Linear and discrete foreign body small intestinal obstruction outcomes, complication risk factors, and single incision red rubber catheter technique success in cats.

Objective: To compare survival and report perioperative complications in cats undergoing surgery for small intestinal (SI) linear (LFBO) and discrete (DFBO) foreign body obstructions (FBO). To report success of a red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) to remove LFBOs.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Use of near-infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green to evaluate direct cutaneous arteries used for canine axial pattern flaps.

Objective: To describe the use of near-infrared angiography (NIRFA) to identify the vascularization of three canine axial pattern flaps (APFs) omocervical (OMO), thoracodorsal (THO), and caudal superficial epigastric (CSE); to establish a vascular fluorescence pattern (VFP) grading system; and to evaluate the effect of NIRFA on surgeon flap dimension planning compared to traditional landmark palpation (LP) and visualization assessments.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: A total of 15 healthy, client-owned dogs.

Cooled feline intestine and fresh intestine did not differ in enterotomy leak pressure testing or in gross wall thickness measurement.

Objective: To report gross anatomical gastrointestinal measurements and compare enterotomy leak pressures between fresh and cooled feline cadavers.

Study Design: Ex vivo, randomized study.

Animals: Fresh feline cadavers (n = 20).

Performance time and leak pressure of hand-sewn and skin staple intestinal anastomoses and enterotomies in cadaveric cats.

Objective: To compare time to construct completion and leak testing between hand-sewn and skin staple anastomoses and enterotomies in cats.

Study Design: Ex vivo, randomized study.

Animals: Fresh feline cadavers (n = 20).

Gastrointestinal thickness, duration, and leak pressure of five intestinal anastomosis techniques in cats.

Objective: To compare time to construct completion and resistance to leakage for five intestinal anastomosis techniques in cats and to report normal feline gastrointestinal thickness.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Sample Population: Grossly normal intestinal segments (n = 120) from 10 fresh cat cadavers.

Evaluation of automated staple sizes on gastric layer incorporation and intraluminal pressure for partial gastrectomy closure in an ex vivo canine model.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of automated staple sizes on a cadaveric canine partial gastrectomy model.

Methods: Stomachs were transected through the gastric body axis and randomly allocated to two closure groups: Group B, thoracoabdominal (TA) stapler 3.5 mm staple cartridge (blue); Group G, TA stapler 4.

Preputial Shortening Reconstruction Surgery in a Dog with a Micropenis and Prepuce-to-Penis Size Disparity.

A 1 yr old castrated male shih tzu was referred for recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), prostatitis, and urine dribbling that was not responsive to medical management. Physical examination and computed tomography scan revealed a micropenis with a disproportionately high prepuce-to-penis ratio. Preputial shortening with a hexagonal, full thickness preputial resection followed by preputial anastomosis was performed.

Laparoscopic ultrasonography of the liver is feasible and safe in dogs.

Objective: To describe the feasibility and technique for performing laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) of the liver in dogs.

Animals: 12 client-owned dogs presenting for elective laparoscopic surgery from January 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022.

Methods: Laparoscopic exploration and LUS of the liver were performed in all dogs.

Geometric, landmark-guided technique reduces tissue trauma, surgery time, and subjective difficulty for canine peripheral lymphadenectomies: an educational crossover study.

Objective: To compare the effect of a geometric, landmark-guided lymphadenectomy (LL) approach to peripheral lymph nodes (LNs) on successful LN identification, surgical time, tissue trauma, and ease of LN identification compared to standard lymphadenectomy (SL) and methylene blue-guided lymphadenectomy (MBL).

Sample: 18 adult, mixed-breed canine cadavers operated on by 7 veterinarians and 5 fourth-year veterinary students between July 23 and October 12, 2022.

Methods: Participants were provided standardized, publicly available materials regarding the anatomy and surgical techniques for SL of 3 peripheral lymphocentrums: superficial cervical, axillary (ALN), and superficial inguinal (SILN).

Complications and outcome following staphylectomy and folded flap palatoplasty in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables and complications associated with staphylectomy (S) and folded flap palatoplasty (FFP).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Sample Population: Client-owned dogs (n = 124).

Risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage and perioperative complications and short- and long-term outcomes during surgical patent ductus arteriosus ligation in 417 dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of dogs undergoing surgical ligation for a left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), identify risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage and intra- and postoperative complications, and report overall mortality rates.

Animals: 417 client-owned dogs undergoing surgical ligation for a left-to-right shunting PDA between January 2010 and January 2020.

Procedures: Data recorded included patient signalment, echocardiogram findings, intraoperative complications and mortality, postoperative complications, and short- and long-term outcomes.

A quantitative evaluation of the effect of foreign body obstruction and enterectomy technique on canine small intestinal microvascular health.

Objective: To investigate sidestream dark field (SDF) videomicroscopy as an objective measure of intestinal viability and determine the effects of enterectomy techniques on intestinal microvasculature in dogs with foreign body obstructions.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 24 dogs with an intestinal foreign body obstruction and 30 systemically healthy dogs.

Superficial anatomic landmarks can be used to triangulate the location of canine peripheral lymphocentrums: superficial cervical, axillary, and superficial inguinal.

Objective: To utilize the geometry of superficial anatomic landmarks to guide incisional location and orientation for peripheral lymphadenectomy, document deep anatomic landmarks for lymphocentrum identification, and develop novel surgical approaches to the superficial cervical, axillary, and superficial inguinal lymphocentrums in dogs.

Animals: 12 canine cadavers.

Procedures: 2 cadavers were used for a pilot investigation to determine optimal body positioning, select superficial anatomic landmarks for lymphocentrum identification, and evaluate novel surgical approaches to the 3 lymphocentrums.

Comparison of surgeon experience using simple interrupted and simple continuous suture patterns in intestinal resection and anastomosis.

This experimental study compared leak pressures and completion time of intestinal anastomoses performed by novice veterinarians and a Board-certified surgeon using simple interrupted and simple continuous suture patterns. Grossly normal jejunal segments ( = 108) from 6 fresh canine cadavers were used to harvest 8-cm cooled canine cadaveric jejunal segments that were randomly assigned to a control group (12 segments) and 4 treatment groups (24 segments/group, 12 constructs/group): i) simple interrupted anastomoses performed by a Board-certified surgeon (BSI); ii) simple continuous anastomoses performed by a Board-certified surgeon (BSC); iii) simple interrupted anastomoses performed by novice veterinarians (NSI); and iv) simple continuous anastomoses performed by novice veterinarians (NSC). Median (range) initial leak pressure (ILP) for control was 400.

Prospective evaluation of lymphatic embolization as part of the treatment in dogs with presumptive idiopathic chylothorax.

Objective: To describe the embolization technique and short-term clinical outcome in dogs undergoing lymphatic embolization (LE) as part of treatment for presumptive idiopathic chylothorax (IC). Additionally, to document findings in computed tomography lymphangiography (CTLa) following embolization.

Study Design: Prospective case series.

Veterinary house officer perceptions of dimensions of well-being during postgraduate training.

Objective: To describe veterinary house officers' perceptions of dimensions of well-being during postgraduate training and to identify potential areas for targeted intervention.

Sample: 303 house officers.

Procedures: A 62-item questionnaire was generated by use of an online platform and sent to house officers at participating institutions in October 2020.

Dogs ≥ five years of age at the time of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt diagnosis have better long-term outcomes with surgical attenuation than with medical management alone.

Objective: To determine the outcome in dogs diagnosed with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (EHPSS) at ≥ 5 years of age treated with medical management only (M) or with surgical attenuation (S). The hypothesis was that dogs undergoing surgical attenuation would have a longer survival time than dogs undergoing medical management only.

Animals: 351 dogs definitively diagnosed with EHPSS at ≥ 5 years of age.

Current Concepts in Small Animal Gastrointestinal Surgery.

Both handsewn and stapled anastomosis techniques are performed commonly in veterinary medicine. This article discusses variations and comparisons of these techniques with different suture patterns, suture materials, types of stapling equipment, and staple sizes along with benefits of surgical reinforcement techniques and leak testing. In addition, a minimally invasive surgical approach for gastrointestinal surgery is discussed briefly.

Distribution of histopathologic types of primary pulmonary neoplasia in dogs and outcome of affected dogs: 340 cases (2010-2019).

Objective: To provide updated information on the distribution of histopathologic types of primary pulmonary neoplasia in dogs and evaluate the effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in dogs with pulmonary carcinoma.

Animals: 340 dogs.

Procedures: Medical records of dogs that underwent lung lobectomy for removal of a primary pulmonary mass were reviewed, and histopathologic type of lesions was determined.

Incidence, survival time, and surgical treatment of parathyroid carcinomas in dogs: 100 cases (2010-2019).

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of dogs with parathyroid carcinoma (PTC) treated by surgical excision and to describe the incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia, degree of hypocalcemia, duration of hospitalization, duration of calcium supplementation, and survival time.

Animals: 100 client-owned dogs with PTC admitted to academic, referral veterinary institutions.

Procedures: In a retrospective multi-institutional study, medical records of dogs undergoing surgical excision of PTC between 2010 to 2019 were reviewed.

Ex vivo comparison of leak testing of canine jejunal enterotomies: Saline infusion versus air insufflation.

Objective: To compare the ability to detect leakage of enterotomy closures by intraluminal injection of saline or air.

Study Design: Ex vivo study.

Animals: Grossly normal jejunal segments (n = 60) from five fresh canine cadavers.

Evaluation of intraoperative leak testing of small intestinal anastomoses performed by hand-sewn and stapled techniques in dogs: 131 cases (2008-2019).

Objective: To compare the rate of postoperative dehiscence on the basis of intraoperative anastomotic leak test results (ie, positive or negative for leakage or testing not performed) between dogs that underwent hand-sewn anastomosis (HSA) or functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis (FEESA) of the small intestine.

Animals: 131 client-owned dogs that underwent 144 small intestinal anastomoses (94 FEESA and 50 HSA).

Procedures: Medical records were searched to identify dogs that had undergone a small intestinal anastomosis (HSA or FEESA) from January 2008 through October 2019.

Feasibility of laparoscopic liver lobectomy in dogs.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of laparoscopic liver lobectomy (LLL) in dogs by using canine cadavers and to describe the clinical application in dogs with liver disease.

Study Design: Ex vivo experiment and descriptive case series.

Sample Population: Twelve canine cadavers and six client-owned dogs.