Expanding the range of graphene energy transfer with multilayer graphene.

The interaction between single emitters and graphene in the context of energy transfer has attracted significant attention due to its potential applications in fields such as biophysics and super-resolution microscopy. In this study, we investigate the influence of the number of graphene layers on graphene energy transfer (GET) by placing single dye molecules at defined distances from monolayer, bilayer, and trilayer graphene substrates. We employ DNA origami nanostructures as chemical adapters to position the dye molecules precisely.

Combined application of bacteriophages with a competitive exclusion culture and carvacrol with organic acids can reduce Campylobacter in primary broiler production.

For reducing Campylobacter (C.) in the food production chain and thus the risk to the consumer, the combined application of different measures as a multiple-hurdle approach is currently under discussion. This is the first study to investigate possible synergistic activities in vivo, aiming at reducing intestinal C.

Deep-LASI, single-molecule data analysis software.

By avoiding ensemble averaging, single-molecule methods provide novel means of extracting mechanistic insights into function of material and molecules at the nanoscale. However, one of the big limitations is the vast amount of data required for analyzing and extracting the desired information, which is time-consuming and user dependent. Here, we introduce Deep-LASI, a software suite for the manual and automatic analysis of single-molecule traces, interactions, and the underlying kinetics.

Intelligent Care Management for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Scoping Review of Computer Vision and Machine Learning Techniques and Applications.

Ten percent of adults in the United States have a diagnosis of diabetes and up to a third of these individuals will develop a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in their lifetime. Of those who develop a DFU, a fifth will ultimately require amputation with a mortality rate of up to 70% within five years. The human suffering, economic burden, and disproportionate impact of diabetes on communities of color has led to increasing interest in the use of computer vision (CV) and machine learning (ML) techniques to aid the detection, characterization, monitoring, and even prediction of DFUs.

Simulated pressure changes in LacI suggest a link between hydration and functional conformational changes.

The functions of many proteins are associated with interconversions among conformational substates. However, these substates can be difficult to measure experimentally, and determining contributions from hydration changes can be especially difficult. Here, we assessed the use of pressure perturbations to sample the substates accessible to the Escherichia coli lactose repressor protein (LacI) in various liganded forms.

Deep-LASI: deep-learning assisted, single-molecule imaging analysis of multi-color DNA origami structures.

Single-molecule experiments have changed the way we explore the physical world, yet data analysis remains time-consuming and prone to human bias. Here, we introduce Deep-LASI (Deep-Learning Assisted Single-molecule Imaging analysis), a software suite powered by deep neural networks to rapidly analyze single-, two- and three-color single-molecule data, especially from single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) experiments. Deep-LASI automatically sorts recorded traces, determines FRET correction factors and classifies the state transitions of dynamic traces all in ~20-100 ms per trajectory.

Directing Intrinsic Chirality in Gold Nanoclusters: Preferential Formation of Stable Enantiopure Clusters in High Yield and Experimentally Unveiling the "Super" Chirality of Au.

Chiral gold nanoclusters offer significant potential for exploring chirality at a fundamental level and for exploiting their applications in sensing and catalysis. However, their widespread use is impeded by low yields in synthesis, tedious separation procedures of their enantiomeric forms, and limited thermal stability. In this study, we investigated the direct synthesis of enantiopure chiral nanoclusters using the chiral ligand 2-MeBuSH in the fabrication of Au, Au, and Au nanoclusters.

A new twist on PIFE: photoisomerisation-related fluorescence enhancement.

PIFE was first used as an acronym for protein-induced fluorescence enhancement, which refers to the increase in fluorescence observed upon the interaction of a fluorophore, such as a cyanine, with a protein. This fluorescence enhancement is due to changes in the rate of/photoisomerisation. It is clear now that this mechanism is generally applicable to interactions with any biomolecule.

Water Harvesting at the Single-Crystal Level.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a class of porous materials with facile uptake and release of water, turning them into excellent substrates for real-world atmospheric water harvesting applications. The performance of different MOF systems was experimentally characterized at the bulk level by assessing the total amount of water taken up and the release kinetics, leaving the question behind of what the upper limit of the pristine materials actually is. Moreover, recent devices rely on fluidized bed reactors that exploit the harvesting capacities of MOFs at the single-crystal (SC) level.

A new twist on PIFE: photoisomerisation-related fluorescence enhancement.

PIFE was first used as an acronym for protein-induced fluorescence enhancement, which refers to the increase in fluorescence observed upon the interaction of a fluorophore, such as a cyanine, with a protein. This fluorescence enhancement is due to changes in the rate of cis/trans photoisomerisation. It is clear now that this mechanism is generally applicable to interactions with any biomolecule and, in this review, we propose that PIFE is thereby renamed according to its fundamental working principle as photoisomerisation-related fluorescence enhancement, keeping the PIFE acronym intact.

Multicolor 3D Orbital Tracking.

Feedback-based single-particle tracking (SPT) is a powerful technique for investigating particle behavior with very high spatiotemporal resolution. The ability to follow different species and their interactions independently adds a new dimension to the information available from SPT. However, only a few approaches have been expanded to multiple colors and no method is currently available that can follow two differently labeled biomolecules in 4 dimensions independently.

An alternative splicing modulator decreases mutant HTT and improves the molecular fingerprint in Huntington's disease patient neurons.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by poly-Q expansion in the Huntingtin (HTT) protein. Here, we delineate elevated mutant HTT (mHTT) levels in patient-derived cells including fibroblasts and iPSC derived cortical neurons using mesoscale discovery (MSD) HTT assays. HD patients' fibroblasts and cortical neurons recapitulate aberrant alternative splicing as a molecular fingerprint of HD.

Antimicrobial effect of a drinking water additive comprising four organic acids on Campylobacter load in broilers and monitoring of bacterial susceptibility.

Application of organic acids via feed or drinking water is under discussion as a possible intervention strategy to reduce Campylobacter (C.) load in primary poultry production. A previous in vitro study showed that reduced concentrations of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, propionic acid, and acetic acid were required for antibacterial activity against Campylobacter when using a mixture of these 4 acids compared to when using the single acids.

Anti-Xa Directed Thromboprophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019.

To compare Anti-Xa directed thromboprophylaxis using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (anti-Xa peak goal 0.2-0.5 IU/mL) to alternative anticoagulation strategies in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Ceftriaxone versus cefazolin for the treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.

Few studies have evaluated the use of ceftriaxone (CRO) in the treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of CRO versus cefazolin (CZO) for patients with MSSA bacteraemia. This was a multicentre, single health-system, retrospective study.

Chemical Synthesis of the Fluorescent, Cyclic Dinucleotides c GAMP.

The cGAS-STING pathway is known for its role in sensing cytosolic DNA introduced by a viral infection, bacterial invasion or tumorigenesis. Free DNA is recognized by the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) catalyzing the production of 2',3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (2',3'-cGAMP) in mammals. This cyclic dinucleotide acts as a second messenger, activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) that finally triggers the transcription of interferon genes and inflammatory cytokines.

First Look Into the Ambrosia Beetle-Fungus Symbiosis Present in Commercial Avocado Orchards in Michoacán, Mexico.

Most beetle-fungus symbioses do not represent a threat to agricultural and natural ecosystems; however, a few beetles are able to inoculate healthy hosts with disease-causing fungal symbionts. Here, we report the putative nutritional symbionts associated with five native species of ambrosia beetles colonizing commercial avocado trees in four locations in Michoacán. Knowing which beetles are present in the commercial orchards and the surrounding areas, as well as their fungal associates, is imperative for developing a realistic risk assessment and an effective monitoring system that allows for timely management actions.

Single Crystals Heterogeneity Impacts the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks.

At present, an enormous characterization gap exists between the study of the crystal structure of a material and its bulk properties. Individual particles falling within this gap cannot be fully characterized in a correlative manner by current methods. The authors address this problem by exploiting the noninvasive nature of optical microscopy and spectroscopy for the correlative analysis of metal-organic framework particles in situ.

Pediatric mTBI during the COVID-19 pandemic: considerations for evaluation and management.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed healthcare utilization patterns and clinical practice, including pediatric mTBI evaluation and management. Providers treating pediatric mTBI, including neuropsychologists, have a unique role in evaluating and managing an already complex injury in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic with limited empirically based guidelines. In the present paper, we review usual, evidence-based pediatric mTBI care, highlight changes experienced by healthcare providers since the onset of the pandemic, and provide possible considerations and solutions.

Weeds Harbor Species that Cause Malformation Disease of Economically Important Trees in Western Mexico.

Mango malformation disease (MMD) caused by spp. is an important limiting factor in most production areas worldwide. and have been reported as causing MMD in Mexico.

Influence of Salt Support Structures on Material Jetted Aluminum Parts.

Like most additive manufacturing processes for metals, material jetting processes require support structures in order to attain full 3D capability. The support structures have to be removed in subsequent operations, which increases costs and slows down the manufacturing process. One approach to this issue is the use of water-soluble support structures made from salts that allow a fast and economic support removal.

Three novel Ambrosia Clade species producing multiseptate "dolphin-shaped" conidia, and an augmented description of .

The Ambrosia Clade (AFC) is a monophyletic lineage within clade 3 of the species complex (FSSC) that currently comprises 19 genealogically exclusive species. These fungi are known or predicted to be farmed by adult female ambrosia beetles as a nutritional mutualism (Coleoptera: Scolytinae; Xyleborini). To date, only eight of the 19 AFC species have been described formally with Latin binomials.

Effects of freezing temperatures and storage times on the quality and safety of raw turkey meat and sausage products.

In this study, the effect of frozen storage of turkey meat on the processing properties into raw sausages was investigated. For this purpose, meat from the Musculus pectoralis of male turkeys was frozen in 3 independent runs for 12 and 24 wk at -18°C and -80°C. After thawing, the meat was examined physicochemically and microbiologically and processed into raw sausages.