Young people's explanations for the decline in youth drinking in England.

Background: Youth alcohol consumption has fallen markedly over the last twenty years in England. This paper explores the drivers of the decline from the perspectives of young people.

Methods: The study used two methods in a convergent triangulation design.

Children's perspectives and experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic and UK public health measures.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on how we live our lives; yet, the implications for children and the effects on children's everyday lives have been relatively underacknowledged. Understanding children's views on COVID-19 and related restrictions on their lives provides an important opportunity to understand how children have responded to the pandemic, including the impacts on their social and emotional well-being.

Objective: This study explored the experiences and perspectives of children in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions on everyday life.

Clustering of health-related behaviours within children aged 11-16: a systematic review.

Objective: We aimed to systematically review and synthesise evidence on the clustering of a broad range of health-related behaviours amongst 11-16 year olds.

Method: A literature search was conducted in September 2019. Studies were included if they used cluster analysis, latent class analysis, prevalence odds ratios, principal component analysis or factor analysis, and considered at least three health-related behaviours of interest among 11-16 year olds in high-income countries.

Trends in the psychosocial characteristics of 11-15-year-olds who still drink, smoke, take drugs and engage in poly-substance use in England.

Introduction And Aims: Youth substance use is declining in many high-income countries. As adolescent substance use becomes less common, it may concentrate in higher-risk groups. This paper aims to examine how the psychosocial characteristics of young substance users in England have changed over time.

Children and young people's concerns and needs relating to their use of health technology to self-manage long-term conditions: a scoping review.

Background: The use of patient-facing health technologies to manage long-term conditions is increasing; however, children and young people may have particular concerns or needs before deciding to use different health technologies.

Aims: To identify children and young people's reported concerns or needs in relation to using health technologies to self-manage long-term conditions.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted.

Umbrella review of family-focused care interventions supporting families where a family member has a long-term condition.

Aim: The aim of this study was to summarize reviews of family-focused care interventions that support families with a family member with a long-term condition across the life course.

Design: Umbrella review.

Data Sources: Medline (1946-2019), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2019), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effect and EMBASE (1947-2019), CINAHL (1981-2019), Health Technology Assessment Database (2019) and PsycInfo (1806-2019).

Promoting the health of children and young people who migrate: reflections from four regional reviews.

Calls to enhance the health of migrant population sub-groups are strengthening, with increasing evidence documenting the relationship between migration and health outcomes. Despite the importance of migration to global health promotion, little research has focused on the health experiences of young migrants. As part of a Worldwide University Network project, we completed four systematic reviews examining the existing evidence base on the health experiences of children and young people who migrate.

The decline in youth drinking in England-is everyone drinking less? A quantile regression analysis.

Background And Aims: Youth alcohol consumption has declined significantly during the past 15 years in many high-income countries, which may have significant public health benefits. However, if the reductions in drinking occur mainly among lighter drinkers who are at lower risk, then rates of alcohol-related harm among young people today and adults in future may not fall in line with consumption. There is conflicting evidence from Swedish school studies, with some suggesting that all young people are drinking less, while others suggest that alcohol consumption among heavier drinkers may be stable or rising while average consumption declines.

Young people's perspectives of e-cigarette use in the home.

There is concern that the emergence of e-cigarettes could result in an increase in young people's intake of, and exposure to, nicotine. This UK study used friendship group interviews to elicit the perspectives of young people from socioeconomically contrasting backgrounds regarding e-cigarettes. Young people from both advantaged and disadvantaged backgrounds described similar e-cigarette practices in the home environment, and, for both health and sensory reasons, viewed these as preferable to tobacco smoking.

The impact of single and shared rooms on family-centred care in children's hospitals.

Aims And Objectives: To explore whether and how spatial aspects of children's hospital wards (single and shared rooms) impact upon family-centred care.

Background: Family-centred care has been widely adopted in paediatric hospitals internationally. Recent hospital building programmes in many countries have prioritised the provision of single rooms over shared rooms.

Making health information meaningful: Children's health literacy practices.

Children's health and wellbeing is high on the research and policy agenda of many nations. There is a wealth of epidemiological research linking childhood circumstances and health practices with adult health. However, echoing a broader picture within child health research where children have typically been viewed as objects rather than subjects of enquiry, we know very little of how, in their everyday lives, children make sense of health-relevant information.

Where are the schools? Children, families and food practices.

Reducing childhood obesity is an international priority and children's diets, food knowledge and practices have come under intense scrutiny in both policy and popular discourse. Notwithstanding evidence that health interventions which resonate with children's own views are the most effective, there is still relatively little research which mobilises children's everyday perspectives on food to inform public health policy. We report key findings from a qualitative study with 53 children aged 9-10, attending two socio-economically contrasting schools in the UK.

Parental involvement in neonatal comfort care.

Objective: To explore how parents interact with their infants and with nurses regarding the provision of comfort care in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).

Design: Focused ethnography.

Setting: A regional NICU in the United Kingdom.

Children's understanding of family financial resources and their impact on eating healthily.

Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood are linked to childhood and adult health inequalities. They are particularly closely associated with inequalities in nutritional and consequently health status. Recent research links this to the high cost of nutrient-rich and low cost of nutrient-poor foods and explores how parents negotiate food purchase on a limited budget.

Intergenerational relations and the family food environment in families with a child with obesity.

Background: Implicit in much of the literature on childhood obesity is a hierarchical, unidirectional understanding of intergenerational relations, which highlights parents' responsibility for children's food and eating practices.

Aim: Drawing upon alternative understandings from the social science literature, which offer more nuanced insights into family life and generational relations, this paper explores, through parents' narratives, the construction of family food environments and family eating practices in families with a child with obesity.

Subjects And Methods: Data were generated through individual, semi-structured interviews with parents of children attending a community-based obesity intervention programme in an inner city area in the North of England.

The experiences of young people with obesity in secondary school: some implications for the healthy school agenda.

In 1995, the World Health Organisation launched a Global School Health Initiative to reduce health risks among young people. In the UK, the National Healthy School Programme (HSP) developed as part of a wider government commitment to promoting social inclusion. One of the key issues to be tackled by the programme is childhood obesity, for obesity is widely argued to be a public health problem for which a solution needs to be found.

The peer-professional interface in a community-based, breast feeding peer-support project.

Objective: to explore key elements of the peer-professional interface within one breast feeding peer-support project.

Design: a descriptive, qualitative study design. Data were generated through focus-group discussions with volunteer peer supporters and health professionals.