Helicobacter pylori seropositivity associates with hyperglycemia, but not obesity, in Danish children and adolescents.

Background: Helicobacter pylori colonizes the human stomach and may affect the inflammatory response, hormone production related to energy regulation, and gastrointestinal microbiota composition. Previous studies have explored a potential association between H. pylori infection and pediatric obesity with varying results.

Differences in Prevalence of Histologic Gastric Cancer Subtypes Between Mestizo and Mayan Populations in Guatemala.

Purpose: Although the intestinal subtype of gastric cancer (GC) is most prevalent around the world, a relatively high prevalence of the diffuse subtype has been reported in some populations of Central American countries, including Guatemala. This study aimed to investigate whether differences exist in the prevalence of the two GC subtypes in the two main ethnic groups in Guatemala, namely Mayan and Mestizo (known as Ladino in Guatemala), between whom significant socioeconomic disparities exist, and to determine whether there is an association with Helicobacter pyloriCagA seropositivity.

Materials And Methods: Participants included 65 patients with GC and 135 age-/sex-matched controls.

Oral and gastric microbiome in relation to gastric intestinal metaplasia.

Evidence suggests that Helicobacter pylori plays a role in gastric cancer (GC) initiation. However, epidemiologic studies on the specific role of other bacteria in the development of GC are lacking. We conducted a case-control study of 89 cases with gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) and 89 matched controls who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at three sites affiliated with NYU Langone Health.

A 500-year tale of co-evolution, adaptation, and virulence: Helicobacter pylori in the Americas.

Helicobacter pylori is a common component of the human stomach microbiota, possibly dating back to the speciation of Homo sapiens. A history of pathogen evolution in allopatry has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations, associated with different human populations, and more recent admixture among H.

A single early-in-life antibiotic course increases susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis.

Background: There is increasing evidence that the intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the maturation of the immune system and the prevention of diseases during childhood. Early-life short-course antibiotic use may affect the progression of subsequent disease conditions by changing both host microbiota and immunologic development. Epidemiologic studies provide evidence that early-life antibiotic exposures predispose to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Ongoing Challenges Faced in the Global Control of COVID-19 Pandemic.

The recent pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has now spread worldwide and caused more than 51,000 deaths, by April 2nd 2020. As predicted, there are several obstacles for medical and governmental authorities to efficiently manage this respiratory illness. In spite of appropriated supplies, most hospitals are suffering from a scarcity of free beds, protective masks, sanitizing liquids and even ECMO machines for patients with severe cases.

MiR130b from Schlafen4 MDSCs stimulates epithelial proliferation and correlates with preneoplastic changes prior to gastric cancer.

Unlabelled: The myeloid differentiation factor Schlafen4 (Slfn4) marks a subset of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the stomach during -induced spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM).

Objective: To identify the gene products expressed by Slfn4-MDSCs and to determine how they promote SPEM.

Design: We performed transcriptome analyses for both coding genes (mRNA by RNA-Seq) and non-coding genes (microRNAs using NanoString nCounter) using flow-sorted SLFN4 and SLFN4 cells from -infected mice exhibiting metaplasia at 6 months postinfection.

Long-Term Effects of Early-Life Antibiotic Exposure on Resistance to Subsequent Bacterial Infection.

Early-life antibiotic exposure may provoke long-lasting microbiota perturbation. Since a healthy gut microbiota confers resistance to enteric pathogens, we hypothesized that early-life antibiotic exposure would worsen the effects of a bacterial infection encountered as an adult. To test this hypothesis, C57BL/6 mice received a 5-day course of tylosin (macrolide), amoxicillin (β-lactam), or neither (control) early in life and were challenged with up to 80 days thereafter.

Gut microbiome of treatment-naïve MS patients of different ethnicities early in disease course.

Although the intestinal microbiome has been increasingly implicated in autoimmune diseases, much is unknown about its roles in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Our aim was to compare the microbiome between treatment-naïve MS subjects early in their disease course and controls, and between Caucasian (CA), Hispanic (HA), and African American (AA) MS subjects. From fecal samples, we performed 16S rRNA V4 sequencing and analysis from 45 MS subjects (15 CA, 16 HA, 14 AA) and 44 matched healthy controls, and whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing from 24 MS subjects (all newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve, and steroid-free) and 24 controls.

The fourth Mexican consensus on Helicobacter pylori.

Important advances have been made since the last Mexican consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was published in 2007. Therefore, the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología summoned 20 experts to produce "The Fourth Mexican Consensus on Helicobacter pylori".

Is There a Role for the Non- Bacteria in the Risk of Developing Gastric Cancer?

is the most abundant bacterium in the gastric epithelium, and its presence has been associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer. As of 15 years ago, no other bacteria were associated with gastric epithelial colonization; but thanks to new methodologies, many other non- bacteria have been identified. It is possible that non- may have a significant role in the development of gastric cancer.

the Latent Human Pathogen or an Ancestral Commensal Organism.

We dedicated this review to discuss as one of the latest identified bacterial pathogens in humans and whether its role is mainly as a pathogen or a commensal. Diseases associated with this bacterium were highly prevalent during the 19th century and gradually have declined. Most diseases associated with occurred in individuals older than 40 years of age.

When is Helicobacter pylori acquired in populations in developing countries? A birth-cohort study in Bangladeshi children.

Helicobacter pylori colonization is prevalent throughout the world, and is predominantly acquired during childhood. In developing countries, >70% of adult populations are colonized with H. pylori and >50% of children become colonized before the age of 10 years.

Development and Assessment of a Helicobacter pylori Medication Adherence and Stomach Cancer Prevention Curriculum for a Chinese American Immigrant Population.

Chinese American immigrants are at increased risk for Helicobacter pylori infection and stomach cancer. Despite their increased risk, very few prevention strategies exist which target this vulnerable population. The purpose of this article is to present the stakeholder engaged development, review, assessment, refinement, and finalization of a H.

Gut Microbiome and Antibiotics.

Despite that the human gastrointestinal tract is the most populated ecological niche by bacteria in the human body, much is still unknown about its characteristics. This site is highly susceptible to the effects of many external factors that may affect in the quality and the quantity of the microbiome. Specific factors such as diet, personal hygiene, pharmacological drugs and the use of antibiotics can produce a significant impact on the gut microbiota.

A single early-in-life macrolide course has lasting effects on murine microbial network topology and immunity.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children. Early childhood represents a dynamic period for the intestinal microbial ecosystem, which is readily shaped by environmental cues; antibiotic-induced disruption of this sensitive community may have long-lasting host consequences. Here we demonstrate that a single pulsed macrolide antibiotic treatment (PAT) course early in life is sufficient to lead to durable alterations to the murine intestinal microbiota, ileal gene expression, specific intestinal T-cell populations, and secretory IgA expression.

Global Fecal and Plasma Metabolic Dynamics Related to Eradication.

colonizes the gastric mucosa of more than half of the world's population. There is increasing evidence protects against the development of obesity and childhood asthma/allergies in which the development of these diseases coincide with transient dysbiosis. However, the mechanism underlying the association of eradication with human metabolic and immunological disorders is not well-established.

Rapid identification of and assessment of clarithromycin susceptibility from clinical specimens using FISH.

remains one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. Clarithromycin resistance is the most important cause of eradication failures. Effective antibiotic therapies in infection must be rapidly adapted to local resistance patterns.

Impact of the Microbiota and Gastric Disease Development by Helicobacter pylori.

Microorganisms in humans form complex communities with important functions and differences in each part of the body. The stomach was considered to be a sterile organ until the discovery of Helicobacter pylori, but nowadays, it is possible to demonstrate that other microorganisms beyond H. pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa and that the diverse microbiota ecosystem of the stomach is different from the mouth and the esophagus, and also from the small intestine and large intestine.

Description of two novel members of the family Erysipelotrichaceae: Ileibacterium valens gen. nov., sp. nov. and Dubosiella newyorkensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., from the murine intestine, and emendation to the description of Faecalibaculum rodentium.

To better characterize murine intestinal microbiota, a large number (187) of Gram-positive-staining, rod- and coccoid-shaped, and facultatively or strictly anaerobic bacteria were isolated from small and large intestinal contents from mice. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a total 115 isolates formed three phylogenetically distinct clusters located within the family Erysipelotrichaceae. Group 1, as represented by strain NYU-BL-A3T, was most closely related to Allobaculum stercoricanis, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 87.