A new species of holothuroid from the Labrador Sea (eastern Canada): sp. nov. (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, Dendrochirotida, Sclerodactylidae).

A new species of holothuroid, (order Dendrochirotida and family Sclerodactylidae), was discovered off the coast of Labrador (eastern Canada) at a depth of 740-969 m. Two specimens were described based on morphological and genetic parameters. Distinctive characters included pinkish body colour, presence of tube feet on a 'tail', supporting rod-shaped ossicles in the tube feet, and rod-shaped ossicles in the tentacles.

Technology Acceptance and Authenticity in Interactive Simulation: Experimental Study.

Background: Remote and virtual simulations have gained prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic as institutions maintain social distancing measures. Because of the challenges of cost, flexibility, and feasibility in traditional mannequin simulation, many health care educators have used videos as a remote simulation modality; however, videos provide minimal interactivity.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of interactivity in students' simulation experiences.

Evidence of hatch-time based growth compensation in the early life history of two salmonid fishes.

Initial body size can indicate quality within-species, with large size increasing the likelihood of survival. However, some populations or individuals may have body size disadvantages due to spatial/temporal differences in temperature, photoperiod, or food. Across-populations, animals often have locally adapted physiology to compensate for relatively poor environmental influences on development and growth, while within-population individual behavioral adjustments can increase food intake after periods of deprivation and provide opportunities to catch up (growth compensation).

Demonstrating an Analyses of Clinical Data Evaluating Psychotropic Medication Reductions and the ACHIEVE! Program in Adolescents with Severe Problem Behavior.

Unlabelled: Researchers report increasing trends in psychotropic medication use to treat problem behavior in individuals with intellectual and developmental disability, despite some controversy regarding its application and treatment efficacy. A substantial evidence base exists supporting behavioral intervention efficacy, however research evaluating separate and combined intervention (i.e.

Interactive Video Simulation for Remote Healthcare Learning.

Simulation is an essential component of healthcare education as it enables educators to replicate clinical scenarios in a controlled learning environment. Simulation has traditionally been conducted in-person through the use of manikins, however, the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the practice of manikin simulation. Social distance constraints were enforced during the pandemic to reduce the potential spread of the virus and as a result, many educators and students were denied physical access to their universities' simulation facilities.

Real World Patterns of Antimicrobial Use and Microbiology Investigations in Patients with Sepsis outside the Critical Care Unit: Secondary Analysis of Three Nation-Wide Point Prevalence Studies.

Recent description of the microbiology of sepsis on the wards or information on the real-life antibiotic choices used in sepsis is lacking. There is growing concern of the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and omission of microbiological investigations in the management of septic patients. We performed a secondary analysis of three annual 24-h point-prevalence studies on the general wards across all Welsh acute hospitals in years 2016-2018.

Red-flag sepsis and SOFA identifies different patient population at risk of sepsis-related deaths on the general ward.

Controversy exists regarding the best diagnostic and screening tool for sepsis outside the intensive care unit (ICU). Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score has been shown to be superior to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria, however, the performance of "Red Flag sepsis criteria" has not been tested formally.The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of Red Flag sepsis criteria to identify the patients at high risk of sepsis-related death in comparison to SOFA based sepsis criteria.

Sepsis-related deaths in the at-risk population on the wards: attributable fraction of mortality in a large point-prevalence study.

Objective: Sepsis mortality is reported to be high worldwide, however recently the attributable fraction of mortality due to sepsis (AFsepsis) has been questioned. If improvements in treatment options are to be evaluated, it is important to know what proportion of deaths are potentially preventable or modifiable after a sepsis episode. The aim of the study was to establish the fraction of deaths directly related to the sepsis episode on the general wards and emergency departments.

Training Staff to Avoid Problem Behavior Related to Restricting Access to Preferred Activities.

Some training programs for staff working with individuals with intellectual disabilities fail to equip staff with the practical skills necessary to prevent behavioral episodes. The current research describes the results of a staff training program that, following traditional didactic training, used a card game followed by role-play training to increase staff competence in managing problem behavior. The card game and role-play training was based on behavioral episodes that had occurred previously in the research setting.

Clinical translation of animal models of treatment relapse.

Behavioral Momentum Theory (BMT) has inspired animal models of treatment relapse. We translated the models of reinstatement and resurgence into clinical procedures to test whether relapse tests would replicate behavior pattern found in basic research. Following multiple schedule baseline reinforcement of a 16-year-old male's problem behavior at equal rates by two therapists, treatment was introduced using a variable-interval, variable-time (VI VT) schedule arrangement with therapists delivering reinforcers at different rates.

The relationship between morphological and behavioral mimicry in hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae).

Palatable (Batesian) mimics of unprofitable models could use behavioral mimicry to compensate for the ease with which they can be visually discriminated or to augment an already close morphological resemblance. We evaluated these contrasting predictions by assaying the behavior of 57 field-caught species of mimetic hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) and quantifying their morphological similarity to a range of potential hymenopteran models. A purpose-built phylogeny for the hover flies was used to control for potential lack of independence due to shared evolutionary history.

A comparative analysis of the evolution of imperfect mimicry.

Although exceptional examples of adaptation are frequently celebrated, some outcomes of natural selection seem far from perfect. For example, many hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are harmless (Batesian) mimics of stinging Hymenoptera. However, although some hoverfly species are considered excellent mimics, other species bear only a superficial resemblance to their models and it is unclear why this is so.

The usefulness of gallium-67 citrate scanning in testicular seminoma.

An analysis of 77 consecutive patients with a histologic diagnosis of seminoma testis, assessed and treated at the Cross Cancer Institute between 1977 and 1982, is presented. Ga-67 citrate was first used in the assessment of patients with malignant testicular tumors in 1973. Following three years of study that supported the observation of the gallium-avid nature of seminoma, gallium scans became routine in the initial staging assessment and were used also when recurrence was suspected.

Detecting bone marrow metastases at the time of examining the liver with radiocolloid.

In a prospective study of 200 different consecutive patients with cancer, the bone marrow of the lumbar spine and pelvis has been examined at the time of obtaining a radiocolloid examination of liver and spleen. The images were examined "blind" by three observers who all agreed about the findings in 177 (89%) of the patients. Agreement by any two was considered to be definitive.

The cryoprotective effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on human bone marrow as studied by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to study freshly aspirated normal human bone marrow samples. The pH within the intact cells of the samples was determined from the chemical-shift position of the resonance for inorganic phosphate within the cell; the intracellular pH was found to be 7.35 for fresh bone marrow.

Abnormal biodistribution of radiogallium in persons treated with phenytoin.

After incidentally observing a patient in whom abnormal uptake of gallium-67 citrate appeared to be explained by treatment with phenytoin, we have conducted a prospective study. Of sixteen persons with a seizure disorder treated with phenytoin, five (31%) had abnormal uptake of radiogallium either in the mediastinum, pulmonary hilum or both. Of nineteen historical control patients only one had such abnormal uptake.

Gray-scale ultrasonography as a screening procedure in the detection of gallbladder disease.

The sonographic and surgical findings in 180 patients who underwent cholecystectomy for gallbladder disease were reviewed and correlated. Four abnormal groups were established. In Group I, the gallbladder was visible and contained structures which cast an acoustic shadow.