Ovarian cyst formation in women of reproductive age receiving mitotane as part of the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma: Clinical and experimental observations.

Introduction: Mitotane is an adrenolytic drug that is used as an adjuvant to treat adrenocortical carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course and pathogenetic mechanisms underlying ovarian cyst formation in women of reproductive age diagnosed with adrenocortical carcinoma and being treated with mitotane as an adjuvant to surgery.

Material And Methods: Five women presented with stage III-IV adrenocortical carcinoma and ovarian cyst formation during mitotane treatment.

Dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and eating behavior in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Data on dietary intake, meal patterns, and eating attitudes from women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is limited despite the fact that PCOS is associated with obesity. We aimed to test the hypothesis that women with PCOS display altered dietary intakes and eating behaviors compared to controls.

Methods: Women with PCOS (n = 72) as defined according to the modified Rotterdam criteria were compared with healthy controls (n = 30).

Serum anti-Müllerian hormone and ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in response to acupuncture and exercise in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether electro-acupuncture or physical exercise influence serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) or ovarian volume in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Secondary analyses of a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting: University Hospital, Sweden.

Ovarian morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome and associations with antimüllerian hormone, free testosterone, and glucose disposal rate.

Objective: To characterize ovarian morphology and perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate associations with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), free T, and glucose disposal rate (GDR).

Design: Explorative cross-sectional study.

Setting: University hospital.

Acupuncture and physical exercise for affective symptoms and health-related quality of life in polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have symptoms of depression and anxiety and impaired health related quality of life (HRQoL). Here we test the post-hoc hypothesis that acupuncture and exercise improve depression and anxiety symptoms and HRQoL in PCOS women.

Methods: Seventy-two PCOS women were randomly assigned to 16 weeks of 1) acupuncture (n = 28); 2) exercise (n = 29); or 3) no intervention (control) (n = 15).

Quality of life after adopting compared with childbirth with or without assisted reproduction.

Objective: This study compares quality of life among couples who had adopted a child 4-5.5 years previously with couples whose conception was spontaneous, as well as with couples who had successful or unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Effects of acupuncture and exercise on insulin sensitivity, adipose tissue characteristics, and markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the possible effects of low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) and physical exercise on markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis, insulin sensitivity, and adipose tissue characteristics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Secondary analyses of a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting: Department of Physiology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gothenburg.

Sex steroids, insulin sensitivity and sympathetic nerve activity in relation to affective symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Context: Affective symptoms are poorly understood in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clinical signs of hyperandrogenism and high serum androgens are key features in PCOS, and women with PCOS are more likely to be overweight or obese, as well as insulin resistant. Further, PCOS is associated with high sympathetic nerve activity.

Alterations of follicular microcirculation and apex structure during ovulation in the rat.

Objective: We utilized methods for intravital microscopy and microcirculation measurements to study changes during ovulation.

Study Design: Immature gonadotrophin-primed rats were laparotomized and one ovary was examined for morphological alterations during a 3 h period (covering a period from 1h before to 27 h after hCG) through water-immersion lenses (maximum magnification 812×). Microcirculatory blood flow was assessed by measurements of blood cell velocity and laser Doppler flowmetry.

Coagulation and fibrinolytic disturbances in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Context: Studies of fibrinolysis/coagulation status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are contradictory.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate whether women with PCOS have disturbed circulating levels of fibrinolysis/coagulation markers and, if so, whether the disturbances are related to hemodynamics, metabolic variables, sex steroids, SHBG, lipids, and inflammatory variables in women with PCOS. DESIGN/MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric variables, hemodynamics, circulating hemostatic and inflammatory markers, and serum lipid profile were measured in women with untreated PCOS (n = 74) and controls (n = 31).

Impact of electro-acupuncture and physical exercise on hyperandrogenism and oligo/amenorrhea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, is characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. We aimed to determine whether low-frequency electro-acupuncture (EA) would decrease hyperandrogenism and improve oligo/amenorrhea more effectively than physical exercise or no intervention. We randomized 84 women with PCOS, aged 18-37 yr, to 16 wk of low-frequency EA, physical exercise, or no intervention.

Sexual function and surgical outcome in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to CYP21A2 deficiency: clinical perspective and the patients' perception.

Context: Females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to a CYP21A2 deficiency are exposed to androgens during fetal development, resulting in virilization of the external genitalia. Little is known about how these women feel that the disease has affected their lives regarding surgery and psychosexual adaptation.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the correlation between the surgical results, the self-perceived severity of the disease, and satisfaction with sexual life and relate the results to the CYP21A2 genotype.

Gender perspective on quality of life, comparisons between groups 4-5.5 years after unsuccessful or successful IVF treatment.

Objective: To describe and compare quality of life in men and women who had in vitro fertilization (IVF) within the Swedish public health system 4-5.5 years previously, either unsuccessfully and were subsequently living without children, or successfully, having children aged 4-5.5 years.

Are there any sensitive and specific sex steroid markers for polycystic ovary syndrome?

Context: Despite the high prevalence of hyperandrogenemia, the principal biochemical abnormality in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a definitive endocrine marker for PCOS has so far not been identified.

Objective: To identify a tentative diagnostic marker for PCOS, we compared serum levels of sex steroids, their precursors, and main metabolites in women with PCOS and controls.

Design And Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 74 women with PCOS and 31 controls, we used gas and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to analyze serum sex steroid precursors, estrogens, androgens, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites; performed immunoassays of SHBG, LH, and FSH; and calculated the LH/FSH ratio.

Gender role behavior, sexuality, and psychosocial adaptation in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to CYP21A2 deficiency.

Context: Gender-atypical behavior has been described in young girls as well as in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to a CYP21A2 deficiency.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess health-related, psychosexual, and psychosocial parameters and correlate the results to CYP21A2 genotype.

Design And Participants: Sixty-two Swedish women with CAH and age-matched controls completed a 120-item questionnaire and a validated quality of life instrument [psychological general well-being (PGWB) formula] to identify psychosexual and psychosocial parameters.

Low-frequency electroacupuncture and physical exercise decrease high muscle sympathetic nerve activity in polycystic ovary syndrome.

We have recently shown that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with high muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Animal studies support the concept that low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) and physical exercise, via stimulation of ergoreceptors and somatic afferents in the muscles, may modulate the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of these interventions on sympathetic nerve activity in women with PCOS.

Increased liver enzymes in adult women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

The aims were assessing liver function tests (LFT) in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) on glucocorticoids. Sixty-one women with genetically verified CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, aged 18-63 years were compared to 61 controls. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), anthropometry and fat mass (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) were measured.

Quality of life for couples 4-5.5 years after unsuccessful IVF treatment.

Objective: To describe quality of life in men and women who had terminated in vitro fertilization (IVF) within the public health system 4-5.5 years previously, and for whom treatment did not result in childbirth.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Ovarian epithelial neoplasia after hormonal infertility treatment: long-term follow-up of a historical cohort in Sweden.

Objective: To study the association between hormonal infertility treatment and ovarian neoplasia.

Design: Historical cohort study.

Setting: Three university hospitals in Sweden.

Is polycystic ovary syndrome associated with high sympathetic nerve activity and size at birth?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disturbance among women of reproductive age and is proposed to be linked with size at birth and increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease. A disturbance in the sympathetic nervous system may contribute to the etiology of PCOS. This study evaluates sympathetic outflow in PCOS and its relation to size at birth.

Type of mutation and surgical procedure affect long-term quality of life for women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Context: In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by different mutations, feminizing surgery is mostly performed in childhood, and many patients are lost to follow-up.

Objective/patients: A follow-up study on 62 CAH women aged 18-63 yr and 62 age-matched controls to correlate findings of both operative method and mutation was performed.

Design: Semistructured interviews were performed in cases and controls, as well as a gynecological examination in the cases.