Intake of fruit, vegetables and pulses, and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality: Results from a population-based prospective study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the association of fruit, vegetable, and pulses consumption with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.

Study Design: This prospective study included 66,933 individuals from three Spanish health surveys linked to the national death registry up to December 2022.

Methods: Adjusted Poisson regression models were used to analyze the data, categorizing fruit, vegetable and pulses intake according to Spanish dietary recommendations and using splines to examine non-linear relationships.

Mammographic density and exposure to air pollutants in premenopausal women: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Mammographic density (MD) is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. Air pollution is a major public health concern and a recognized carcinogen. We aim to investigate the association between MD and exposure to specific air pollutants (SO, CO, NO, NO, NO, PM, PM, and O) in premenopausal females.

Trends in incidence, mortality, and survival of cutaneous malignant melanoma over three decades: a population-based study in Southern Spain.

Background: Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) represents a global public health problem. Epidemiological studies about CMM trends tend to focus on single indicators or lack information about tumor characteristics that can help gain a more thorough understanding of CMM epidemiology.

Objectives: To fill this gap, we studied CMM trends in incidence, mortality, and survival over three decades and considering sex, age, and tumor characteristics.

Burden of postmenopausal breast cancer attributable to excess body weight: comparative study of body mass index and CUN-BAE in MCC-Spain study.

Background: 10% of postmenopausal breast cancer cases are attributed to a high body mass index (BMI). BMI underestimates body fat, particularly in older women, and therefore the cancer burden attributable to obesity may be even higher. However, this is not clear.

Anticipated prehospital decision delay in response to different symptom clusters in acute coronary syndrome: Results from the Spanish Cardiobarometer study.

Background And Objective: Reducing patient decision delay - the time elapsed between symptom onset and the moment the patient decides to seek medical attention - can help improve acute coronary syndrome survival. Patient decision delay is typically investigated in retrospective studies of acute coronary syndrome survivors that are prone to several biases. To offer an alternative approach, the goal of this research was to investigate anticipated patient decision delay in the general population in response to different symptom clusters.

Risk of prostate cancer in the proximity of industrial installations: A multicase-control study in Spain (MCC-Spain).

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequent tumor in men worldwide; however, its etiology remains largely unknown, with the exception of age and family history. The wide variability in incidence/mortality across countries suggests a certain role for environmental exposures that has not yet been clarified.

Objective: To evaluate the association between risk of PC (by clinical profile) and residential proximity to pollutant industrial installations (by industrial groups, groups of carcinogens, and specific pollutants released), within the context of a Spanish population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer (MCC-Spain).

Biomarkers for personalised prevention of chronic diseases: a common protocol for three rapid scoping reviews.

Introduction: Personalised prevention aims to delay or avoid disease occurrence, progression, and recurrence of disease through the adoption of targeted interventions that consider the individual biological, including genetic data, environmental and behavioural characteristics, as well as the socio-cultural context. This protocol summarises the main features of a rapid scoping review to show the research landscape on biomarkers or a combination of biomarkers that may help to better identify subgroups of individuals with different risks of developing specific diseases in which specific preventive strategies could have an impact on clinical outcomes. This review is part of the "Personalised Prevention Roadmap for the future HEalThcare" (PROPHET) project, which seeks to highlight the gaps in current personalised preventive approaches, in order to develop a Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for the European Union.

Moving Forward on Tumor Pathology Research Reporting: A Guide for Pathologists From the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors Living Evidence Gap Map by Tumour Type Group.

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) can be an unfamiliar territory for those working in tumor pathology research, and there is a great deal of uncertainty about how to undertake an EBM approach to planning and reporting histopathology-based studies. In this article, reviewed and endorsed by the Word Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer's International Collaboration for Cancer Classification and Research, we aim to help pathologists and researchers understand the basics of planning an evidence-based tumor pathology research study, as well as our recommendations on how to report the findings from these. We introduce some basic EBM concepts, a framework for research questions, and thoughts on study design and emphasize the concept of reporting standards.

Residential exposure to traffic pollution and mammographic density in premenopausal women.

Background: Mammographic density (MD) is the most important breast cancer biomarker. Ambient pollution is a carcinogen, and its relationship with MD is unclear. This study aims to explore the association between exposure to traffic pollution and MD in premenopausal women.

Modifying effect of urban parks on socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes prevalence: a cross-sectional population study of Madrid City, Spain.

Background: Evidence has shown contradicting results on how the density of urban green spaces may reduce socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes (). The aim of this study is to test whether socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes prevalence are modified by park density.

Methods: We designed a population-wide cross-sectional study of all adults registered in the primary healthcare centres in the city of Madrid, Spain (n=1 305 050).

Health service and psychotropic medication use for mental health conditions among healthcare workers active during the Spain Covid-19 Pandemic - A prospective cohort study using web-based surveys.

Little is known about healthcare workers' (HCW) use of healthcare services for mental disorders. This study presents data from a 16-month prospective cohort study of Spanish HCW (n = 4,809), recruited shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic onset, and assessed at four timepoints using web-based surveys. Use of health services among HCW with mental health conditions (i.

Toenail zinc and risk of prostate cancer in the MCC-Spain case-control study.

Background: Some researchers have suggested that zinc (Zn) could reduce the risk of prostate cancer (PC). However, research from observational studies on the relationship between PC risk and biomarkers of Zn exposure shows conflicting results.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between toenail Zn and PC, considering tumour extension and aggressiveness, along with a gene-environment approach, exploring the interaction of individual genetic susceptibility to PC in the relationship between toenail Zn and PC.

Breast cancer risk for the joint exposure to metals and metalloids in women: Results from the EPIC-Spain cohort.

Environmental factors play a role in breast cancer development. While metals and metalloids (MMs) include some carcinogens, their association with breast cancer depends on the element studied. Most studies focus on individual MMs, but the combined effects of metal mixtures remain unclear.

Circulating miRNAs signature on breast cancer: the MCC-Spain project.

Purpose: To build models combining circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) able to identify women with breast cancer as well as different types of breast cancer, when comparing with controls without breast cancer.

Method: miRNAs analysis was performed in two phases: screening phase, with a total n = 40 (10 controls and 30 BC cases) analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing, and validation phase, which included 131 controls and 269 cases. For this second phase, the miRNAs were selected combining the screening phase results and a revision of the literature.

A New Hierarchy of Research Evidence for Tumor Pathology: A Delphi Study to Define Levels of Evidence in Tumor Pathology.

The hierarchy of evidence is a fundamental concept in evidence-based medicine, but existing models can be challenging to apply in laboratory-based health care disciplines, such as pathology, where the types of evidence and contexts are significantly different from interventional medicine. This project aimed to define a comprehensive and complementary framework of new levels of evidence for evaluating research in tumor pathology-introducing a novel Hierarchy of Research Evidence for Tumor Pathology collaboratively designed by pathologists with help from epidemiologists, public health professionals, oncologists, and scientists, specifically tailored for use by pathologists-and to aid in the production of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors (WCT) evidence gap maps. To achieve this, we adopted a modified Delphi approach, encompassing iterative online surveys, expert oversight, and external peer review, to establish the criteria for evidence in tumor pathology, determine the optimal structure for the new hierarchy, and ascertain the levels of confidence for each type of evidence.

Consensus on post COVID in the Spanish national health system: Results of the CIBERPOSTCOVID eDelphi study.

Background: In 2021, the Spanish Ministry of Health launched the CIBERPOSTCOVID project to establish what post COVID was. The present study reports the level of agreement among stakeholders on post COVID and its clinical and diagnostic characteristics in the Spanish health system.

Methods: The agreement on post COVID among clinicians, public health managers, researchers and patients' representatives was explored in a real-time, asynchronous online Delphi.

The duration of intervals on the oral cancer care pathway and implications for survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Previous studies measuring intervals on the oral cancer care pathway have been heterogenous, showing mixed results with regard to patient outcomes. The aims of this research were (1) to calculate pooled meta-analytic estimates for the duration of the patient, diagnostic and treatment intervals in oral cancer, considering the income level of the country, and (2) to review the evidence on the relationship of these three intervals with tumor stage at diagnosis and survival.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (pre-registered protocol CRD42020200752).

Socio-geographical disparities of obesity and excess weight in adults in Spain: insights from the ENE-COVID study.

Background: In Spain, differences in the prevalence of obesity and excess weight according to sex and sociodemographic factors have been described at the national level, although current data do not allow to delve into geographical differences for these conditions. The aim was to estimate national and regional prevalences of adult obesity and excess weight in Spain by sex and sociodemographic characteristics, and to explore difference sources of inequalities in its distribution, as well as its geographical pattern.

Method: ENE-COVID study was a nationwide representative seroepidemiological survey with 57,131 participants.