Lake Baikal amphipods and their genomes, great and small.

Endemic amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda) of Lake Baikal represent an outstanding example of large species flocks occupying a wide range of ecological niches and originating from a handful of ancestor species. Their development took place at a restricted territory and is thus open for comprehensive research. Such examples provide unique opportunities for studying behavioral, anatomic, or physiological adaptations in multiple combinations of environmental conditions and thus attract considerable attention.

A study of macroinvertebrate communities in Bolshiye Koty Bay of Lake Baikal using DNA metabarcoding.

The diversity of macroinvertebrates, the structure of their communities in Bolshiye Koty Bay (Lake Baikal) was studied by a DNA metabarcoding approach using an Illumina MiSeq system. Internal primer mlCOIintF in combination with jgHCO2198 of the Folmer fragment of the COI gene were used for macroinvertebrate metabarcoding. A total of 118009 reads of the COI gene fragment (at least 313 bp in length) were obtained.

Comparison of the evolutionary patterns of DNA repeats in ancient and young invertebrate species flocks of Lake Baikal.

DNA repeat composition of low coverage (0.1-0.5) genomic libraries of four amphipods species endemic to Lake Baikal (East Siberia) and four endemic gastropod species of the fam.

DNA metabarcoding of benthic algae and associated eukaryotes from Lake Baikal in the face of rapid environmental changes.

Here we report new data describing the biodiversity of phytobenthic communities based on DNA-metabarcoding using the 18S rDNA marker and the Illumina MiSeq system. The study was initiated due to the blooming of f ilamentous algae (mainly of the genus Spirogyra) and cyanobacteria in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal under climate change and anthropogenic impact. The composition and taxonomic diversity of algae and other organisms associated with them on different sites of Lake Baikal (near Bolshoi Ushkaniy Island, in Listvennichny Bay) and in the Kaya (within the city of Irkutsk, located in the same drainage basin as Lake Baikal) were determined using DNAmetabarcoding.

Phylogeography and Re-Evaluation of Evolutionary Rate of Powassan Virus Using Complete Genome Data.

In this paper, we revealed the genetic structure and migration history of the Powassan virus (POWV) reconstructed based on 25 complete genomes available in NCBI and ViPR databases (accessed in June 2021). The usage of this data set allowed us to perform a more precise assessment of the evolutionary rate of this virus. In addition, we proposed a simple Bayesian technique for the evaluation and visualization of 'temporal signal dynamics' along the phylogenetic tree.

Diagnosis of the mechanisms of different types of discordances between phylogenies inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial markers.

In ancient freshwater lakes, an abnormally large species diversity is observed. The mechanisms that generated extremely high biodiversity in the ancient lakes have not been sufficiently studied and remain only partially known. Sequences of environmental changes in highly complex ecosystems such as Lake Baikal, may induce sophisticated combinations of microevolutionary processes.

The diversity of the Baikal lineage of Pallas, 1766: molecular and morphological evidence.

In this paper, molecular analyses of Baikal hydras from the ' group', based on COI and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, and morphological analysis of their holotrichous isorhizas, were performed. Low genetic diversity and shared haplotypes were found between Pallas, 1766 and Swarczewsky, 1923 specimens, which is evidence of the mixing of these lineages.

[Premature aging in sleep apnea comorbid obesity persons.].

The objective was to assess the role of pathological changes in cerebral hemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnea comorbid obesity patients in premature aging. Concentric-eccentric remodeling of the common carotid artery wall, hyperconstrictor variant of cerebral angiopathy, depletion of compensatory mechanisms of cerebral blood flow autoregulation, restriction of hemodynamic reserve with narrowing of the «corridor» of admissible changes in cerebral perfusion in patients with respiratory disturbances comorbid obesity. The biological age of sleep apnea patients exceeded the passport age by 41,3%, and comorbid patients by 49,6%.

Phylogeography and demographic history of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius nasutus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in the Brazilian Caatinga biome.

Background: Rhodnius nasutus, a vector of the etiological agent Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the epidemiologically most relevant triatomine species of the Brazilian Caatinga, where it often colonizes rural peridomestic structures such as chicken coops and occasionally invades houses. Historical colonization and determination of its genetic diversity and population structure may provide new information towards the improvement of vector control in the region. In this paper we present thoughtful analyses considering the phylogeography and demographic history of R.

Clues to the Pathophysiology of Sudden Cardiac Death in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Risk assessment of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is multifactorial and complex, especially among individuals without established cardiovascular disease. There are insufficiently investigated conditions that can affect arrhythmogenesis. One such condition is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, which is not on the list of risk factors of the Russian National Society of Arrhythmology.

Description of a new species (Pulmonata: Planorbidae) from the land thermal spring Khakusy of Lake Baikal.

A new species of the family Planorbidae is described from the land thermal spring Khakusy, on the north-eastern shore of Lake Baikal. The description of includes morphological characters and gene sequences (COI of mtDNA) for the species separation from sister taxon (A. Férussac, 1807) collected from the small Krestovka River in-flowing into the south-western part of the Lake.

A new, genetically divergent species of Pseudobaikalia Lindholm, 1909 (Caenogastropoda, Baicaliidae).

A new gastropod species, Pseudobaikalia michelae Sitnikoiva & Kovalenkova, sp. n., (family Baicaliidae) is described from Lake Baikal.

[Genetic Differentiation of Populations of Baikal Endemic Sergentia baicalensis Tshern. (Diptera, Chironomidae)].

The population structure of endemic species Sergentia baicalensis (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Lake Baikal was studied using the first subunit of the cytochrome C oxidase mitochondrial gene (Col). Two populations inhabiting different basins of this lake, the southern-central and northern, were detected. It was confirmed that the divergence time of this species was dated to Late Miocene (9.

Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.

Background: Triatoma dimidiata is among the main vectors of Chagas disease in Latin America. However, and despite important advances, there is no consensus about the taxonomic status of phenotypically divergent T. dimidiata populations, which in most recent papers are regarded as subspecies.

[Evolutional relationships of endemic green algae Draparnaldioides simplex from Lake Baikal with nonbaicalian taxa of family Chaetoforaceae (Chlorophyta)].

Phylogenetic relationships between the endemic baicalian green algae Draparnaldioides simplex C. meyer et Skabitsch, 1976 and holarctic taxa of green algae were studied using the fragment of 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 of nuclear DNA. We showed that the baicalian genus Draparnaldioides is a separate taxon.

When environmental changes do not cause geographic separation of fauna: differential responses of Baikalian invertebrates.

Background: While the impact of climate fluctuations on the demographic histories of species caused by changes in habitat availability is well studied, populations of species from systems without geographic isolation have received comparatively little attention. Using CO1 mitochondrial sequences, we analysed phylogeographic patterns and demographic histories of populations of five species (four gastropod and one amphipod species) co-occurring in the southwestern shore of Lake Baikal, an area where environmental oscillations have not resulted in geographical isolation of habitats.

Results: Species with stronger habitat preferences (gastropods B.

[Genetic differentiation of the endemic Baikalian mollusk Baicalia carinata (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)].

In gastropod mollusk Baicalia carinata Dybowski, 1875, sampled in different sites of the Lake Baikal, comparison of 81 sequences of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) located between the genes for 18S rRNA and 5.8S rRNA, and of 100 sequences of the fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit 1 gene (CO1) was performed. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the endemic mollusk species studied formed at least two distinct populations, Southwestern and Eastern.