saudi women patients. Height, weight, BMI, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, glycemic status, and lipid profile (TG, LDL, HDL, and TC) of CYP2R1 were measured in 100 women (31 normal and 69 obese patients).

Novel same-metal three electrode system for cyclic voltammetry studies.

Conventional three-electrode systems used in electrochemical measurement demand time-consuming and maintenance intensive procedures to enable accurate and repeatable electrochemical measurements. Traditionally, different metal configurations are used to establish the electrochemical gradient required to acquire the redox activity, and vary between different electrochemical measurement platforms. However, in this work, we report using the same metal (gold) for the counter, working and reference electrodes fabricated on a miniaturized printed circuit board (PCB) for a much simpler design.

Co-exposure to commercial food product ingredient E341 and E551 triggers cytotoxicity in human mesenchymal stem cells.

Several nano-toxicological studies have assessed the prospective health risks of engineered nanostructures. Still, nanoscale ingredients from food products are not explored well, and only a few have attended to the possible effects of food additive-based nanoparticles in food. The physicochemical properties of food additives and their fate on human health are still unknown.

Unveiling the Biocompatible Properties of Date Palm Tree () Biomass-Derived Lignin Nanoparticles.

Searching for sustainable, ecofriendly, and renewable precursors for nanostructured material synthesis is a fascinating area pertaining to feasibility in various applications. Especially, lignin-based material preparation is essential for unraveling the usage of lignin by valorization. Hence, we have synthesized lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) using date palm tree () biomass as a precursor in this investigation.

Langmuir-Blodgett Graphene-Based Films for Algal Biophotovoltaic Fuel Cells.

The prevalence of photosynthesis, as the major natural solar energy transduction mechanism or biophotovoltaics (BPV), has always intrigued mankind. Over the last decades, we have learned to extract this renewable energy through continuously improving solid-state semiconductive devices, such as the photovoltaic solar cell. Direct utilization of plant-based BPVs has, however, been almost impracticable so far.

Near-infrared fluorogenic receptor for selective detection of cysteine in blood serum and living cells.

A novel near-infrared fluorescent probe, namely propane-2,2-diylbis(2-((E)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-cyanovinyl)-4,1-phenylene) diacrylate (BTA), was synthesized for selective detection of cysteine over other biologically significant amino acids. Upon addition of cysteine, the probe BTA displays a dramatic increase in fluorescence intensity at 715 nm along with a fast response time (4 min). The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 0.

Plumbagin triggers redox-mediated autophagy through the LC3B protein in human papillomavirus-positive cervical cancer cells.

Introduction: In this study, we analyzed the effect of plumbagin (PL) on cultured SiHa cervical cancer cells using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques to identify the mode of cell death and to elucidate whether cells die through apoptosis or non-apoptosis.

Material And Methods: The cell death was analyzed using MTT assay. The cellular morphological changes were assessed using acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining.

Induction of Redox-Mediated Cell Death in ER-Positive and ER-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by a Copper(II)-Phenolate Complex: An In Vitro and In Silico Study.

This research was aimed at finding the cytotoxic potential of the mixed ligand copper(II) complex [Cu(tdp)(phen)](ClO)-where H(tdp) is the tetradentate ligand 2-[(2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-ethylimino)methyl]phenol, and phen is 1,10-phenanthroline-to two genotypically different breast cancer cells, MCF-7 (p53 and ER) and MDA-MB-231 (p53 and ER). The complex has been already shown to be cytotoxic to ME180 cervical carcinoma cells. The special focus in this study was the induction of cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, and its link with ROS.

Optimised spectral effects of programmable LED arrays (PLA)s on bioelectricity generation from algal-biophotovoltaic devices.

The biophotovoltaic cell (BPV) is deemed to be a potent green energy device as it demonstrates the generation of renewable energy from microalgae; however, inadequate electron generation from microalgae is a significant impediment for functional employment of these cells. The photosynthetic process is not only affected by the temperature, CO concentration and light intensity but also the spectrum of light. Thus, a detailed understanding of the influences of light spectrum is essential.

Simultaneous fabrication of carbon nanodots and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from fish scale for biomedical applications.

Fish industries and markets produce large quantities of fish scales, skins, shells, and bone wastes post processing that contaminate the environment and cause health risks in humans. In this context, we have developed a novel and simple integrated process to valorize the Lethrinus lentjan fish scales by fabricate carbon nanodots (CDs) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA NPs) simultaneously. The fish scale treatment was carried out by hydrothermal method at 280 °C that produced CDs and HA NPs simultaneously.

A bisphenol based fluorescence chemosensor for the selective detection of Zn and PPi ions and its bioluminescence imaging.

A bisphenol based fluorescence "turn-on" chemosensor 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)bis(2-((E)-(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)hydrazineyldene)methyl)phenol) (BHMP) has been synthesized and its sensing behavior was tested towards various ionic species. The chemo-sensing behavior of BHMP has been established through absorption, fluorescence, NMR, and mass spectroscopic techniques. The probe BHMP selectively detects zinc ions over other metal ions and the resulting BHMP + Zn ensemble serves as a secondary probe for the detection of pyrophosphate (PPi) anion specifically over other anions.

3D Flower-Like FeWO/CeO Hierarchical Architectures on rGO for Durable and High-Performance Microalgae Biophotovoltaic Fuel Cells.

A facile chemical reduction approach is adopted for the synthesis of iron tungstate (FeWO)/ceria (CeO)-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite. Surface morphological studies of rGO/FeWO/CeO composite reveal the formation of hierarchical FeWO flower-like microstructures on rGO sheets, in which the CeO nanoparticles are decorated over the FeWO microstructures. The distinct anodic peaks observed for the cyclic voltammograms of studied electrodes under light/dark regimes validate the electroactive proteins present in the microalgae.

Understanding the electronic properties of single- and double-stranded DNA.

Understanding the charge transfer mechanism through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules remains a challenge for numerous theoretical and experimental studies in order to be utilized in nanoelectronic devices. Various methods have attempted to investigate the conductivity of double-stranded (ds-) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) molecules. However, different electronic behaviors of these molecules are not clearly understood due to the complexity and lack of accuracy of the methods applied in these studies.

Printed-Circuit-Board-Based Two-Electrode System for Electronic Characterization of Proteins.

Proteins have been increasingly suggested as suitable candidates for the fabrication of biological computers and other biomolecular-based electronic devices mainly due to their interesting structure-related intrinsic electrical properties. These natural biopolymers are environmentally friendly substitutes for conventional inorganic materials and find numerous applications in bioelectronics. Effective manipulation of protein biomolecules allows for accurate fabrication of nanoscaled device dimensions for miniaturized electronics.

Colonic Bacteria-Transformed Catechin Metabolite Response to Cytokine Production by Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Human gut microbes are a profitable tool for the modification of food compounds into biologically active metabolites. The biological properties of catechins have been extensively investigated. However, the bioavailability of catechin in human blood plasma is very low.

A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe for "naked-eye" detection of sulfite ion: Applications in detection of biological SO ions in food and live cells.

A new "turn-on" luminescent probe PI has been designed and synthesized for the selective detection of sulfite ions based on the mechanism of nucleophilic addition. The designed probe PI owns naked eye detection, excellent selectivity, sensitivity, rapid response (150 s) and low limits of detection (LOD) of 0.57 μM, which is an agreeable limit by the world wide expert food additive committees.

Phoenix dactylifera lignocellulosic biomass as precursor for nanostructure fabrication using integrated process.

Agricultural residue is an inevitable byproduct of agricultural activities. Valorization of agricultural residue is necessary to avoid wastage. In this study, we developed an integrated process for fabricating various nanostructures using Phoenix dactylifera (PD) lignocellulosic biomass as a sustainable bioprecursor.

Sulforaphane alleviates cadmium-induced toxicity in human mesenchymal stem cells through POR and TNFSF10 genes expression.

Sulforaphane is a dietary compound possessing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-aging properties. The role of sulforaphane in the context of cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity through the alteration of nuclear morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential, and gene expression patterns, however, remains unclear. Thus, we assessed the protective role of sulforaphane against Cd-induced nuclear and mitochondrial damage in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).