Inhibition of DKK-1 by WAY262611 Inhibits Osteosarcoma Metastasis.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in childhood. Patients who present with metastatic disease at diagnosis or relapse have a very poor prognosis, and this has not changed over the past four decades. The Wnt signaling pathway plays a role in regulating osteogenesis and is implicated in OS pathogenesis.

Heterogeneous depressive symptom trajectories among women with type 2 diabetes: findings from the Women's Interagency HIV Study.

Background: Depression affects 33% of women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and leads to increased risks of premature mortality. Fluctuation and variation of depressive presentations can hinder clinical identification.

Purpose: We aimed to identify and examine subgroups characterized by distinct depressive symptom trajectories among women with T2D.

Supporting knowledge justice through community science air quality monitoring and a reciprocal reporting process.

In community science on air quality, low-cost air monitors have emerged as an opportunity to democratize data reporting and support knowledge justice by providing participants with instantaneous access to air quality data. In this study, we equipped residents in four environmental justice communities in North Denver with low-cost air monitors to collect real-time air quality data for four separate 30-day field deployments over two years. We conceptualize an improvement to conventional report-back processes by suggesting a 3-part approach - a reciprocal reporting process that includes 1) bidirectional open channels of communication with participants, 2) democratized data access via instant monitor data and written data summaries, and 3) responsive intervention opportunities to respond in real-time to participants air quality concerns.

Source apportionment of ultrafine particles in urban Europe.

There is a body of evidence that ultrafine particles (UFP, those with diameters ≤ 100 nm) might have significant impacts on health. Accordingly, identifying sources of UFP is essential to develop abatement policies. This study focuses on urban Europe, and aims at identifying sources and quantifying their contributions to particle number size distribution (PNSD) using receptor modelling (Positive Matrix Factorization, PMF), and evaluating long-term trends of these source contributions using the non-parametric Theil-Sen's method.

3-D intrinsic attenuation tomography using ambient seismic noise applied to La Palma Island (Canary Islands).

The potential of the island of La Palma (Canary Islands) to host geothermal resources is very high, mainly due to its high volcanic activity. The primary goal of this study is to get a tridimensional image of the seismic intrinsic attenuation using ambient seismic noise and to identify anomalies that may be linked to active geothermal reservoirs on La Palma island. For this purpose, we developed a new Ambient Noise Attenuation Tomography (ANAT) technique, which uses seismic ambient noise for imaging intrinsic attenuation in 3-D at a local scale down to 5 km depth.

Evaluation of STK17B as a cancer immunotherapy target utilizing highly potent and selective small molecule inhibitors.

Introduction: The serine/threonine kinase 17B (STK17B) is involved in setting the threshold for T cell activation and its absence sensitizes T cells to suboptimal stimuli. Consequently, STK17B represents an attractive potential target for cancer immunotherapy.

Methods: To assess the potential of STK17B as an immuno-oncology target, we developed potent and selective tool compounds from starting points in Blueprint Medicines Corporation's proprietary kinase inhibitor library.

Strategies for Confronting the COVID-19 Pandemic in the State of Piauí-Brazil: Contributions to Nursing.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the adoption of rapid, complex, and changeable measures. These measures allowed effective care planning and implementation of emergency management strategies to meet the needs of the population.

Objective: To analyze the influence of the strategies to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, implemented by the Public Health Network of the State of Piauí, Brazil, as contributions to nursing, on the outcome of cases and deaths.

The Radiosurgery Society Working Groups on GRID, LATTICE, Microbeam, and FLASH Radiotherapies: 2022 - 2023 Advancements Symposium and Subsequent Progress Made.

Purpose: Since the inaugural workshop "Understanding High-Dose, Ultra-High Dose Rate and Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy." hosted by the NCI and sponsored by the Radiosurgery Society (RSS), growing collaborations and investigations have ensued among experts, practitioners, and researchers. The RSS GRID, Lattice, Microbeam & FLASH (GLMF) Working Groups were formed as a framework for these efforts and have focused on advancing the understanding of the biology, technical/physical parameters, trial design, and clinical practice of these new radiation therapy modalities.

Size distribution, sources and chemistry of ultrafine particles at Barcelona-El Prat Airport, Spain.

The rapid expansion of the aviation sector raises concerns about air quality impacts within and around airports. Ultrafine particles (UFP, diameter < 100 nm) are of particular concern due to their potential adverse health effects. In this study, particle number concentrations (PNC), particle number size distribution (PNSD), and other ancillary pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO), black carbon (BC), sulfur dioxide (SO), ozone (O), carbon monoxide (CO) and benzene, as well as organic markers and trace elements (in quasi-UFP) were measured at Barcelona-El Prat Airport (80 m and 250 m from the main taxiway and runway).

Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in Free-Ranging Sapajus nigritus, Argentina.

Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are the most relevant among pathogenic mycobacteria, both belonging to the M. tuberculosis complex (MTC). Samples of blood, liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and caseous tubercles were collected from a free-ranging juvenile black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus) showing non-specific signs of illness.

Prediction of left ventricular thrombus after myocardial infarction: a cardiac magnetic resonance-based prospective registry.

Background: Left ventricular thrombus (LVTh) is a severe complication after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Objectives: We aim to predict LVTh occurrence by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) using clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic (ECG) variables readily available at admission.

Methods: We included 590 reperfused STEMI patients who underwent early (1-week) and/or late (6-month) CMR in our institution.

Sub-Internship Academy: Implementation and Evaluation of Single-Day Resident-Driven Focused Sub-Internship Preparation Course.

Objective: Strong performance in neurosurgical sub-internships is a vital component of a successful residency application and requires adequate familiarity with clinical knowledge and technical skills that may not be covered in standard medical school curricula. Accordingly, a need exists for immersive and comprehensive sub-internship preparation programs that respect time and resource limitations, are optimized based on longitudinal student feedback, provide opportunities for mentorship, and foster enthusiasm for neurosurgery. Therefore, residents at a single institution designed and implemented a comprehensive curriculum for a 1-day sub-internship academy.

Concurrent Miller Fisher Syndrome and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Guillain-Barre syndrome (and its subvariants) and immune thrombocytopenic purpura, while both autoimmune disorders provoked by viral infection, rarely coincide. We present the case of a young man who developed both conditions after URI, review prior cases of comorbidity in the literature, and describe their pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.

Unraveling the hemolytic toxicity tapestry of peptides using chemical space complex networks.

Peptides have emerged as promising therapeutic agents. However, their potential is hindered by hemotoxicity. Understanding the hemotoxicity of peptides is crucial for developing safe and effective peptide-based therapeutics.

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-VEGF Injections and Surgery for Age-Related Macular Degeneration-Related Submacular Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Topic: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF injections compared with surgical intervention in improving visual acuity (VA) and reducing complications for patients with submacular hemorrhage (SMH) due to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Clinical Relevance: Determining the optimal intervention for SMH in AMD is crucial for patient care.

Methods: We included studies on anti-VEGF injections or surgical interventions for SMH in AMD from 7 databases, searched up to May 2024.

An evaluation of patient experience before and after elective colectomy for diverticulitis between patients older and younger than 65 years: A pilot feasibility study in mobile health use.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) platforms are being used to understand patient-reported experiences before and after surgery. Currently, there is limited literature describing the feasibility of using mHealth to evaluate patient experience among older adults. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of using mHealth to evaluate patient-reported outcomes among patients older and younger than 65 years undergoing elective colectomy for diverticulitis.

Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of student nurses regarding community activities in primary care: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To ascertain student nurses' degree of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the implementation of community activities (CA) in primary care.

Design: Questionnaire-based cross-sectional study.

Sample: The study was conducted with 152 students seeking a nursing degree at the University of Santiago de Compostela (North Spain) in the 2022/2023 academic year.

International Hackathon as a Tool to Augment Education, Collaboration, and Innovation in Global Neurosurgery.

Background And Objectives: Health care providers' exposure to global surgical disparities is limited in current nursing and/or medical school curricula. For instance, global health is often associated with infectious diseases or maternal health without acknowledging the growing need for surgical care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We propose an international virtual hackathon based on neurosurgical patient cases in under-resourced settings as an educational tool to bring awareness to global surgical disparities and develop relationships among trainees in different countries.

Navigated Intraoperative Ultrasound Offers Effective and Efficient Real-Time Analysis of Intracranial Tumor Resection and Brain Shift.

Background And Objectives: Neuronavigation is a fundamental tool in the resection of intracranial tumors. However, it is limited by its calibration to preoperative neuroimaging, which loses accuracy intraoperatively after brain shift. Therefore, surgeons rely on anatomic landmarks or tools like intraoperative MRI to assess the extent of tumor resection (EOR) and update neuronavigation.

Error analysis of self-compensated ultrasound measurements of the thickness loss due to corrosion in pipe walls.

The ultrasonic pulse-echo technique is widely employed to measure the wall thickness reduction due to corrosion in pipelines. Ultrasonic monitoring is noninvasive and can be performed online to evaluate the structural health of pipelines. Although ultrasound is a robust technique, it presents two main difficulties arising from the temperature variation in the medium being monitored: the mechanical assembly must have high stability and the ultrasonic propagation velocity must take into account the temperature variation.

Health Disparities Curricula in General Surgery Residency Programs: A Critical Scoping Review.

Introduction: In 2021, the structural determinants of health (SDOH) were added to the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education common program requirements for all accredited residency programs, including general surgery. In this study, we sought to explore the current scope of, and concepts used in, health disparities curricula for general surgery residents, specifically investigating how general surgery residents learn about health disparities and the SDOH.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Education Research Complete (EBSCOhost), and Web of Science Core Collection using keywords related to health disparities and the SDOH.

Association of congenital heart defects (CHD) with factors related to maternal health and pregnancy in newborns in Puerto Rico.

Background: Given the pervasive issues of obesity and diabetes both in Puerto Rico and the broader United States, there is a compelling need to investigate the intricate interplay among BMI, pregestational, and gestational maternal diabetes, and their potential impact on the occurrence of congenital heart defects (CHD) during neonatal development.

Methods: Using the comprehensive System of Vigilance and Surveillance of Congenital Defects in Puerto Rico, we conducted a focused analysis on neonates diagnosed with CHD between 2016 and 2020. Our assessment encompassed a range of variables, including maternal age, gestational age, BMI, pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, hypertension, history of abortion, and presence of preeclampsia.