In Silico Analysis of the Missense Variants of Uncertain Significance of Gene Reported in GnomAD Database.

pathogenic variants are related to the improper functioning of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, promoting the development of different types of cancer of somatic origin. Bioinformatics analyses of genetic variation are a great tool to understand the possible consequences of these variants on protein structure and function and their probable implication in pathologies. The objective of this study is to describe the impact of the missense variants of uncertain significance (VUS) of the gene on structure and function of the β-catenin protein.

Exon 2 Mutations in Patients with Sporadic Colorectal Cancer: Prevalence Variations in Mexican and Latin American Populations.

We searched for the prevalence of actionable somatic mutations in exon 2 of the gene in western Mexican patients with CRC. Tumor tissue DNA samples from 150 patients with sporadic CRC recruited at the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara were analyzed. Mutations in exon 2 of the gene were identified using Sanger sequencing, and the data were analyzed considering clinical-pathological characteristics.

Microbiota composition and its impact on DNA methylation in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors. DNA methylation is frequently found in tumor suppressor genes to promote cancer development. Several factors are associated with changes in the DNA methylation pattern, and recently, the gastrointestinal microbiota could be associated with this epigenetic change.

Serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis in the Mexican population is not related to the severity of the disease.

Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, the effects of excess of nitric oxide, may contribute to the symptoms of periodontitis. Objective: To determine the serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and to compare it with a healthy subject group from the Mexican population. Materials and methods: A case and control study was performed.

Low expression of E-Cadherin and variants associated with diffuse gastric cancer.

Background: Reduced or null expression of E-cadherin protein is a frequent cause of diffuse gastric cancer (DGC). More than 50% of patients with DGC present somatic variants in gene.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to study E-cadherin expression and identify variants in the gene in gastric tumors of patients with DGC.

Molecular Profiling of Tumor Tissue in Mexican Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple genomic changes that influence the clinical management of patients; thus, the search for new molecular targets remains necessary. The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants in tumor tissues from Mexican patients with colorectal cancer, using massive parallel sequencing. A total of 4813 genes were analyzed in tumoral DNA from colorectal cancer patients, using the TruSight One Sequencing panel.

Interaction of CCND2, CDKN1A, and POLD3 Variants in Mexican Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the second cause of death by cancer around the world. Sporadic colorectal cancer is the most frequent (75%), and it is produced by the interaction of environmental, epigenetic, and genetic factors. The accumulation of single-nucleotide variants in genes associated with cell proliferation, DNA repair, and/or apoptosis could confer a risk to cancer.

Anticancer Activity of the Polar Fraction From the Ethanolic Extract.

Cancer is an increasingly common disease and is considered one of the main causes of death in the world. () is a cactus used in Mexico in traditional medicine for cancer treatment. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract and the polar and nonpolar fractions of in murine L5178Y lymphoma cells , analyzing their effect on the proliferative activity of splenocytes, and establishing the effective concentration 50 (EC) of the polar fraction.

Methylation analysis of MIR200 family in Mexican patients with colorectal cancer.

The present study aimed to analyze the methylation pattern of the family in the colorectal tissues and peripheral blood of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Previous informed consent, 102 samples of colorectal tissues (tumor and adjacent normal tissues) and 40 peripheral blood samples were collected from CRC patients. Additionally, we included a reference group of 40 blood samples.

Somatic deletion of gene is associated to advanced colorectal cancer stages.

Aims: KDM1A/LSD1 and ZNF217 are involved in a protein complex that participates in transcriptional regulation. has been analysed in numerous cancers and its amplification has been associated with advanced stages of disease; however, a similar role for has not been uncovered. In this study, we estimated the number of and gene copies in tissue samples from patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as its association with clinicopathological features in patients with CRC.

ADIPOQ rs2241766 SNP as protective marker against DIBC development in Mexican population.

Background: Adiponectin protein and some variations in its gene, ADIPOQ have recently been associated with cancer because they regulate glucose and lipid metabolism as well as anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory proteins.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between selected biochemical markers, anthropometric indices and ADIPOQ rs2241766 and rs1501299 SNPs in ductal infiltrating breast cancer (DIBC) in a Mexican population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 64 DIBC patients and 167 healthy women.

CDH1 somatic alterations in Mexican patients with diffuse and mixed sporadic gastric cancer.

Background: Diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) is associated with the reduction or absence of the expression of the cell adhesion protein E-cadherin (encoded by the CDH1 gene). Molecular characteristics are less well described for mixed gastric cancer (MGC). The main somatic alterations that have been described in the CDH1 gene are mutations, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and promoter methylation.

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in gastric tumors and its relationship with the germline polymorphisms - 216 G>T, -191 C>A, (CA) n IVS1, and R521K.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third worldwide leading cause of cancer-related death affecting both sexes. The aberrant expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene has been detected in many human epithelial malignancies and linked to advanced disease, more aggressive phenotype, and poor prognosis.

Aims: To analyze the relation that the expression of EGFR in gastric tumors holds with pathological characteristics and with the germline polymorphisms -216 G>T, -191 C>A, (CA) n IVS1, and R521K.

Chronic exposure to endosulfan induces inflammation in murine colon via β-catenin expression and IL-6 production.

Endosulfan (ENDO) is a widely used organochlorine (OC) pesticide and persistent organo-pollutant. Epidemiological studies have shown that high levels of OC exposure were related to colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate histological changes in the colon, as well as in in situ expression of β-catenin and P-selectin, and serum levels of select pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice administered ENDO; there is a relationship between increased serum IL-6 and P-selectin levels in CRC patients and aberrant β-catenin signaling is important in initiation/maintenance of most CRCs.

RUNX3 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes in Mexican patients with colorectal cancer.

We analyzed a possible association between RUNX3 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes in Mexican patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Genomic DNA samples were obtained from the peripheral blood of 176 Mexican patients with CRC at diagnosis and from 195 individuals that formed the control group. The polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Effect of ZNF217 gene polymorphisms on colorectal cancer development in a Mexican population.

The ZNF217 gene, a potential oncogene amplified and overexpressed in several cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC), acts as a transcription factor that activates or represses target genes. The polymorphisms rs16998248 (T>A) and rs35720349 (C>T) in coronary artery disease have been associated with reduced expression of ZNF217. In this study, we analyzed the 2 polymorphisms in Mexican patients with CRC.

MDR1 C3435T polymorphism in Mexican patients with breast cancer.

We investigated whether the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism is associated with fibrocystic changes (FCC), infiltrating ductal breast cancer (IDBC), and/or clinical-pathological features of IDBC in Mexican patients. Samples from women who received surgical treatment in 2007 at the Centro Médico de Occidente (México) were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphisms in 64 paraffin-embedded breast samples with IDBC, 64 samples with FCC, and 183 peripheral blood samples of healthy females designated as the healthy group (HG).

Association of MMP7-181A/G and MMP13-77A/G polymorphisms with colorectal cancer in a Mexican population.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by enhanced expression and activity of several metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP13 and MMP7, which play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. The objective of this study was to analyze the association of functional MMP7-181A/G and MMP13-77A/G promoter polymorphisms with susceptibility to CRC in a Mexican population. Genomic DNA samples were obtained from peripheral blood of 102 CRC patients and 125 blood donors who were included as the control group.

MLH1 and XRCC1 polymorphisms in Mexican patients with colorectal cancer.

DNA repair proteins maintain DNA integrity; polymorphisms in genes coding for these proteins can increase susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We analyzed a possible association of MLH1 -93G>A and 655A>G and XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorphisms with CRC in Mexican patients. Genomic DNA samples were obtained from peripheral blood of 108 individuals with CRC (study group) at diagnosis and 120 blood donors (control group) from Western Mexico; both groups were mestizos.

MDR1 C3435T polymorphism in Mexican children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in healthy individuals.

To determine the influence of the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism on the development of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we studied 107 children with ALL and 111 healthy subjects. All subjects were genotyped for the C3435T polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The genotype frequencies in the patients were 17% homozygous CC, 61% heterozygous CT, and 22% homozygous TT; in healthy individuals the genotype frequencies were 14% CC, 53% CT, and 33% TT.

Immunotoxicity and hepatic function evaluation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to diazinon.

The LC(50) of the organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) diazinon to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was determined, thereafter, hepatic activity, phagocytic index, percentages of active cells, relative spleen weight, total IgM concentration and lymphoproliferation rates were compared between diazinon exposed groups (LC(50) and (1/2)LC(50)) and non-exposed control group. Experimental data show that diazinon is highly toxic for juvenile Nile tilapia (LC(50)=7.830 ppm) and presents immunotoxic properties which affect both the innate and cellular adaptive immune responses of this fish, as revealed by the fact that splenocyte proliferation and phagocytic indices were significantly decreased after acute exposure to the pesticide.

Immunological study of a chitosan prosthesis in the sciatic nerve regeneration of the axotomized dog.

This study demonstrated that when the regeneration of the axotomized sciatic nerve is induced through tubulization with chitosan, this biomaterial does not induce immunostimulation or immunodepression in the dog. Canine females were distributed among three groups: an intact control group which was only isolated, an axotomized control group, and an axotomized group which was tubulized with 3% chitosan prostheses. In vitro culture and phagocytosis tests, as well as IgG and IgM serum concentrations, were determined in peripheral blood on days 0, 15, 30 and 60.