Isolation of uranium(III) primary phosphido complexes.

Low-valent uranium(III) primary phosphido complexes supported by hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate (Tp*) were synthesized with phosphines of varying steric and electronic profiles. Compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (H, B, P NMR), infrared spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and quantum chemical calculations.

Synthesis of Non-Aqueous Neptunium(III) Halide Solvates from NpO.

Two Np(III) halides, NpI (THF) and NpBr (THF) , have been prepared and isolated in high yields as described in this work. Starting with neptunia (NpO ), NpCl (DME) was first generated in an updated, higher yielding synthesis than what was previously reported by using HCl/HF. This material was then reduced with KC , followed by subsequent ligand exchange, to generate NpBr (THF) and NpI -(THF) .

Organophosphorus-Modified Lanthanide Nitrates as Potential Actinide Oxide Aerosol Surrogates.

In search of suitable simulants for aerosol uranium waste products from Plutonium Uranium Redox Extraction (PUREX) process burns, a series of lanthanide nitrate hydrates ([Ln(NO)·HO]) were dissolved in the presence of tributylphosphate (O═P(O(CH)CH)) referred to as TBP) in kerosene or triphenylphosphate (O═P(O(CH) referred to as TPhP) in acetone. The crystal structure of the TPhP derivatives of the lanthanide nitrate series and uranium nitrate were solved as [Ln(κNO)(TPhP)] ( = , , , , , , , , , , , , , ) and [U(O)(κNO)(TPhP)] (), respectively. The lanthanide-TBP, , and were further characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, P NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.

Conversion of Trivalent Uranium Anilido to Tetravalent Uranium Imido Species via Oxidative Deprotonation.

Two uranium(III) anilido complexes were synthesized, Tp*U(NH-CH--terpyridine) () and Tp*U(NH-CH--CH) (), where Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate, by protonation of Tp*UBn (; Bn = benzyl) with 4-[2,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl]benzenamine or -toluidine, respectively. Conversion to the respective uranium(IV) imido species was possible by oxidation and deprotonation, forming Tp*U(N-CH--terpyridine) () and Tp*U(N-CH--CH) (). These compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography.

Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Retention of Visuomotor Stepping Skills in Healthy Adults.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired with exercise training can enhance learning and retention of hand tasks; however, there have been few investigations of the effects of tDCS on leg skill improvements. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether tDCS paired with visuomotor step training can promote skill learning and retention. We hypothesized that pairing step training with anodal tDCS would improve skill learning and retention, evidenced by decreased step reaction times (RTs), both immediately (online skill gains) and 30 min after training (offline skill gains).

Synthesis, Characterization, and Nanomaterials Generated from 6,6'-(((2-Hydroxyethyl)azanediyl)bis(methylene))bis(2,4-di- tert-butylphenol) Modified Group 4 Metal Alkoxides.

The impact on the morphology nanoceramic materials generated from group 4 metal alkoxides ([M(OR)]) and the same precursors modified by 6,6'-(((2-hydroxyethyl)azanediyl)bis(methylene))bis(2,4-di- tert-butylphenol) (referred to as H-AM-DBP (1)) was explored. The products isolated from the 1:1 stoichiometric reaction of a series of [M(OR)] where M = Ti, Zr, or Hf; OR = OCH(CH)(OPr ); OC(CH)(OBu ); OCHC(CH)(ONep) with H-AM-DBP proved, by single crystal X-ray diffraction, to be [(ONep)Ti( k( O,O',O'',N)-AM-DBP)] (2), [(OR)M(μ( O)- k( O',O'',N)-AM-DBP)] [M = Zr: OR = OPr , 3·tol; OBu , 4·tol; ONep, 5·tol; M = Hf: OR = OBu , 6·tol; ONep, 7·tol]. The product from each system led to a tetradentate AM-DBP ligand and retention of a parent alkoxide ligand.

Synthesis and Characterization of Tris(trimethylsilyl)siloxide Derivatives of Early Transition Metal Alkoxides That Thermally Convert to Varied Ceramic-Silica Architecture Materials.

In an effort to generate single-source precursors for the production of metal-siloxide (MSiO ) materials, the tris(trimethylsilyl)silanol (H-SST or H-OSi(SiMe) (1) ligand was reacted with a series of group 4 and 5 metal alkoxides. The group 4 products were crystallographically characterized as [Ti(SST)(OR)] (OR = OPr (2), OBu (3), ONep (4)); [Ti(SST)(OBu )] (5); [Zr(SST)(OBu )(py)] (6); [Zr(SST)(OR)] (OR = OBu (7), ONep, (8)); [Hf(SST)(OBu )] (9); and [Hf(SST)(ONep)(py) ] ( n = 1 (10), n = 2 (10a)) where OPr = OCH(CH), OBu = OC(CH), OBu = O(CH)CH, ONep = OCHC(CH), py = pyridine. The crystal structures revealed varied SST substitutions for: monomeric Ti species that adopted a tetrahedral ( T-4) geometry; monomeric Zr compounds with coordination that varied from T-4 to trigonal bipyramidal ( TBPY-5); and monomeric Hf complexes isolated in a TBPY-5 geometry.

Synthesis and characterization of thallium-salen derivatives for use as underground fluid flow tracers.

A pair of thallium salen derivatives was synthesized and characterized for potential use as monitors (or taggants) or as models for Group 13 complexes for subterranean fluid flows. These precursors were isolated from the reaction of thallium ethoxide with N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-ethylenediamine (H-salo-Bu), or N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (H-saloPh-Bu). The products were identified by single crystal X-ray diffraction as: [((μ-O),κ-(N)(N')salo-Bu)Tl] (1) and {[((μ-O)saloPh-Bu)Tl][((μ-O),κ-(N)(N')saloPh-Bu)Tl]} (2).

Synthesis and Characterization of Structurally Diverse Alkaline-Earth Salen Compounds for Subterranean Fluid Flow Tracking.

A family of magnesium and calcium salen-derivatives was synthesized and characterized for use as subterranean fluid flow monitors. For the Mg complexes, di- n-butyl magnesium ([Mg(Bu )]) was reacted with N, N'-ethylene bis(salicylideneimine) (H-salen), N, N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (H-saloPh), N, N'-bis(3,5-di- t-butylsalicylidene)-ethylenediamine (H-salo-Bu ), or N, N'-bis(3,5-di- t-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (H-saloPh-Bu ), and the products were identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as [(κ-(O,N,N'),μ-(O')saloPh)(μ-(O),(κ-(N,N'),μ-(O')saloPh)(μ-(O),κ-(N,N',O')saloPh')Mg]·2tol (1·2tol; saloPh' = an alkyl-modified saloPh derivative generated in situ), [(κ-(O,N,N',O')saloPh)Mg(py)]·py (2·py), [(κ-(O,N,N',O')salo-Bu )Mg(py)] (3), [(κ-(O,N,N',O')saloPh-Bu )Mg(py)]·tol (4·tol), and [(κ-(O,N,N'),μ-(O')saloPh-Bu )Mg] (5), where tol = toluene; py = pyridine. For the Ca species, a calcium amide was independently reacted with H-salo-Bu and H-saloPh-Bu to generate the crystallographcially characterized compounds: [(κ-(O,N,N',O')salo-Bu )Ca(py)] (6), [(κ-(O,N,N',O')saloPh-Bu )Ca(py)]·py (7·py).

Steps for strengthening the health education profession.

Since its founding in 1950, the Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE) has evolved in response to the changing needs of both the public and the profession. This SOPHE Presidential Address provides a brief review of SOPHE's history and the legacy of its achievements over some 60 years. It also describes how new challenges being created by the pending organizational realignment between SOPHE and the American Association for Health Education, which promises to further unify the profession, along with changing American community demographics, can provide an opportunity for SOPHE to strengthen the health education profession by becoming more inclusive and further redefining Dorothy Nyswander's concept of the "Open Society" and the role health educators play as agents of change.

Two- to sixfold decreased odds of HIV risk behavior associated with use of syringe exchange.

We report results of a community study of syringe exchange that compared the HIV risk behavior of exchange clients with that of nonclients. A prospective cohort of 259 untreated injecting drug users (IDUs) was followed a mean of 10.7 months after baseline.

Evaluation of health education programs: current assessment and future directions.

Recently there has been an increase in the different types of strategies used in health education interventions, including an emphasis on broadening programs focused on individual behavior change to include larger units of practice. There has also been an increasing critique of the traditional physical science paradigm for evaluating the multiple dimensions inherent in many interventions. Additionally, there is a growing recognition of the importance of involving multiple stakeholders in designing, implementing, and evaluating interventions.