A Procedure for Analyzing the Proteomic Proteomics Profile of Schistosoma mansoni Cercariae.

Schistosomiasis is one of the most important helminthic parasitic infections in the world, with over 700 million people at risk of infection. Species of Schistosoma have a complex life cycle involving the infection of freshwater snails before infecting their mammalian definitive host. Taking about 130,000 lives per annum, S.

Physiological Stratification of Patients With Angina Due to Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction.

Background: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is defined by diminished flow reserve. Functional and structural CMD endotypes have recently been described, with normal and elevated minimal microvascular resistance, respectively.

Objectives: This study determined the mechanism of altered resting and maximal flow in CMD endotypes.

Coxsackievirus A16 in a 1-Day-Old Mouse Model of Central Nervous System Infection Shows Lower Neurovirulence than Enterovirus A71.

Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) are the major causes of hand, foot and mouth disease in young children. Although less so with CV-A16, both viruses are associated with serious neurological syndromes, but the differences between their central nervous system infections remain unclear. We conducted a comparative infection study using clinically-isolated CV-A16 and EV-A71 strains in a 1-day-old mouse model to better understand the neuropathology and neurovirulence of the viruses.

Prognostic significance of troponin level in 3121 patients presenting with atrial fibrillation (The NIHR Health Informatics Collaborative TROP-AF study).

Background Patients presenting with atrial fibrillation (AF) often undergo a blood test to measure troponin, but interpretation of the result is impeded by uncertainty about its clinical importance. We investigated the relationship between troponin level, coronary angiography, and all-cause mortality in real-world patients presenting with AF. Methods and Results We used National Institute of Health Research Health Informatics Collaborative data to identify patients admitted between 2010 and 2017 at 5 tertiary centers in the United Kingdom with a primary diagnosis of AF.

Computational hardness of spin-glass problems with tile-planted solutions.

We investigate the computational hardness of spin-glass instances on a square lattice, generated via a recently introduced tunable and scalable approach for planting solutions. The method relies on partitioning the problem graph into edge-disjoint subgraphs and planting frustrated, elementary subproblems that share a common local ground state, which guarantees that the ground state of the entire problem is known a priori. Using population annealing Monte Carlo, we compare the typical hardness of problem classes over a large region of the multidimensional tuning parameter space.

TREM-1 activation is a potential key regulator in driving severe pathogenesis of enterovirus A71 infection.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), caused by enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), presents mild to severe disease, and sometimes fatal neurological and respiratory manifestations. However, reasons for the severe pathogenesis remain undefined. To investigate this, infection and viral kinetics of EV-A71 isolates from clinical disease (mild, moderate and severe) from Sarawak, Malaysia, were characterised in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD), neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Mechanistic basis and efficacy of targeting the β-catenin-TCF7L2-JMJD6-c-Myc axis to overcome resistance to BET inhibitors.

The promising activity of BET protein inhibitors (BETi's) is compromised by adaptive or innate resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, modeling of BETi-persister/resistance (BETi-P/R) in human postmyeloproliferative neoplasm (post-MPN) secondary AML (sAML) cells demonstrated accessible and active chromatin in specific superenhancers/enhancers, which was associated with increased levels of nuclear β-catenin, TCF7L2, JMJD6, and c-Myc in BETi-P/R sAML cells. Following BETi treatment, c-Myc levels were rapidly restored in BETi-P/R sAML cells.

Protein Paper from Exfoliated Eri Silk Nanofibers.

The exfoliation of silk fiber is an attractive method to produce silk micro- and nanofibers that retain the secondary structure of native silk. However, most fibrillation methods used to date require the use of toxic and/or expensive solvents and the use of high energy. This study describes a low cost, scalable method to produce microfibrillated silk nanofibers without the use of toxic chemicals by controlling the application of shear using commercially scalable milling and homogenization equipment.

Evaluation of A Phylogenetic Pipeline to Examine Transmission Networks in A Canadian HIV Cohort.

HIV; Canada; molecular phylogenetics; viral evolution; person-to-person transmission inference; transmission network; summary statistics.

Outcome of ACHD patients with non-inducible versus inducible IART undergoing cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation: the role of empiric ablation.

Purpose: Catheter ablation for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is an important therapeutic option. Cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI)-dependent intraatrial re-entrant tachycardia (IART) is common. However, induction of sustained tachycardia at the time of ablation is not always possible.

Predictors of ICU admission and long-term outcomes in overdose presentations to Emergency Department.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients presenting to an Emergency Department (ED) following overdoses; to identify risk factors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission among these patients; and to identify the rate of mortality and repeat overdose presentations over four years.

Methods: Adult patients presenting to ED following drug overdose during 2014 were included. Data were collected from medical notes and hospital databases.

Cryoablation for persistent and longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation: results from a multicentre European registry.

Aims: Although cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation is a well-established treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), it's role in persistent AF is unclear. We examined procedural success and long-term outcomes of cryoablation in persistent and longstanding persistent AF.

Methods And Results: International multicentre registry from three UK and eight European centres.

Evaluation of the undergraduate family medicine programme of Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya: quantitative and qualitative student feedback.

Background: Worldwide there is an increasing emphasis on the importance of primary care. The ministry of health Sri Lanka issued a directive in 2016 that training of doctors in primary care should be strengthened. Medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya follow a 1 month long clinical appointment in family medicine in their fourth year of study.

Vaccination against the digestive enzyme Cathepsin B using a YS1646 Salmonella enterica Typhimurium vector provides almost complete protection against Schistosoma mansoni challenge in a mouse model.

Schistosoma mansoni threatens hundreds of millions of people in >50 countries. Schistosomulae migrate through the lung and adult worms reside in blood vessels adjacent to the intestinal mucosa. Current candidate vaccines aren't designed to elicit a mucosal response.

Association of troponin level and age with mortality in 250 000 patients: cohort study across five UK acute care centres.

Objective: To determine the relation between age and troponin level and its prognostic implication.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Five cardiovascular centres in the UK National Institute for Health Research Health Informatics Collaborative (UK-NIHR HIC).

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Is Associated With Myocardial Ischemia and Abnormal Coronary Perfusion During Exercise.

Background: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is defined by impaired flow augmentation in response to a pharmacological vasodilator in the presence of nonobstructive coronary artery disease. It is unknown whether diminished coronary vasodilator response correlates with abnormal exercise physiology or inducible myocardial ischemia.

Methods: Patients with angina and nonobstructive coronary artery disease had simultaneous coronary pressure and flow velocity measured using a dual sensor-tipped guidewire during rest, supine bicycle exercise, and adenosine-mediated hyperemia.

Prospective Evaluation of Cognitive Health and Related Factors in Elderly at Risk for Developing Alzheimer's Dementia: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: The CHARIOT PRO Main study is a prospective, non-interventional study evaluating cognitive trajectories in participants at the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) classified by risk levels for developing mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI-AD).

Objectives: The study aimed to characterize factors and markers influencing cognitive and functional progression among individuals at-risk for developing MCI-AD, and examine data for more precise predictors of cognitive change, particularly in relation to APOE ε4 subgroup.

Design: This single-site study was conducted at the Imperial College London (ICL) in the United Kingdom.