Evaluation of Subsp (Canan SV-53) as a Potential Probiotic Bacterium.

The advent of omic platforms revealed the significant benefits of probiotics in the prevention of many infectious diseases. This led to a growing interest in novel strains of probiotics endowed with health characteristics related to microbiome and immune modulation. Therefore, autochthonous bacteria in plant ecosystems might offer a good source for novel next-generation probiotics.

Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions.

Undernutrition remains a major issue in global health. Low protein-energy consumption, results in stunting, wasting and/or underweight, three deleterious forms of malnutrition that affect roughly 200 million children under the age of five years. Undernutrition compromises the immune system with the generation of various degrees of immunodeficiency, which in turn, renders undernourished individuals more sensitive to acute infections.

Humoral immunoresponse elicited against an adenoviral-based SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus vaccine in elderly patients.

The early sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome allowed for a speedy development of effective vaccines against the virus. Nevertheless, age-related immunosenescence, the inability to mount strong immune responses, still represents a major obstacle. Here, in a group of 149 elderly volunteers (70-96 years old), evolution of the humoral immune response over time to Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), a vaccine based on heterologous recombinant adenovirus-26 (Ad26) and adenovirus-5 (Ad5) carrying the Spike genome, was analyzed by an anti-RBD ELISA.

Probiotic Consumption Boosts Thymus in Obesity and Senescence Mouse Models.

The ability of the immune system to respond to different pathogens throughout life requires the constant production and selection of T cells in the thymus. This immune organ is very sensitive to age, infectious processes and nutrition disorders (obesity and malnutrition). Several studies have shown that the incorporation of some probiotic bacteria or probiotic fermented milk in the diet has beneficial effects, not only at the intestinal level but also on distant mucosal tissues, improving the architecture of the thymus in a malnutrition model.

Long-term analysis of antibodies elicited by SPUTNIK V: A prospective cohort study in Tucumán, Argentina.

Background: Gam-COVID-Vac (SPUTNIK V) has been granted emergency use authorization in 70 nations and has been administered to millions worldwide. However, there are very few peer-reviewed studies describing its effects. Independent reports regarding safety and effectiveness could accelerate the final approval by the WHO.

Elevated Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 at High Altitudes Revealed by an Anti-RBD "" ELISA.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic with dramatic health and socioeconomic consequences. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) challenges health systems to quickly respond by developing new diagnostic strategies that contribute to identify infected individuals, monitor infections, perform contact-tracing, and limit the spread of the virus. In this brief report, we developed a highly sensitive, specific, and precise "" ELISA to correctly discriminate previously SARS-CoV-2-infected and non-infected individuals and study population seroprevalence.

Survival effect of probiotics in a rat model of colorectal cancer treated with capecitabine.

Background: Probiotics are used to manage a number of gastrointestinal disorders due to their beneficial properties. Clinical reports showed that probiotics also improve the life quality of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) subjected to oncologic treatment. In a CRC animal model, probiotics supplementation has the potential to decrease the formation of aberrant crypts and ameliorate tumor malignancy, enhancing the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy.

Probiotic Bacteria and Their Cell Walls Induce Th1-Type Immunity Against Typhimurium Challenge.

Probiotics have been associated with a variety of health benefits. They can act as adjuvant to enhance specific immune response. Bacterial cell wall (CW) molecules are key structures that interact with host receptors promoting probiotic effects.

Modulation of gut immune response by probiotic fermented milk consumption to control IgE in a respiratory allergy model.

Allergies are a world increasing health issue and most treatments are oriented to alleviate symptoms. Probiotics have several health benefits including the improvement of the immune system. In previous work we found that consumption of commercial probiotic fermented milk (PFM) significantly reduced specific-immunoglobulin (Ig) E in serum and lungs by increasing specific-IgG and controlled allergic response to ovalbumin (OVA) in an adult mouse respiratory allergy model.

Probiotic lactobacilli as a promising strategy to ameliorate disorders associated with intestinal inflammation induced by a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

Damage to the small intestine caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) occurs more frequently than in the upper gastrointestinal tract, is more difficult to diagnose and no effective treatments exist. Hence, we investigated whether probiotics can control the onset of this severe condition in a murine model of intestinal inflammation induced by the NSAID, indomethacin. Probiotic supplementation to mice reduce the body weight loss, anemia, shortening of the small intestine, cell infiltration into the intestinal tissue and the loss of Paneth and Goblet cells associated with intestinal inflammation.

Respiratory allergy control by probiotic fermented milk intake: a mouse model from weaning to maturity.

This study is based on our previous research showing that commercial probiotic fermented milk (PFM) intake mitigates respiratory allergy development to ovalbumin (OVA) in adult mice (6-weeks old) increasing specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G2a and interferon (IFN)-γ rather than IgE. The aim was to determine if PFM exerts a protective effect when an allergy model is induced 5 days after weaning and whether the mechanisms involved are similar to those previously reported. Before inducing allergy, a group of 21-day old BALB/c mice received PFM for 10 days to analyse the impact on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) activation.

Milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei CRL431 administered as an immune adjuvant in models of breast cancer and metastasis under chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy is the most common treatment for breast cancer and its metastasis; however, it affects the patients' quality of life. Previously, it was demonstrated that milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei CRL431 (probiotic fermented milk (PFM)) exerted benefits against breast cancer metastasis by modulating the immune response in a mouse model. The aim of this work was to evaluate PFM administration on the side effects of capecitabine and on its anti-tumour/anti-metastatic effects.

Milk fermented by CRL431 modifies cytokine profiles associated to different stages of breast cancer development in mice.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is recognised that immune system influences its promotion, progression, and metastasis, as well as their responsiveness to therapies. Previously, it was reported that milk fermented by CRL431 decreased tumour growth and metastasis in a mouse breast cancer model, through the modulation of the host immune response.

Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System.

Background: The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most microbiologically active ecosystems that plays a crucial role in the working of the mucosal immune system (MIS). In this ecosystem, the consumed probiotics stimulate the immune system and induce a network of signals mediated by the whole bacteria or their cell wall structure. This review is aimed at describing the immunological mechanisms of probiotics and their beneficial effects on the host.

Oral Administration of Probiotics Increases Paneth Cells and Intestinal Antimicrobial Activity.

The huge amount of intestinal bacteria represents a continuing threat to the intestinal barrier. To meet this challenge, gut epithelial cells produce antimicrobial peptides (AMP) that act at the forefront of innate immunity. We explore whether this antimicrobial activity and Paneth cells, the main intestinal cell responsible of AMP production, are influenced by probiotics administration, to avoid the imbalance of intestinal microbiota and preserve intestinal barrier.

Probiotic bacteria cell walls stimulate the activity of the intestinal epithelial cells and macrophage functionality.

The effect of oral administration of probiotic bacteria cell walls (PBCWs) in the stimulation of the immune system in healthy BALB/c mice was evaluated. We focused our investigation mainly on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) which are essential for coordinating an adequate mucosal immune response and on the functionality of macrophages. The probiotic bacteria and their cell walls were able to stimulate the IECs exhibiting an important activation and cytokine releases.

Probiotic fermented milk consumption modulates the allergic process induced by ovoalbumin in mice.

Orally administered probiotic micro-organisms are able to regulate the exacerbated immune response during the antigenic sensitisation process. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of probiotic fermented milk (PFM) in preventing or treating allergy in an experimental model, and to investigate its underlying mechanisms. Ovoalbumin (OVA)-sensitised BALB/c mice were fed with PFM before the sensitisation procedure or fed continuously with PFM.

Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 administration decreases inflammatory cytokines in a diet-induced obese mouse model.

Objectives: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with an inflammatory process in which cytokines play an important role. Probiotic microorganisms have been associated with modulation of the host immune system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 on the cytokine response in a model of mice under high-fat diet (HFD) conditions.

Inhibition of Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer in Mice by Milk Fermented With Lactobacillus casei CRL 431.

Breast cancer is the second cause of death in women, who are especially related to uncontrolled metastasis. It was previously demonstrated that the administration of milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 [fermented milk (FM)] delayed the tumor growth in a murine breast cancer model. In this work we evaluated if the administration of FM to mice, starting when the tumor was measurable, can affect not only the tumor growth, but also the extravasation of tumor cells and the lung metastasis.

Role of probiotics and functional foods in health: gut immune stimulation by two probiotic strains and a potential probiotic yoghurt.

There are numerous reports that show the benefits on the health attributed to the probiotic consumptions. Most of the studies were performed using animal models and only some of them were validated in controlled human trials. The present review is divided in two sections.

Evaluation of immune response, microbiota, and blood markers after probiotic bacteria administration in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet.

Objective: Obesity is associated with alterations in intestinal microbiota and immunity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 administration on intestinal and humoral immune response, clinical parameters, and gut microbiota was evaluated using a high-fat diet to induce obesity in a mouse model.

Methods: Adult mice received a conventional balanced diet or a high-fat diet supplemented with milk, milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei (FM), L.

Fermented or unfermented milk using Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019: Technological approach determines the probiotic modulation of mucosal cellular immunity.

Functional foods are important sources of probiotic delivery, mainly by fermented milk products. The physiological benefits attributed to bifido bacteria are their abilities to interfere with the adhesion of pathogenic species to surfaces of intestinal cells, and to enhance the host's immune function through their metabolic activities. However, the effects of a technological approach - fermentation or addition of probiotic in milk, and its efficacy in health are rarely taken into consideration.

Modification in the diet can induce beneficial effects against breast cancer.

The population tends to consume foods that in addition to their nutritional values can offer some benefits to their health. There are many epidemiological evidences and research studies in animal models suggesting that diet plays an important role in breast cancer prevention or progression. This review summarized some of the relevant researches about nutrition and cancer during the last years, especially in breast cancer.

The administration of milk fermented by the probiotic Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 exerts an immunomodulatory effect against a breast tumour in a mouse model.

Antitumour activity is one of the health-promoting effects attributed to probiotics specially analysed from preclinical models, mostly murine. Here, the effect of milk fermented by the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei CRL 431, on a murine breast cancer model was analysed. Mice were fed with milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei or unfermented milk before and after tumour injection.

Influence of a probiotic lactobacillus strain on the intestinal ecosystem in a stress model mouse.

Daily exposure to stressful situations affects the health of humans and animals. It has been shown that psychological stress affects the immune system and can exacerbate diseases. Probiotics can act as biological immunomodulators in healthy people, increasing both intestinal and systemic immune responses.