Intraperitoneal pressure: Stability over time and validation of Durand's measurement method.

Intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) is gaining consideration as a relevant parameter of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in adults, although many of its aspects are still pending clarification. We address here its stability over time and the validity of the usual method of clinical measurement, as proposed by Durand in 1992 but never specifically validated. We performed this validation by comparing Durand's method and direct measurements with a central venous pressure system.

Clinical relevance of marginal factors on ultrafiltration in peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Ultrafiltration (UF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is mainly driven by the osmotic gradient and peritoneal permeability, but other factors-such as intraperitoneal pressure (IPP)-also have an influence.

Methods: To assess the clinical relevance of these marginal factors, we studied 41 unselected PD patients undergoing two consecutive 2 h, 2.27% glucose exchanges, first with 2.

Intraperitoneal pressure in peritoneal dialysis.

The measure of intraperitoneal pressure in peritoneal dialysis is easy and provides clear therapeutic benefits. However it is measured only rarely in adult peritoneal dialysis units. This review aims to disseminate the usefulness of measuring intraperitoneal pressure.

A New Method to Increase Ultrafiltration in Peritoneal Dialysis: Steady Concentration Peritoneal Dialysis.

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Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has limited power for liquid extraction (ultrafiltration), so fluid overload remains a major cause of treatment failure. ♦

Methods: We present steady concentration peritonal dialysis (SCPD), which increases ultrafiltration of PD exchanges by maintaining a constant peritoneal glucose concentration. This is achieved by infusing 50% glucose solution at a constant rate (typically 40 mL/h) during the 4-hour dwell of a 2-L 1.

Long-term pneumoperitoneum in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) caused by handling fault of Stay.Safe® system associated to bicaVera solution.

We found chronic pneumoperitoneum in two continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients from two different hospitals. Both patients used the Stay.Safe® system and bicaVera solution, whose extension tubing is not primed with fluid but air-filled, unlike that of the conventional solution bags.

Molecular analysis of the CLCN5 gene in Dent's disease: first mutation identified in a patient from South America.

Background: Dent's disease is a rare renal tubular disorder characterized by low-molecular weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, rickets and eventual renal failure. The selective loss of low-molecular weight proteins points to a defect of the proximal tubule, where filtered proteins are normally reabsorbed by endocytosis. The disease tends to present in childhood or early adult life, and males are more severely affected than females.

[Experimental renal insufficiency in rabbits produced by the intrarenal injection of cyanoacrylic ester].

Through a percutaneous intrarenal injection of 2 ml cyanoacrylic ester to each kidney, acute renal failure was induced in 10 experimental rabbits. Seven of the animals died as a consequence of uremia before a period of 64 hours. The other three remained alive for 96 hours although suffering from stable renal failure.

Parenteral nutrition via the peritoneum with dextrose and amino acids.

We filled the peritoneal cavity of 9 rabbits through a silastic pediatric Tenckhoff-type catheter with a volume 10% of the animal's weight of an isotonic 'absorption mass' made up by a hydroelectrolytic solution to which 535 mg/dl glucose and 2.53 g/l L-amino acids were added. Then we slowly and continuously infused into it a mixture of a 50% glucose solution with a 13.

[Hypertensive crisis. Clinical and therapeutic study of 130 cases (author's transl)].

The clinical aspects and response to therapy of 130 hypertensive emergencies are reviewed in this report. According to the main features of the clinical picture, the patients were divided into neurologic, cardiac or mixed emergencies. The patients were evaluated with clinical examination, fundoscopy, routine biochemistry, ECG, and chest radiograms.

Hypouricemia by defect in the tubular reabsorption.

Two patients with hypouricemia with high levels of uric acid in their urine were given pyrazinamide and probenecid. The uric acid clearance decreased to low or normal values after pyrazinamide administration. In both cases, probenecid produced a slight increment in the uric acid excretion.