Adult intracranial ependymoma-relevance of DNA methylation profiling for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

Background: A methylation-based classification of ependymoma has recently found broad application. However, the diagnostic advantage and implications for treatment decisions remain unclear. Here, we retrospectively evaluate the impact of surgery and radiotherapy on outcome after molecular reclassification of adult intracranial ependymomas.

Nationwide outcomes of newborns with rectosigmoid versus long-segment Hirschsprung disease.

Purpose: Hirschsprung Disease (HD) is a common congenital intestinal disorder. While aganglionosis most commonly affects the rectosigmoid colon (rectosigmoid HD), outcomes for patients in which aganglionosis extends to more proximal segments (long-segment HD) remain understudied. This study sought to compare postoperative outcomes among newborns with rectosigmoid and long-segment HD.

Locked Plating versus Nailing for Proximal Tibia Fractures: A Multicenter RCT.

Objectives: The main 2 forms of treatment for extraarticular proximal tibial fractures are intramedullary nailing (IMN) and locked lateral plating (LLP). The goal of this multicenter, randomized controlled trial was to determine whether there are significant differences in outcomes between these forms of treatment.

Design: Multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Institutional Experience With Cochlear Implants Falling Under the 2020 FDA Corrective Action.

Objective: To determine the rate of device failure for those cochlear implants falling under the 2020 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) voluntary corrective action.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary otology-neurotology practice.

Towards an FDA-cleared basophil activation test.

Food allergy is a global health problem affecting up to 10% of the world population. Accurate diagnosis of food allergies, however, is still a major challenge in medical offices and for patients seeking alternative avenues of diagnosis. A flawless test to confirm or rule out a food allergy does not exist.

Vaccine-Associated Rubella Caused by the RA 27/3 Strain.

Vaccine-associated rubella is a very rare adverse effect after rubella vaccination; we report the characteristics of a young women who, after a vaccination campaign where she received three different vaccines against influenza, tetanus/diphtheria, and measles/rubella, developed a fever and rash consistent with rubella disease that was confirmed by sequencing of the virus. The evolution was favorable. The woman had two close contacts who did not develop the disease.

Outcomes of laparoscopic versus open resection of pediatric choledochal cyst.

Background: Untreated pediatric choledochal cyst (CC) is associated with complications including cholangitis, pancreatitis, and risk of malignancy. Therefore, CC is typically treated by surgical excision with biliary reconstruction. Both open and laparoscopic (lap) surgical approaches are regularly used, but outcomes have not been compared on a national level.

Regulates Smoke-induced Inflammation in Murine Macrophages.

Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is a risk factor for many chronic diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the mechanism by which smoke exposure can alter homeostasis and bring about chronic inflammation is poorly understood. Here, we showcase a novel role for smoke in regulating long noncoding RNAs, showing that it activates , which we previously characterized as functional in inflammatory regulation. Exposing murine models to smoke confirmed as a regulator of inflammatory gene expression in response to smoke both systemically and within the lung.

Direct Magnetic Evidence, Functionalization, and Low-Temperature Magneto-Electron Transport in Liquid-Phase Exfoliated FePS.

Magnetism and the existence of magnetic order in a material is determined by its dimensionality. In this regard, the recent emergence of magnetic layered van der Waals (vdW) materials provides a wide playground to explore the exotic magnetism arising in the two-dimensional (2D) limit. The magnetism of 2D flakes, especially antiferromagnetic ones, however, cannot be easily probed by conventional magnetometry techniques, being often replaced by indirect methods like Raman spectroscopy.

High-performance Kerr microresonator optical parametric oscillator on a silicon chip.

Optical parametric oscillation (OPO) is distinguished by its wavelength access, that is, the ability to flexibly generate coherent light at wavelengths that are dramatically different from the pump laser, and in principle bounded solely by energy conservation between the input pump field and the output signal/idler fields. As society adopts advanced tools in quantum information science, metrology, and sensing, microchip OPO may provide an important path for accessing relevant wavelengths. However, a practical source of coherent light should additionally have high conversion efficiency and high output power.

Nationwide management of perforated pediatric appendicitis: Interval versus same-admission appendectomy.

Purpose: Although conservative management followed by readmission for interval appendectomy is commonly used to manage perforated appendicitis, many studies are limited to individual or noncompeting pediatric hospitals. This study sought to compare national outcomes following interval or same-admission appendectomy in children with perforated appendicitis.

Methods: The Nationwide Readmission Database was queried (2010-2014) for patients <18 years old with perforated appendicitis who underwent appendectomy using ICD9-CM Diagnosis codes.

Temporal changes in endolymphatic hydrops on MRI with or without intervention: A systematic review.

Objective: The pathophysiology of Meniere's Disease (MD) involves endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) of the inner ear. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been shown to detect ELH, but changes in ELH have been poorly described using this modality. Our objective was to review MRI-measured changes in ELH over time and after medical and/or surgical intervention in patients with MD.

Pragmatic Competence of Children With Cochlear Implants in Linguistic Activities.

The objective of the study was to analyze the pragmatic competence of children with cochlear implants (CIs). The researchers explored whether children with CIs participated in communicative exchanges in a similar way to children with typical hearing (TH), as well as how the participation of children with CIs was regulated by the activity they performed. The sample consisted of 31 children with CIs (prelingually deaf, with a hearing age equal to or greater than 2 years) and 31 children with TH.

Synergistic Hydrothermal Conversion of Aqueous Solutions of CO and Biomass Waste Liquefaction into Formate.

CO utilization by conversion into useful chemicals can contribute to facing the problem of increasing CO emissions. Among other alternatives, hydrothermal transformation stands out by the high conversions achieved, just using high-temperature water as the solvent. Previous works have demonstrated that several organic compounds with hydroxyl groups derived from biomass can be used as reductants of NaHCO aqueous solutions as inorganic CO sources.

Protein recovery from brewery solid wastes.

Brewing produces significant amounts of solid waste during the process: spent cereals (BSG), hops and spent yeast (BSY). These residues are sustainable sources of valuable nutrients and functional compounds like proteins, polyphenols, and polysaccharides. This review describes the three solid wastes and the different extraction techniques for protein recovery.

Miz1 promotes KRAS-driven lung tumorigenesis by repressing the protocadherin Pcdh10.

Targeting KRAS-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains clinically challenging. Here we show that loss of function of Miz1 inhibits lung tumorigenesis in a mouse model of oncogenic KRAS-driven lung cancer. In vitro, knockout or silencing of Miz1 decreases cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, invasion, or anchorage-independent growth in mutant (MT) KRAS murine or human NSCLC cells but has unremarkable impact on non-tumorigenic cells or wild-type (WT) KRAS human NSCLC cells.

Measurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm quark in proton-proton collisions at .

Measurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm ( ) quark in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 are reported. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 19.7 collected by the CMS detector at the LHC.

-Arylation of 3-Formylquinolin-2(1)-ones Using Copper(II)-Catalyzed Chan-Lam Coupling.

3-formyl-2-quinolones have attracted the scientific community's attention because they are used as versatile building blocks in the synthesis of more complex compounds showing different and attractive biological activities. Using copper-catalyzed Chan-Lam coupling, we synthesized 32 new -aryl-3-formyl-2-quinolone derivatives at 80 °C, in air and using inexpensive phenylboronic acids as arylating agents. 3-formyl-2-quinolones and substituted 3-formyl-2-quinolones can act as substrates, and among the products, the -methyl derivative was used as a substrate to obtain different derivatives such as alcohol, amine, nitrile, and chalcone.

Income Disparities in Nationwide Outcomes of Malrotation with Midgut Volvulus.

Background: Malrotation with midgut volvulus is a surgical emergency commonly encountered in pediatric surgical practice. Outcomes are excellent with timely diagnosis and treatment, but the development of bowel ischemia is associated with many negative consequences.

Methods: The Nationwide Readmissions Database was used to identify patients 0-18 years (excluding newborns) with malrotation and midgut volvulus from 2010 to 2014.

Design and Manipulation of a Minimalistic Hydrocarbon Nanocar on Au(111).

Nanocars are carbon-based single-molecules with a precise design that facilitates their atomic-scale control on a surface. The rational design of these molecules is important in atomic and molecular-scale manipulation to advance the development of molecular machines, as well as for a better understanding of self-assembly, diffusion and desorption processes. Here, we introduce the molecular design and construction of a collection of minimalistic nanocars.

Cost-accuracy and patient experience assessment of blood pressure monitoring methods to diagnose hypertension: A comparative effectiveness study.

Objectives: Studies of the diagnosis of hypertension have emphasized long-term cost-effectiveness analysis, but the patient experience and costs of blood pressure monitoring methods at the diagnosis stage remain unclear. We studied four diagnostic methods: a new 1 h-automated office blood pressure (BP) monitoring, office BP measurement, home BP monitoring, and awake-ambulatory BP monitoring.

Methods: We carried out a comparative effectiveness study of four methods of diagnosing hypertension in 500 participants with a clinical suspicion of hypertension from three primary healthcare (PHC) centers in Barcelona city (Spain).

Higher Complication Rates for Total versus Partial Thyroidectomy in the Pediatric Population.

Introduction: This study aims to analyze the relative risks for total thyroidectomies by comparing complication rates for total versus partial thyroidectomy in the pediatric population.

Methods: We queried the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) 1997-2012 for all cases of total (n = 3253) or partial (n = 2380) thyroidectomy. We then designed a propensity score matching model and compared total versus partial thyroidectomy based on surgical complications and outcomes.