Delayed colonization of spp. and low prevalence of among infants of Asian ancestry born in Singapore: insights from the GUSTO cohort study.

Background: The loss of ancestral microbes, or the "disappearing microbiota hypothesis" has been proposed to play a critical role in the rise of inflammatory and immune diseases in developed nations. The effect of this loss is most consequential during early-life, as initial colonizers of the newborn gut contribute significantly to the development of the immune system.

Methods: In this longitudinal study (day 3, week 3, and month 3 post-birth) of infants of Asian ancestry born in Singapore, we studied how generational immigration status and common perinatal factors affect bifidobacteria and subsp.

A spatio-temporal understanding of growth regulation during the salt stress response in Arabidopsis.

Plant environmental responses involve dynamic changes in growth and signaling, yet little is understood as to how progress through these events is regulated. Here, we explored the phenotypic and transcriptional events involved in the acclimation of the Arabidopsis thaliana seedling root to a rapid change in salinity. Using live-imaging analysis, we show that growth is dynamically regulated with a period of quiescence followed by recovery then homeostasis.

Simple, Fast, and Simultaneous Detection of Plasma Total Homocysteine, Methylmalonic Acid, Methionine, and 2-Methylcitric Acid Using Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).

Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) plays an essential role both in the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA and in the synthesis of methionine (Met) from homocysteine (Hcy). Elevations of total homocysteine (tHcy), Met, methylmalonic acid (MMA), and 2-methylcitric acid (2MCA) are indicative of disorders in these related pathways, and can clinically present as methylmalonic acidemia, cobalamin defects or deficiency, propionic acidemia, homocystinuria, and hypermethioninemia. We have developed a fast, sensitive, and simple method for the simultaneous detection of plasma tHcy, MMA, Met, and 2MCA using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).

Endodermal ABA signaling promotes lateral root quiescence during salt stress in Arabidopsis seedlings.

The endodermal tissue layer is found in the roots of vascular plants and functions as a semipermeable barrier, regulating the transport of solutes from the soil into the vascular stream. As a gateway for solutes, the endodermis may also serve as an important site for sensing and responding to useful or toxic substances in the environment. Here, we show that high salinity, an environmental stress widely impacting agricultural land, regulates growth of the seedling root system through a signaling network operating primarily in the endodermis.

Risks associated with transfusion of cellular blood components in Canada.

We provide a comprehensive review of risks associated with allogeneic red blood cell and platelet transfusions in Canada. The review focuses on clinically symptomatic noninfectious transfusion risks (acute and delayed hemolytic, febrile nonhemolytic [FNHTR], allergic, volume overload, transfusion-related acute lung injury, graft-versus-host disease, and posttransfusion purpura) and the risk of clinically significant disease from transfusion-transmitted infections. Data sources include information from Canadian Blood Services, Héma-Québec, Health Canada, and the Québec Hemovigilance System as well as published information from research studies and international hemovigilance systems.