Declining alcohol consumption among adolescents and schools in Stockholm, 2010-2016.

Aims: The principle aim of this study was to investigate changes in alcohol consumption among adolescents in Stockholm from 2010 to 2016. A further aim was to investigate whether there are divergent or similar trends in alcohol consumption among elementary schools in Stockholm from 2010 to 2016 and, if there are diverging trends, to examine how the differences might be explained.

Methods: Data were analysed using multilevel mixed effects linear regression, in which individual students represented one level and schools the second level.

Leakage through the bone-marrow during isolated limb perfusion in the lower extremity.

Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) is used for melanoma in-transit metastases of the extremities. The use of Melphalan and TNF-alpha, necessitates monitoring of possible systemic leakage throughout the perfusion. It has been suspected that leakage through bone marrow is possible.

Minimally invasive isolated limb perfusion - technical details and initial outcome of a new treatment method for limb malignancies.

Objective: Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) and isolated limb infusion (ILI) are treatment options for patients with locally advanced melanomas and sarcomas of the extremities. ILP potentially have higher response rates, but requires open surgery for vascular access, whereas ILI is minimally invasive and easier to perform. We now present the technical details and outcome of a new approach to ILP by a minimally invasive vascular access (MI-ILP).

Social capital - a mixed blessing for women? A cross-sectional study of different forms of social relations and self-rated depression in Moscow.

Background: Depression is a major health problem worldwide, especially among women. The condition has been related to a number of factors, such as alcohol consumption, economic situation and, more recently, to social capital. However, there have been relatively few studies about the social capital-depression relationship in Eastern Europe.

Are area-level effects just a proxy for school-level effects? Socioeconomic differences in alcohol consumption patterns among Swedish adolescents.

Aims: Although recent studies have found significant variations in adolescent alcohol consumption across neighbourhoods, these investigations did not address another important context in adolescents' lives: schools. The purpose of this study was to not only simultaneously assess variations in adolescent alcohol use and binge drinking at the city district level and the school level but also analyse whether any such variations could be ascribed to the socioeconomic characteristics of the examined city districts, schools, and students.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Factors associated with non-lethal violent victimization in Sweden in 2004-2007.

Aims: To examine which factors were associated with non-lethal violent victimization in Sweden in the period 2004 to 2007.

Methods: Data come from the Swedish National Public Health Surveys, undertaken annually between 2004 and 2007. A total of 29,923 randomly selected respondents aged 16 to 84 from across Sweden responded to a mailed questionnaire.

The social and economic determinants of smoking in Moscow, Russia.

Background: Despite a high prevalence of smoking for decades, recent research has documented an increase in the rates of both male and female smoking in post-Soviet Russia. As yet, however, little research has taken place on smoking at the subnational level. The current study addresses this deficit by examining smoking in Moscow -- the city that has been at the forefront of the entry into the Russian market of transnational tobacco corporations (TTCs) in the transition period.

Moscow Health Survey 2004--social surveying under difficult circumstances.

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to present the Moscow Health Survey 2004, which was designed to examine health inequalities in Moscow. In particular we want to discuss social survey problems, such as non-response, in Moscow and Russia.

Methods: Interviews, covering social and economic circumstances, health and social trust, of a stratified random sample of the greater Moscow population, aged 18+.

The stratification of social capital and its consequences for self-rated health in Taganrog, Russia.

Russian public health and its social determinants have been the theme of several recent studies. In one of these, Rose [(2000). How much does social capital add to individual health? A survey study of Russians.

Relatively poor, absolutely ill? A study of regional income inequality in Russia and its possible health consequences.

Study Objective: To investigate whether the income distribution in a Russian region has a "contextual" effect on individuals' self rated health, and whether the regional income distributions are related to regional health differences.

Methods: The Russia longitudinal monitoring survey (RLMS) is a survey (n = 7696) that is representative of the Russian population. With multilevel regressions both individual as well as contextual effects on self rated health were estimated.

The European health divide: a matter of financial or social capital?

The 'European east--west health divide' has been documented both for mortality and for self-rated health. The reason for this divide, however, remains to be explained. The aim of this study is, firstly, to investigate whether in 1995-97 differences in self-rated health persisted between countries in central and eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, and western Europe.

The Sileye-3/Alteino experiment for the study of light flashes, radiation environment and astronaut brain activity on board the International Space Station.

In this work we describe the instrument Sileye-3/Alteino, placed on board the International Space Station in April 2002. The instrument is constituted by an Electroencephalograph and a cosmic ray silicon detector. The scientific aims include the investigation of the Light Flash phenomenon, the measurement of the radiation environment and the nuclear abundance inside the ISS and the study of astronaut brain activity in space when subject to cosmic rays.