Effect of Vacuum Assisted Closure Therapy on early systemic cytokine levels in a swine model.

Vacuum Assisted Closure (V.A.C.

Models of anergy in the human Jurkat T cell line.

We investigated two model systems to study anergy in a human T cell line. OKT3 or calcium ionophore stimulation of Jurkat cells, in the absence of costimulation, resulted in a steep reduction in the transcription and secretion of IL-2 in response to subsequent stimulation via CD3 and CD28. Treatment of anergic Jurkat cells with the combination of the phorbol ester, PMA, and ionomycin restored IL-2 production in cells rendered anergic by both mechanisms.

Participation of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases in hydrogen peroxide-induced Ikappa B phosphorylation in human T lymphocytes.

NF-kappaB is an important transcription factor that has a role in a variety of responses such as inflammation, oncogenesis, apoptosis, and viral replication. Oxidative stress is well known to induce the activation of NF-kappaB. Cells can be exposed to either endogenously produced oxidants or oxidants produced by surrounding cells.