Neuropsychological functioning and its correlates at 1 year follow-up of severe COVID-19.

Background: Short-term cognitive impairment is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection but the long-term impact is yet to be examined in detail. We aim to study the evolution of these symptoms in severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between April and December 2020 1 year after hospital discharge and to analyze its clinical correlates.

Method: A total of 58 patients agreed to participate in the 6 months follow-up and 30 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

Severity in the ICD-11 personality disorder model: Evaluation in a Spanish mixed sample.

Severity is the main component of the ICD-11 personality disorder (PD) classification, but pertinent instruments have only recently been developed. We analyzed the psychometric properties of the scale (PDS-ICD-11) in a mixed sample of 726 community and clinical subjects. We also examined how the different components of the ICD-11 PD system -five trait domains, the borderline pattern specifier, and severity, all of them measured through self-reports- are interconnected and operate together.

Burnout among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal results from the international Cope-Corona survey study.

Objective: Long-term changes in burnout and its predictors in hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated in an international study.

Methods: Two online surveys were distributed to hospital staff in seven countries (Germany, Andorra, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Romania, Iran) between May and October 2020 (T1) and between February and April 2021 (T2), using the following variables: Burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization), job function, age, gender, and contact with COVID-19 patients; individual resources (self-compassion, sense of coherence, social support) and work-related resources and demands (support at the workplace, risk perception, health and safety at the workplace, altruistic acceptance of risk). Data were analyzed using linear mixed models repeated measures, controlled for age.

Psychiatric and Psychosocial Characteristics of a Cohort of Spanish Individuals Attending Genetic Counseling Due to Risk for Genetically Conditioned Dementia.

Background: Predictive genetic tests are presently effective over several medical conditions, increasing the demand among patients and healthy individuals. Considering the psychological burden suspected familial dementia may carry on individuals, assessing personality, coping strategies, and mental health could aid clinicians in findings the appropriate time for delivering genetic test results and predict compliance regarding genetic counseling and expectations towards the genetic condition depending on the outcome.

Objective: To describe the psychiatric, psychological, and coping characteristics of a sample of Spanish individuals at risk of familial dementia before genetic test results were given.

A Double-Track Pathway to Fast Strategy in Humans and Its Personality Correlates.

The fast-slow paradigm of life history (LH) focuses on how individuals grow, mate, and reproduce at different paces. This paradigm can contribute substantially to the field of personality and individual differences provided that it is more strictly based on evolutionary biology than it has been so far. Our study tested the existence of a fast-slow continuum underlying indicators of reproductive effort-offspring output, age at first reproduction, number and stability of sexual partners-in 1,043 outpatients with healthy to severely disordered personalities.

Borderline, where are you? A psychometric approach to the personality domains in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11).

The inclusion of the borderline pattern in the dimensional classification of personality disorders (PDs) has caused controversy. Unease about leaving out these clinically challenging patients seems to conflict with the need of an evidence-based and credible diagnostic system. However, the accommodation of borderline within the new diagnostic system has not yet been studied in depth.

Neuropsychological functioning in post-ICU patients after severe COVID-19 infection: The role of cognitive reserve.

Background: Cognitive manifestations associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome by Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are yet to be described in the existing literature. The aim of this exploratory study is to analyze the impact of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection on neuropsychological performance 6 months following hospital discharge, and to identify which medical variables predict worse outcome. In this context, we study if cognitive reserve (CR) may play a protective role on cognitive impairment.

Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Special Risk Group for Lifestyle, Emotional and Behavioral Adaptations During the COVID-19 Lockdown. Lessons from the First Wave.

Objectives: To determine how the COVID-19 lockdown influenced the lifestyle, eating behavior, use of substances, mental health, and weight in patients who had undergone bariatric surgery (BS) and explore the self-perception of one's own health and fears related to COVID-19.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional exploratory study in obesity patients who had undergone BS surgery > 1 year previously in a university hospital. Assessment was performed 40 days after initiating lockdown and included 2 periods: from April 24 until May 8 and during the initial de-escalation period: from May 9 until 22, 2020.

Supporting Undergraduate Biology Students' Academic Success: Comparing Two Workshop Interventions.

College students' performance in introductory-level biology course work is an important predictor of ongoing persistence in the major. This study reports on a researcher-educator partnership that designed and compared two cocurricular workshops. Seventeen laboratory sections of an undergraduate biology course were randomly assigned to one of two educational interventions during the regularly scheduled lab class section after students had completed and received the results for the first exam.

Integration of the and Dimensional Systems for Personality Disorders Into a Unified Taxonomy With Non-overlapping Traits.

The promise of replacing the diagnostic categories of personality disorder with a better-grounded system has been only partially met. We still need to understand whether our main dimensional taxonomies, those of the , 11th Revision () and the , Fifth Edition (), are the same or different, and elucidate whether a unified structure is possible. We also need truly independent pathological domains, as they have shown unacceptable overlap so far.

A third hierarchical level of narrower traits for the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire.

Current dimensional taxonomies of personality disorder show a stronger empirical grounding than categories, but may lack the necessary level of detail to make accurate predictions and case formulations. We need to further develop the lower levels of the hierarchy until reaching the building blocks of personality pathology. The Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) is well-suited to this purpose due to its multilayered structure and its agreement with the official dimensional classifications.

Psychosocial risk factors for impaired health-related quality of life in living kidney donors: results from the ELIPSY prospective study.

Living kidney donors' follow-up is usually focused on the assessment of the surgical and medical outcomes. Whilst the psychosocial follow-up is advocated in literature. It is still not entirely clear which exact psychosocial factors are related to a poor psychosocial outcome of donors.

Personality Disorders in the ICD-11: Spanish Validation of the PiCD and the SASPD in a Mixed Community and Clinical Sample.

The International Classification of Diseases-11th revision (ICD-11) classification of personality disorders is the official diagnostic system that is used all over the world, and it has recently been renewed. However, as yet very few data are available on its performance. This study examines the Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD), which assesses the personality domains of the system, and the Standardized Assessment of Severity of Personality Disorder (SASPD), which determines severity.

Alternative Model for Personality Disorders Through the Lens of an Empirical Network Model.

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders defined in () has recently attracted considerable interest in empirical research, with different hypotheses being proposed to explain the discordant results shown in previous research. Empirical network analysis has begun to be applied for complementing the study of psychopathological phenomena according to a new perspective. This article applies this analysis to personality facets measured in a sample of 626 patients with mental disorders and a 1,034 normative sample, using the Personality Inventory for .

Mean-level change in pathological personality dimensions over 4 decades in clinical and community samples: A cross-sectional study.

Although normal personality traits change gradually with age, personality disorders have been reported to remit rapidly and completely in little more than 10 years. Such a benign prognosis is surprising and may be due in part to the combined use of categorical diagnoses, seriously ill patients, and longitudinal designs in the existing literature. This study examines, for the first time, the development of personality pathology across a life span by means of dimensional models, represented by the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire and the Personality Inventory for .

Toward an Integrated Model of Pathological Personality Traits: Common Hierarchical Structure of the PID-5 and the DAPP-BQ.

A dimensional classification seems to be the next move in the personality disorders field. However, it is not clear whether there is one dimensional model or many, or whether the currently available dimensional instruments measure the same traits. To help clarify these issues, the authors administered the Personality Inventory for (PID-5) and the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP-BQ) to 414 psychiatric outpatients.

The General Criteria for Personality Disorders Assessed by Interview: Do They Still Have a Role to Play?

On the path to developing dimensional models of personality disorder (PD), we are at risk of leaving key diagnostic aspects behind. The general criteria for PD may be important ones because they reflect the defining aspects of personality pathology: long duration, independence from psychopathological states, and harmfulness. We assessed these criteria by interview in a sample of 362 psychiatric outpatients after administering the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+.

Assessment of donor satisfaction as an essential part of living donor kidney transplantation: an eleven-year retrospective study.

Living kidney donors seem highly satisfied with donation. However, previous studies measure satisfaction by a single-item or by simply questioning donors' willingness to donate again or to recommend living donation. With the aim of analyzing whether satisfaction with donation is a multidimensional construct, thus allowing a more specific characterization of dissatisfied donors, 332 living kidney donors (2005-2015) answered a renewed version of the European Living Donation and Public Health Project satisfaction survey.

Personality Disorders Are Not as We Thought: Hierarchical Factor Structure at the Criterion Level.

The use of personality disorder (PD) categories persists, despite the evidence against them. An often overlooked reason for this is the fact that the true structure underlying the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) taxonomy is still unknown: We cannot be certain which disorders are valid, and which ones are arbitrary mixtures of heterogeneous traits. To address this gap, we factor analyzed the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+; Hyler, 1994 ) at the criterion level in a mixed clinical and nonclinical sample of 2,519 individuals.

How temperament and character affect our career, relationships, and mental health.

Background: On the way toward an agreed dimensional taxonomy for personality disorders (PD), several pivotal questions remain unresolved. We need to know which dimensions produce problems and in what domains of life; whether impairment can be found at one or both extremes of each dimension; and whether, as is increasingly advocated, some dimensions measure personality functioning whereas others reflect style.

Method: To gain this understanding, we administered the Temperament and Character Inventory to a sample of 862 consecutively attended outpatients, mainly with PDs (61.

Assessment of psychosocial factors and predictors of psychopathology in a sample of heart transplantation recipients: a prospective 12-month follow-up.

Background And Objectives: In the last decades, researchers of heart transplantation (HT) programs have attempted to identify the existence of psychosocial factors that might influence the clinical outcome before and after the transplantation. The first objective of this study is the prospective description of changes in psychiatric and psychosocial factors in a sample of HT recipients through a 12-month follow-up. The second goal is to identify predictors of psychopathology 1 year after HT.

Psychometric Properties of the Spanish PID-5 in a Clinical and a Community Sample.

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) measures the trait part (Criterion B) of the alternative model for personality disorders proposed in Section III of DSM-5. Although its psychometric properties have proven adequate thus far, evidence is limited in other languages and in clinical samples. The Spanish PID-5 was examined in two samples comprising 446 clinical and 1,036 community subjects.

Seven basic dimensions of personality pathology and their clinical consequences: Are all personalities equally harmful?

Objectives: Dimensional pathology models are increasingly being accepted for the assessment of disordered personalities, but their ability to predict negative outcomes is yet to be studied. We examine the relative clinical impact of seven basic dimensions of personality pathology through their associations with a wide range of clinical outcomes.

Methods: A sample of 960 outpatients was assessed through a 7-factor model integrating the Cloninger, the Livesley, and the DSM taxonomies.

Cross-sectional psychosocial evaluation of heart transplantation candidates.

Introduction And Objectives: Heart transplantation (HT) is a potentially life-saving procedure for people with terminal cardiac disease. In the last decades researchers of HT programs have attempted to identify the existence of psychosocial factors that might influence the clinical outcome before and after the transplantation. The main objective of this study was to describe epidemiological, psychiatric and psychological features of a large sample of HT candidates.