Reduction in Remnant Cholesterol in Obese Individuals After Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy.

The effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing remnant cholesterol (RC) levels, particularly when obesity is accompanied by elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), is insufficiently investigated. In this study, we aimed to examine the impacts of two common bariatric procedures, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), as regards their effects on RC and HbA1c levels. Adult morbidly obese subjects were included and assigned to receive either RYGB or SG.

Falls in Persons with Cognitive Impairment-Incidence and Characteristics of the Fallers.

The annual incidence of falls is high in older adults with impaired cognitive function and dementia, and injuries have a detrimental effect on disability-adjusted life-years and public health spending. In this registry-based study, fall incidence and characteristics of the fallers were explored in a large population with cognitive impairment. : NorCog, "The Norwegian Registry of Persons Assessed for Cognitive Symptoms", is a national research and quality registry with a biomaterial collection.

Changes in bone turnover markers 6-12 months after bariatric surgery.

A rise in bone turnover markers (BTM) after bariatric surgery predicts poor bone health years later. This study explored factors associated with BTM and changes in BTM after bariatric surgery. Inclusion criteria were subjects 18 to 65 years of age with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery.

APOE Polymorphism Is Associated with Changes in the Kynurenine Pathway.

Background: APOE polymorphism and the Kynurenine pathway (KP) are associated with many disorders, but little is known about associations between APOE polymorphism and the KP. This study explored the associations between the KP and APOE polymorphism in disorders associated with APOE polymorphism and changes in the KP.

Methods: Subjects with morbid obesity before and after bariatric surgery (numbers 139 and 95, respectively), depression (number 49), and unspecified neurological symptoms (number 39) were included.

The Kynurenine Pathway in Healthy Subjects and Subjects with Obesity, Depression and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Changes in tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) are observed in several disorders and coupled with pathophysiological deviations.

Methods: This study retrospectively compared the KP in serum in healthy subjects (108) with subjects with obesity (141), depression (49), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (22) participating in four clinical studies and explored predictors of the changes in the KP metabolites.

Results: Compared with the healthy group, the KP was upregulated in the disease groups with high kynurenine, quinolinic acid (QA), kynurenine/tryptophan-ratio and QA/xanthurenic acid-ratio and low kynurenic acid/QA-ratio.

Reply to Paredes et al. Comment on "Aaseth et al. Circulating Lipoproteins in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy. 2022, , 2381".

Hereby, we thank Silvia Paredes et al. [..

Do changes in persistent organic pollutants after bariatric surgery cause endocrine disruption?

Background: Bariatric surgery results in weight loss, marked endocrine changes and the release of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The release of POPs might cause endocrine disruption. The study aimed to explore associations between POPs and adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin in subjects undergoing bariatric surgery.

Changes in circulating sirtuin 1 after bariatric surgery.

Background And Aims: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Weight loss after bariatric surgery improves the inflammatory state and risk of cardiovascular disease. Improvement in metabolic dysfunction might be associated with changes in the activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and we aimed to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on its circulating levels.

Circulating Lipoproteins in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy.

The efficacy of various bariatric procedures on the mitigation of the obese dyslipidemia remains debated, and the impact of these measures on lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels is unknown. In this study we aimed to compare the two most commonly used procedures: gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Adult patients with morbid obesity were assigned to receive either RYGB or SG.

Polymorphism and Endocrine Functions in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Obesity is an interplay between genes and the environment, including lifestyle. The genetics of obesity is insufficiently understood. Apolipoprotein E () genetic polymorphism has been associated with a wide range of disorders.

Are Faecal Microbiota Analyses on Species-Level Suitable Clinical Biomarkers? A Pilot Study in Subjects with Morbid Obesity.

Background: An abnormal faecal microbiota could be a causal factor for disease. This study evaluated a new method for faecal microbiota analysis in subjects with obesity and irritable bowel syndrome.

Methods: The study had a matched case-control design.

Changes in serum zonulin in individuals with morbid obesity after weight-loss interventions: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Zonulin is a biomarker of impaired intestinal permeability, which has been associated with various disorders. The primary aim was to study serum zonulin (s-zonulin) in individuals with morbid obesity before and after a conservative weight loss intervention followed by bariatric surgery. The secondary aims were to explore predictors of s-zonulin, and the associations between the changes of the predictors and changes in s-zonulin, and to compare the associations in the two treatment periods.

APOE - a genetic marker of comorbidity in subjects with morbid obesity.

Background: In population-based studies, the genetic variability of the APOE E alleles have been associated with health outcomes. Health problems are common in subjects with obesity. This study explored associations between the APOE E alleles and comorbidity in subjects with morbid obesity.

Are the Results of a Combined Behavioural and Surgical Treatment of Morbid Obesity Satisfactory and Predictable?

Treatment of subjects with morbid obesity (Body Mass Index (BMI) > 40 kg/m or > 35 kg/m with obesity-related complications) often fails. This study explored the biopsychosocial predictors of dropout and weight loss during a combined behavioural and surgical weight-reduction program. Behavioural treatment for six months was followed by bariatric surgery and a visit six months after surgery.

Changes in Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids after Weight-Loss Interventions in Subjects with Morbid Obesity.

The gut microbiota and their metabolites, e.g., short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), are associated with obesity.

Irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms and health related quality of life two years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass - a prospective cohort study.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is prevalent in patients with morbid obesity. After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) chronic abdominal pain is common, however the etiology is largely unknown. We aimed to study the change in the prevalence of IBS-like symptoms 2 years after RYGB and possible preoperative predictors of such symptoms.

Changes in C-reactive protein, neopterin and lactoferrin differ after conservative and surgical weight loss in individuals with morbid obesity.

C-reactive protein, neopterin and lactoferrin are biomarkers of atherosclerotic disease. We aimed to assess changes in these biomarkers after conservative and surgical weight loss interventions in individuals with morbid obesity, to evaluate associations between biomarker changes and changes in body mass index and HbA1c, and to study associations between changes in the biomarkers. C-reactive protein, neopterin and lactoferrin were measured before and after conservative weight loss intervention and bariatric surgery.

Are Nonnutritive Sweeteners Obesogenic? Associations between Diet, Faecal Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Morbidly Obese Subjects.

Obesity has been associated with changes in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. The study explored changes in the faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) associated with the diet (including nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs)) and evaluated metabolic consequences in subjects with morbid obesity. The diet was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Effects of a fall prevention program in elderly: a pragmatic observational study in two orthopedic departments.

Purpose: Falls are a common adverse event experienced by elderly in hospitals. This study assessed the effects of a fall prevention program on the rate of fallers, the patient safety culture, and patient-perceived safety.

Materials And Methods: Two orthopedic departments in different towns in Norway participated in the study.

Separating "good" from "bad" faecal dysbiosis - evidence from two cross-sectional studies.

Background: Faecal dysbiosis associated with the use of metformin has been conceived as a favourable ("good") dysbiosis and that with intake of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) as unfavourable ("bad"). The study aimed to construct an alternative dysbiosis index (ADI) for the separation of the dysbioses into "good" and "bad", and to validate the ADI.

Methods: Subjects with morbid obesity were included.

Changes in gastrointestinal symptoms and food tolerance 6 months following weight loss surgery: associations with dietary changes, weight loss and the surgical procedure.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) co-morbidity is common in obese patients, but the effect of weight loss surgery on GI symptoms is incompletely elucidated. The aims of the present study were to explore changes in GI symptoms and food tolerance following weight loss surgery and to study whether such changes were associated with dietary modifications and/or the type of surgical procedure [Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) versus Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG)].

Methods: Participants: Patients with morbid obesity scheduled for weight loss surgery.

Faecal Microbial Markers and Psychobiological Disorders in Subjects with Morbid Obesity. A Cross-Sectional Study.

Morbidly obese subjects have a high prevalence of comorbidity and gut microbial dysbiosis, and are thus suitable for the study of gut-brain interactions. The aim was to study the associations between the faecal microbiota's composition and function and psychobiological comorbidity in subjects with BMI > 40 kg/m² or >35 kg/m² with obesity-related complications. The faecal microbiota was assessed with GA-Map dysbiosis test ™ (Genetic Analysis, Oslo Norway) and reported as dysbiosis (yes/no) and degree of dysbiosis, and the relative abundance of 39 bacteria.

A Conservative Weight Loss Intervention Relieves Bowel Symptoms in Morbidly Obese Subjects with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common in subjects with morbid obesity; the effect of weight loss programs on bowel symptoms is largely unknown.

Methods: This prospective cohort study explored bowel symptoms, health scores, and biomarkers in subjects with morbid obesity during a six-month-long conservative weight loss intervention. Bowel symptoms were assessed with IBS-severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale-IBS.

Is perceived intolerance to milk and wheat associated with the corresponding IgG and IgA food antibodies? A cross sectional study in subjects with morbid obesity and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Background: Serum IgG and IgA food antibodies have been used for dietary advice to subjects with gastrointestinal symptoms and perceived food intolerance, but the role of these antibodies in mediating intolerance is controversial. The present study investigated associations between perceived gastrointestinal intolerance to milk-or wheat and the corresponding s-IgG and s-IgA food antibodies in subjects with morbid obesity.

Methods: Subjects with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m or ≥35 kg/m with obesity-related complications) were included.

Intake of non-nutritive sweeteners is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle: a cross-sectional study in subjects with morbid obesity.

Background: Subjects with morbid obesity commonly use Non-Nutritive Sweeteners (NNS), but the health-related effects of NNS have been questioned. The objectives of this study were to explore the associations between theuse of NNS and the health and lifestyle in subjects with morbid obesity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included subjects with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m or ≥35 kg/m with obesity-related comorbidity).