Environmental Factors Involved in the High Incidence of Bladder Cancer in an Industrialized Area in North-Eastern Spain.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common of those affecting the urinary tract, and a significant proportion of the cases are attributable to tobacco use as well as occupational and environmental factors.

Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the current incidence of BC in an industrialized area in northeastern Spain and to analyze its time trends over three decades from an ecological perspective.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with histologically confirmed primary BC, during 2018-2019, in an area in northeastern Spain (430,883 inhabitants) were included.

[Recommendations for the management of the patient with chronic renal disease with SARS-CoV-2].

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which affects the entire population in general, poses a special risk for patients with chronic kidney disease because of their immunosuppression status, advanced age and the coexistence of significant comorbidity.Renal patients undergoing hemodialysis run the risk not only of suffering but also of transmitting and spreading COVID-19 due to multiple factors, both procedural and logistical, associated with the process. These include the long duration of the technique, collective transfer to and from the centres, and the waiting time before performing the technique, aspects that make strict isolation difficult and therefore increase not only the risk of contagion between patients but also between specialist health professionals, which makes it more difficult to replace professionals.

The role of routine FIBERoptic bronchoscopy monitoring during percutaneous dilatational TRACHeostomy (FIBERTRACH): a study protocol for a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: Tracheostomy is one of the most frequent techniques in intensive care units (ICU). Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) is a safety measure when performing a percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT), but the controversy surrounding the routine use of FB as part of the procedure remains open. National surveys in some European countries showed that the use of FB is non-standardized.

Development and validation of a predictive model of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.

We retrospectively evaluated 2879 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from four hospitals to evaluate the ability of demographic data, medical history, and on-admission laboratory parameters to predict in-hospital mortality. Association of previously published risk factors (age, gender, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking habit, obesity, renal failure, cardiovascular/ pulmonary diseases, serum ferritin, lymphocyte count, APTT, PT, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet count) with death was tested by a multivariate logistic regression, and a predictive model was created, with further validation in an independent sample. A total of 2070 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were finally included in the multivariable analysis.

Molecular and genetic characterization of the pOV plasmid from Pasteurella multocida and construction of an integration vector for Gallibacterium anatis.

Background: The pOV plasmid isolated from the Pasteurella multocida strain PMOV is a new plasmid, and its molecular characterization is important for determining its gene content and its replicative properties in Pasteurellaceae family bacteria.

Methods: Antimicrobial resistance mediated by the pOV plasmid was tested in bacteria. Purified pOV plasmid DNA was used to transform E.

Erectile function after cystectomy with neurovascular preservation.

Objectives: To study the utility of neurovascular preservation for postoperative erection in radical cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 44 cystectomies performed at our center between January 2006-December 2009 in men <65 years. In 11 cases a neurovascular preservation was done.

[Erectile dysfunction and its severity are related to the number of cardiovascular risk factors].

Aim: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a very common condition in the general population. ED is closely related to Hypertension (HT), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Dyslipidemia (DLP) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS). This study has aimed to clarify whether the presence and severity of ED are related to the presence and number of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF).

Hypertension, dyslipidemia and overweight are related to lower testosterone levels in a cohort of men undergoing prostate biopsy.

Testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) is a clinical and biochemical entity related to sexual and cardiovascular health. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia and overweight are four clinical factors strongly related to cardiovascular illnesses. The aim of our study was to determine if the presence and number of cardiovascular risk factors was related to total testosterone levels and the presence of biochemical TDS.

[Development of critical reading on theoretical papers. Criticism of the teaching performance].

Background: The critical reading development requires the reader get involved with author idea, systematizing, arguing and debating the information sources. Our objective was to evaluate the development of the skill to critical reading of theoretical text in education with an educational strategies aimed to promote active participation.

Methods: A study of intervention, comparative, multicentre and prospective with five groups of students was designed An instrument was refined and validated to measure the critical reading ability of theoretical text before and after the educational strategies, that had in common the aim to favor development critical reading from the participative approach of the education.

[New modes of ventilation: NAVA].

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a new mode of assisted mechanical ventilation that uses the signal obtained from diaphragmatic electrical activity (Edi) to control the mechanical ventilator. Edi directly represents the central respiratory drive and reflects the length and intensity of the patient's neural effort. During NAVA, mechanical inspiratory assist starts when the respiratory center initiates the breath and is therefore independent of any pneumatic component.

Short-term effects of inhaled nitric oxide and prone position in pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) and prone position (PP) are frequently used in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We compared the gas exchange and hemodynamic effects induced by the combination of NO inhalation and PP in patients with ARDS and analyzed whether or not pulmonary (Pu) and extrapulmonary (Epu) ARDS patients behave differently. Eight Pu and seven Epu ARDS patients were studied in four situations: supine position (SP); SP with NO inhalation at 5 ppm (SP + NO); PP; and PP with NO inhalation (PP + NO).

[Cranioencephalic trauma in adults: clinical and radiologic features].

Background: To analyse extracranial complications and basic variables in head-injury patients, such as Glasgow coma score (GCS), intracranial pressure (ICP) and cranial computerized tomography (CT), in relation to the outcome of these patients.

Patients And Methods: 64 consecutive patients (47 males and 17 females) with head injury, admitted from January 1992 to May 1994, were studied in this prospective study. Mean age was 37 +/- 18 years.

Prognostic indexes and mortality in critically ill patients with acute renal failure treated with different dialytic techniques.

The objective of this study was to compare the evolution of patients with acute renal failure (ARF) treated conservatively or with different dialytic techniques in an intensive care unit (ICU). From June 1992 to November 1994, 1087 consecutive patients were admitted in our ICU. Two hundred and twenty of these presented with ARF, and were divided into three groups; group I (control group): 156 patients with ARF who did not receive substitutive techniques; group II: 21 patients under intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD); group III: 43 patients under continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF).